The interplay between topology and magnetism is vital for realizing exotic quantum phenomena,significant examples including quantum anomalous Hall effect,axion insulators,and high-order topological states.These states...The interplay between topology and magnetism is vital for realizing exotic quantum phenomena,significant examples including quantum anomalous Hall effect,axion insulators,and high-order topological states.These states host great potential for future applications in high-speed and low-consumption electronic devices.Despite being extensively investigated,practical platforms are still scarce.In this work,with molecular beam epitaxy(MBE),we provide the first experimental report on high-quality Bi(110)/CrTe_(2) magnetic heterostructure.By employing in-situ high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy,we are able to examine the interaction between magnetism and topology.There is a potential edge state at an energy level above the Fermi level,but no edge states observed near the Fermi level The absence of high-order topological corner states near EF highlights the importance of lattice matching and interface engineering in designing high-order topological states.Our study provides key insights into the interplay between two-dimensional magnetic and topological materials and offers an important dimension for engineering magnetic topological states.展开更多
In this study,we explore the causes and performance outcomes of switching costs in the context of new product development(NPD)from both the supplier and customer perspectives,and discuss the role that switching costs ...In this study,we explore the causes and performance outcomes of switching costs in the context of new product development(NPD)from both the supplier and customer perspectives,and discuss the role that switching costs play as moderators and mediators in the relationship between social capital and NPD performance.Based on data from 214 Chinese manufacturers,we employ the structural equation model to test our conceptual model and hypotheses.The results indicate that relationship quality and customer involvement positively and negatively affect switching costs,respectively,and that switching costs negatively affect NPD performance.Switching costs mediate and moderate the relationship between social capital and NPD performance.Furthermore,switching costs significantly and positively moderate the relationship between relationship quality and NPD performance.On the other hand,switching costs insignificantly and negatively moderate the relationship between customer involvement and NPD performance.The theoretical and managerial implications of the findings are discussed.展开更多
This study considers a supply chain consisting of a commodity supplier and a final product manufacturer with uncertain demand.In addition to purchasing from the supplier through a forward contract,the manufacturer can...This study considers a supply chain consisting of a commodity supplier and a final product manufacturer with uncertain demand.In addition to purchasing from the supplier through a forward contract,the manufacturer can adjust their inventory by trading the commodity in an online spot market after observing the actual demand.However,the spot market is imperfect in that transactions cannot be certainly realized and come with additional transaction costs.Furthermore,the spot price is volatile such that overly relying on the spot market is unwise.To investigate how the spot market affects the decisions and coordination in a supply chain,we develop a game-theoretical model incorporating spot trading.We derive the optimal ordering decision in a centralized supply chain,as well as the supplier's and manufacturer's equilibrium pricing and ordering decisions in a decentralized supply chain.The impact of the imperfect spot market on the optimal decisions and profits is analyzed.This study also demonstrates how the supply chain can be coordinated in the presence of an imperfect spot market.Finally,a numerical analysis is performed to examine the analytical results.Our results indicate that the spot market can generally improve the performance of the centralized supply chain and benefit the manufacturer in the decentralized one.However,it can be detrimental to the supplier.The supply chain can be coordinated by a revenue-sharing contract,and both parties'profits can be improved.Our findings suggest that the manufacturer could take advantage of the spot market,and the supplier should attempt to integrate or coordinate the supply chain to share the benefits of spot trading.展开更多
文摘The interplay between topology and magnetism is vital for realizing exotic quantum phenomena,significant examples including quantum anomalous Hall effect,axion insulators,and high-order topological states.These states host great potential for future applications in high-speed and low-consumption electronic devices.Despite being extensively investigated,practical platforms are still scarce.In this work,with molecular beam epitaxy(MBE),we provide the first experimental report on high-quality Bi(110)/CrTe_(2) magnetic heterostructure.By employing in-situ high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy,we are able to examine the interaction between magnetism and topology.There is a potential edge state at an energy level above the Fermi level,but no edge states observed near the Fermi level The absence of high-order topological corner states near EF highlights the importance of lattice matching and interface engineering in designing high-order topological states.Our study provides key insights into the interplay between two-dimensional magnetic and topological materials and offers an important dimension for engineering magnetic topological states.
基金supported by the Graduate Research Innovation Project of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(YJSKC-20191001)the Graduate Research Innovation Project of Tianjin(JJ1901010302).
基金supported by the Nature Science Foundation of China,China(No.71832011)Innovation Capability SupportProgram of Shaanxi,China(No.2023-CX-RKX-139)+2 种基金Humanities and Social Science Youth Foundation of Ministry of Educationof China,China(No.22YJC630173)Social Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,China(No.2020R033)the YouthInnovation Team of Shaanxi Universities,China.
文摘In this study,we explore the causes and performance outcomes of switching costs in the context of new product development(NPD)from both the supplier and customer perspectives,and discuss the role that switching costs play as moderators and mediators in the relationship between social capital and NPD performance.Based on data from 214 Chinese manufacturers,we employ the structural equation model to test our conceptual model and hypotheses.The results indicate that relationship quality and customer involvement positively and negatively affect switching costs,respectively,and that switching costs negatively affect NPD performance.Switching costs mediate and moderate the relationship between social capital and NPD performance.Furthermore,switching costs significantly and positively moderate the relationship between relationship quality and NPD performance.On the other hand,switching costs insignificantly and negatively moderate the relationship between customer involvement and NPD performance.The theoretical and managerial implications of the findings are discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1832202,11888101,11920101005,12141402,and 12274459)the Chinese Academy of Sciences(QYZDB-SSW-SLH043,XDB33020100,and XDB28000000)+4 种基金the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(Z171100002017018,and Z200005)the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFE0202600,2022YFA1403100,and 2022YFA1403800)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and Research Funds of Renmin University of China(RUC)(18XNLG14,19XNLG13,19XNLG17,and 20XNH062)the Synergic Extreme Condition User Facility,Beijing,ChinaBeijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics。
基金Major Program of National Social Science Foundation of China(No.20&ZD053)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71971182)+1 种基金Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Foundation of Ministry of Education of China(No.21XJC630004)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.JB210606).
文摘This study considers a supply chain consisting of a commodity supplier and a final product manufacturer with uncertain demand.In addition to purchasing from the supplier through a forward contract,the manufacturer can adjust their inventory by trading the commodity in an online spot market after observing the actual demand.However,the spot market is imperfect in that transactions cannot be certainly realized and come with additional transaction costs.Furthermore,the spot price is volatile such that overly relying on the spot market is unwise.To investigate how the spot market affects the decisions and coordination in a supply chain,we develop a game-theoretical model incorporating spot trading.We derive the optimal ordering decision in a centralized supply chain,as well as the supplier's and manufacturer's equilibrium pricing and ordering decisions in a decentralized supply chain.The impact of the imperfect spot market on the optimal decisions and profits is analyzed.This study also demonstrates how the supply chain can be coordinated in the presence of an imperfect spot market.Finally,a numerical analysis is performed to examine the analytical results.Our results indicate that the spot market can generally improve the performance of the centralized supply chain and benefit the manufacturer in the decentralized one.However,it can be detrimental to the supplier.The supply chain can be coordinated by a revenue-sharing contract,and both parties'profits can be improved.Our findings suggest that the manufacturer could take advantage of the spot market,and the supplier should attempt to integrate or coordinate the supply chain to share the benefits of spot trading.
