DGConv: A Novel Convolutional Neural Network Approach for Weld Seam Depth Image Detection

We propose a novel image segmentation algorithm to tackle the challenge of limited recognition and segmentation performance in identifying welding seam images during robotic intelligent operations.Initially,to enhance the capability of deep neural networks in extracting geometric attributes from depth images,we developed a novel deep geometric convolution operator(DGConv).DGConv is utilized to construct a deep local geometric feature extraction module,facilitating a more comprehensive exploration of the intrinsic geometric information within depth images.Secondly,we integrate the newly proposed deep geometric feature module with the Fully Convolutional Network(FCN8)to establish a high-performance deep neural network algorithm tailored for depth image segmentation.Concurrently,we enhance the FCN8 detection head by separating the segmentation and classification processes.This enhancement significantly boosts the network’s overall detection capability.Thirdly,for a comprehensive assessment of our proposed algorithm and its applicability in real-world industrial settings,we curated a line-scan image dataset featuring weld seams.This dataset,named the Standardized Linear Depth Profile(SLDP)dataset,was collected from actual industrial sites where autonomous robots are in operation.Ultimately,we conducted experiments utilizing the SLDP dataset,achieving an average accuracy of 92.7%.Our proposed approach exhibited a remarkable performance improvement over the prior method on the identical dataset.Moreover,we have successfully deployed the proposed algorithm in genuine industrial environments,fulfilling the prerequisites of unmanned robot operations.

Charge self-consistent dynamical mean field theory calculations incombination with linear combination of numerical atomic orbitalsframework based density functional theory

We present a formalism of charge self-consistent dynamical mean field theory(DMFT)in combination with densityfunctional theory(DFT)within the linear combination of numerical atomic orbitals(LCNAO)framework.We implementedthe charge self-consistent DFT+DMFT formalism by interfacing a full-potential all-electron DFT code with threehybridization expansion-based continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo impurity solvers.The benchmarks on several 3d,4fand 5f strongly correlated electron systems validated our formalism and implementation.Furthermore,within the LCANOframework,our formalism is general and the code architecture is extensible,so it can work as a bridge merging differentLCNAO DFT packages and impurity solvers to do charge self-consistent DFT+DMFT calculations.

基于范希尔几何水平理论的“祖暅原理与几何体的体积”教学设计

“祖暅原理几何体的体积”既是对前面教材内容知识理解的深入,也是对学生理性精神、探索能力的推进,体现了新课标对数学教学提出的新要求。针对学生学习这一内容时存在的理解不深、掌握不牢、应用不广的问题,借助范希尔几何水平理论,设计了探究祖暅原理的五个阶段:学前咨询、引导定向、阐明、自由定向、整合,以期为提升教师的教学能力和学生的有效学习提供助力。

Clinical safety and efficacy of allogenic human adipose mesenchymal stromal cells-derived exosomes in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease:a phaseⅠ/Ⅱclinical trial

Background There have been no effective treatments for slowing or reversing Alzheimer’s disease(AD)until now.Growing preclinical evidence,including this study,suggests that mesenchymal stem cells-secreted exosomes(MSCs-Exos)have the potential to cure AD.Aims The first three-arm,drug-intervention,phase I/II clinical trial was conducted to explore the safety and efficacy of allogenic human adipose MSCs-Exos(ahaMSCs-Exos)in patients with mild to moderate AD.Methods The eligible subjects were assigned to one of three dosage groups,intranasally administrated with ahaMSCs-Exos two times per week for 12 weeks,and underwent follow-up visits at weeks 16,24,36 and 48.Results No adverse events were reported.In the medium-dose arm,Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale–Cognitive section(ADAS-cog)scores decreased by 2.33(1.19)and the basic version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores increased by 2.38(0.58)at week 12 compared with baseline levels,indicating improved cognitive function.Moreover,the ADAS-cog scores in the medium-dose arm decreased continuously by 3.98 points until week 36.There were no significant differences in altered amyloid or tau deposition among the three arms,but hippocampal volume shrank less in the medium-dose arm to some extent.Conclusions Intranasal administration of ahaMSCs-Exos was safe and well tolerated,and a dose of at least 4×10^(8)particles could be selected for further clinical trials.

吡咯锂的合成、表征及晶体结构

高效储氢材料的缺乏是制约氢能大规模应用的主要瓶颈之一。有机液态储氢材料是一类具有前景的体系,但是仍然面临吸放氢热力学性质差等难题。作者在前期提出了一种金属取代策略,即碱(土)金属取代有机物中的活泼氢,优化了有机储氢材料的热力学性质。基于此,我们开发了一系列金属有机氢化物储氢材料。然而在这些材料中,金属吡咯盐的合成方法及性质并没有被详细地研究,同时吡咯锂这种新物质的晶体结构尚未解析。在本工作中,我们采用球磨法和湿化学法两种合成方法制备了吡咯锂和吡咯钠两种物质,并利用核磁共振、X射线衍射、紫外可见吸收光谱等技术对材料进行了详细的表征。晶体结构解析发现,吡咯锂为单斜晶系,P2_(1/c)(14)空间群,晶胞参数为a=4.4364(7)A、b=11.969(2)A、c=8.192(2)A、β=108.789(8)°和V=411.8(2)A^(3)。在晶体结构中,每个锂离子被三个吡咯离子包围,其中包括两个Li-N形成的σ键和一种阳离子–π相互作用,并由此形成了三维网络结构。这些特征不同于文献中对咔唑锂的理论预测。

Macro/meso failure behavior of surrounding rock in deep roadway and its control technology

Engineering disasters occur frequently and violently with the increase in mining depth, which is mostly due to insufficient study on the failure mechanism of the deep rock mass. In this paper, theoretical and experimental researches on the failure behaviors and deformation control of deep surrounding rock in recent years were reviewed. Macro/meso failure mechanism of deep rock or coal-rock combined body under different loading conditions have been systematically investigated. Stress gradient failure theory of surrounding rock, uniform strength support in the deep roadway, and the analogous hyperbola movement model of overlying strata were preliminary established and a combined grouting control technology for surface and underground was proposed. Abovementioned achievements are expected to offer theoretical bases and technical supports for the exploitation of China's deep mineral resources in the future.

The China Alzheimer Report 2022

China’s population has rapidly aged over the recent decades of social and economic development as neurodegenerative disorders have proliferated,especially Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and related dementias(ADRD).AD’s incidence rate,morbidity,and mortality have steadily increased to make it presently the fifth leading cause of death among urban and rural residents in China and magnify the resulting financial burdens on individuals,families and society.The‘Healthy China Action’plan of 2019-2030 promotes the transition from disease treatment to health maintenance for this expanding population with ADRD.This report describes related epidemiological trends,evaluates the economic burden of the disease,outlines current clinical diagnosis and treatment status and delineates existing available public health resources.More specifically,it examines the public health impact of ADRD,including prevalence,mortality,costs,usage of care,and the overall effect on caregivers and society.In addition,this special report presents technical guidance and supports for the prevention and treatment of AD,provides expertise to guide relevant governmental healthcare policy development and suggests an information platform for international exchange and cooperation.

Mesoscale fracture behavior of Longmaxi outcrop shale with different bedding angles:Experimental and numerical investigations

The mechanical properties and fracturing mechanism of shale containing beddings are critically important in shale gas exploitation and wellbore stability.To investigate the effects of shale bedding on crack behavior and fracturing mechanism,scanning electron microscope(SEM)with a loading system was employed to carry out three-point bending tests on Longmaxi outcrop shale.The crack initiation and propagation of Longmaxi shale were observed and recorded by taking photos during loading.The cracking paths were extracted to calculate the crack length through a MATLAB program.The peak load,fracture toughness and fracture energy all increase with the bedding angle from 0°to 90°.The crack length and energy were also found to increase with the bedding angle in the range of 0°-600 and then drop slightly.The fracturing mechanism of shale includes the main crack affected by the bedding angle and disturbed by randomly distributed particles.The main cracking path was accompanied by several microcrack branches which could form an interconnected crack system.When the main crack encounters larger sedimentary particles,it will deflect around the particles and then restore to the initial direction.A numerical technique using extended finite element method(XFEM)coupled with anisotropic cohesive damage criteria was developed,which is able to capture the dependence of crack propagations on bedding angle and sedimentary particles.This study sheds light on understanding and predicting mesoscale fracture behavior of shale with different bedding angles.

End-to-end Delay Analysis for Mixed-criticality WirelessHART Networks

WirelessHART, as a robust and reliable wireless protocol, has been widely-used in industrial wireless sensoractuator networks. Its real-time performance has been extensively studied, but limited to the single criticality case. Many advanced applications have mixed-criticality communications, where different data flows come with different levels of importance or criticality. Hence, in this paper, we study the real-time mixedcriticality communication using WirelessHART protocol, and propose an end-to-end delay analysis approach based on fixed priority scheduling. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that introduces the concept of mixed-criticality into wireless sensor-actuator networks. Evaluation results show the effectiveness and efficacy of our approach. © 2014 Chinese Association of Automation.

Influence of environmental data of different sources on marine species habitat modeling:A case study for Ommastrephes bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean

The quality of environmental data and its possible impact on the marine species habitat modelling are often overlooked while the sources for these data are increasing.This study selected sea surface temperature(SST)from two commonly used sources,the NOAA Ocean Watch and IRI/LDEO Climate Data Library,and then constructed habitat suitability index model to evaluate the influences of SST from the two sources on the outcomes of Ommastrephes bartramii habitat models for the months of July–October in the Northwest Pacific Ocean during 1996–2012.This study examined the differences in the amount of estimated unfavourable/favourable habitat area when the SST used for model building and inference were the same or different.Dynamics in suitable habitat area calculated from SST was insensitive to the two different SST products.In the fishing season of O.bartramii,the changes of magnitude and trend of monthly suitable habitat area in August and September were similar over time,whereas there were large differences for July and October.Importantly,there is a substantial lack of consistency in the O.bartramii habitat distribution based on SST of two sources.This study considered the sources of environmental data for habitat modelling and then inferred species habitat distribution whether by the same or different data source.

Sb_2Te_3 mode-locked ultrafast fiber laser at 1.93μm

Ultrafast pulse generation was demonstrated in thulium doped fiber laser mode locked by magnetron sputtering de- posited Sb2Te3 with the modulation depth, non-saturable loss, and saturable intensity of 38%, 31.2%, and 3.3 MW/cm2, respectively. Stable soliton pulses emitting at 1930.07 nm were obtained with pulse duration of 1.24 ps, a 3-dB spectral bandwidth of 3.87 nm, an average output power of 130 mW, and signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） of 84 dB. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of Sb2Te3-based SA in fiber lasers at 2-p.m regime. Ultrafast pulse generation was demonstrated in thulium doped fiber laser mode locked by magnetron sputtering de- posited Sb2Te3 with the modulation depth, non-saturable loss, and saturable intensity of 38%, 31.2%, and 3.3 MW/cm2, respectively. Stable soliton pulses emitting at 1930.07 nm were obtained with pulse duration of 1.24 ps, a 3-dB spectral bandwidth of 3.87 nm, an average output power of 130 mW, and signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） of 84 dB. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of Sb2Te3-based SA in fiber lasers at 2-p.m regime.

E674Q(Shanghai APP mutant),a novel amyloid precursor protein mutation,in familial late-onset Alzheimer's disease

Identified as the pathogenic genes of Alzheimer's disease(AD),APP,PSEN1,and PSEN2 mainly lead to early-onset AD,whose course is more aggressive,and atypical symptoms are more common than sporadic AD.Here,a novel missense mutation,APP E674Q(also named“Shanghai APP”),was detected in a Chinese index patient with typical late-onset AD(LOAD)who developed memory decline in his mid-70s.The results from neuroimaging were consistent with AD,where widespread amyloidβdeposition was demonstrated in 18 F-florbetapir Positron Emission Tomography(PET).APP E674Q is close to theβ-secretase cleavage site and the well-studied Swedish APP mutation(KM670/671NL),which was predicted to be pathogenic in silico.Molecular dynamics simulation indicated that the E674Q mutation resulted in a rearrangement of the interaction mode between APP and BACE1 and that the E674Q mutation was more prone to cleavage by BACE1.The in vitro results suggested that the E674Q mutation was pathogenic by facilitating the BACE1-mediated processing of APP and the production of Aβ.Furthermore,we applied an adeno-associated virus(AAV)-mediated transfer of the human E674Q mutant APP gene to the hippocampi of two-month-old C57Bl/6 J mice.AAV-E674Q-injected mice exhibited impaired learning behavior and increased pathological burden in the brain,implying that the E674Q mutation had a pathogenicity that bore a comparison with the classical Swedish mutation.Collectively,we report a strong amyloidogenic effect of the E674Q substitution in AD.To our knowledge,E674Q is the only pathogenic mutation within the amyloid processing sequence causing LOAD.

UAV Swarm Control Based on Hybrid Bionic Swarm Intelligence

Inspired by the pigeon behavior pattern,this paper proposes an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)swarm control scheme based on hybrid bionic sw arm intelligence,which can realize multi-UAV obstacle avoidance d uring formation control.First,the leadership mechanism of pigeon flock is mapped to UAV swamm,and the virtual leaders are introduced to solve the unfixed relative position of level-1 leader problem.Second,the control law for UAV swarm formation is designed based on artificial potential field theory and analysis of the bionic mechanism.To avoid local minima,a guidance phase is added to the UAV formation process.By analyzing the flocking algorithm,a cooperative interaction control model of UAV swarm is established.Third,the coopentive interactive control law for UAV sw arm obstacle avoidance is proposed based on improved artifcial potential feld function.Then the two bionic swarm control models are combined to realize the formation and obstacle avoidance of UAV swarm based on mixed bionic swarm intelligence.Finally,a series of simulations are conducted to demonstrate the proposed hybrid UAV sw arm control algorithm.

Experimental demonstration of phase-sensitive multimode continuous variable quantum key distribution with improved secure key rate

We develop and experimentally demonstrate a phase-sensitive continuous variable quantum key distribution system with improved secure key rate.This is achieved using multimode coherent states with phase-conjugated subcarrier modulation and phase-sensitive detection.The local oscillator for phase-sensitive detection is regenerated from a polarization-multiplexed carrier wave via optical injection locking.The proposed scheme has a higher classical information capacity at a given number of received photons and exhibits a higher secure key rate when applying the security analysis of the GG02 protocol.Experimental results confirm the higher secret key rate and better excess noise tolerance of the new scheme compared to the typical implementation of GG02.

面向智能电力的无线光技术研究与进展

随着各种新兴信息技术与电力电网的融合进一步走向深入,依托并服务于智能电力的多种无线光技术方案先后被提出,并形成了初步的规模。分别从电力线通信与可见光通信融合的信道特性及传输方案、混合射频电力可见光通信、电力无线光室内定位与中继、高压线路无线光监测等诸多方面阐述智能电力无线光技术的主要分类与前沿进展。结合多款原型实验,介绍了目前各类智能电力无线光技术方案在传输速率、覆盖范围、定位精度、能耗水平等方面所能达到的主要技术指标水平;最后给出智能电力无线光技术所面临的主要挑战与潜在的解决途径。

High energy soliton pulse generation by a magnetron-sputtering-deposition-grown MoTe_2 saturable absorber

The pulse energy in the ultrafast soliton fiber laser oscillators is usually limited by the well-known wave-breaking phenomenon owing to the absence era desirable real saturable absorber （SA） with high power tolerance and large modulation depth. Here, we report a type of microfiber-based MoTe2 SA fabricated by the magnetron-sputtering deposition （MSD） method. High-energy wave-breaking free soliton pulses were generated with pulse duration/pulse energy/average output power of 229 fs/2.14 nJ/57 mW in the 1.5 μm regime and 1.3 ps/13.8 nJ/ 212 mW in the 2 μm regime, respectively. To our knowledge, the generated soliton pulses at 1.5μm had the shortest pulse duration and the highest output power among the reported erbium-doped fiber lasers mode locked by transition metal dichalcogenides. Moreover, this was the first demonstration of a MoTe2-based SA in fiber lasers in the 2 ltm regime, and the pulse energy/output power are the highest in the reported thulium-doped fiber lasers mode locked by two-dlmensional materials. Our results suggest that a microfiber-based MoTe2 SA could be used as an excellent photonic device for ultrafast pulse generation, and the MSD technique opens a promising route to produce a high-performance SA with high power tolerance and large modulation depth, which are beneficial for high-energy wave-breaking free pulse generation.

Convergence of Broadband and Broadcast/Multicast in Maritime Information Networks

Recently,the fifth-generation(5G)of wireless networks mainly focuses on the terrestrial applications.However,the well-developed emerging technologies in 5G are hardly applied to the maritime communications,resulting from the lack of communication infrastructure deployed on the vast ocean,as well as different characteristics of wireless propagation environment over the sea and maritime user distribution.To satisfy the expected plethora of broadband communications and multimedia applications on the ocean,a brand-new maritime information network with a comprehensive coverage capacity in terms of all-hour,all-weather,and all-sea-area has been expected as a revolutionary paradigm to extend the terrestrial capacity of enhanced broadband,massive access,ultra-reliable,and low-latency to the vast ocean.Further considering the limited available resource of maritime communication infrastructure,the convergence of broadband and broadcast/multicast can be regarded as a possible yet practical solution for realizing an efficient and flexible resource configuration with high quality of services.Moreover,according to such multi-functionality and all-coverage maritime information network,the monitoring and sensing of vast ocean area relying on massive Ocean of Things and advanced radar techniques can be also supported.Concerning these issues above,this study proposes a Software Defined Networking(SDN)based Maritime Giant Cellular Network(MagicNet)architecture for broadband and multimedia services.Based on this network,the convergence techniques of broadband and broadcast/multicast,and their supporting for maritime monitoring and marine sensing are also introduced and surveyed.

Stable and highly efficient perovskite solar cells:Doping hydrophobic fluoride into hole transport material PTAA

Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have rapidly developed in the past few years,with a record efficiency exceeding 25%.However,the long-term stability of PSCs remains a challenge and limits their practical application.Many high-performance PSCs have an n-i-p device architecture employing 4-tert-butylpyridine(t-BP)and bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium salt(Li-TFSI)as bi-dopants for the hole-transporting layer(HTL).However,the hygroscopicity of Li-TFSI and low boiling point of t-BP negatively impact the moisture stability of these PSC devices.Herein,we report the use of the fluorine-containing hydrophobic compound tris(pentafluorophenyl)phosphine(35FP)as a dopant for poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine](PTAA).With better hydrophobicity and stability than undoped PTAA,a PSC device containing 35FP-doped PTAA demonstrated improved charge transport properties and reduced trap density,leading to a significant enhancement in performance.In addition,the long-term stability of a 35FP-doped PTAA PSC under air exposure without encapsulation was demonstrated,with 80%of the initial device efficiency maintained for 1,000 h.This work provides a new approach for the fabrication of efficient and stable PSCs to explore hydrophobic dopants as a substitute for hydrophilic Li-TFSI/t-BP.

Research and application of kapok fiber as an absorbing material: A mini review

Kapok fiber corresponds to the seed hairs of the kapok tree（Ceiba pentandra）, and is a typical cellulosic fiber with the features of thin cell wall, large lumen, low density and hydrophobic–oleophilic properties. As a type of renewable natural plant fiber, kapok fiber is abundant,biocompatible and biodegradable, and its full exploration and potential application have received increasing attention in both academic and industrial fields. Based on the structure and properties of kapok fiber, this review provides a summary of recent research on kapok fiber including chemical and physical treatments, kapok fiber-based composite materials, and the application of kapok fiber as an absorbent material for oils, metal ions, dyes, and sound,with special attention to its use as an oil-absorbing material, one predominant application of kapok fiber in the coming future.

Investigation of acetylated kapok fibers on the sorption of oil in water

Kapok fibers have been acetylated for oil spill cleanup in the aqueous environment. The structures of raw and acetylated kapok fiber were characterized using Fourier transform infrared （FT-IR） spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. Without severe damage to the lumen structures, the kapok fibers were successfully acetylated and the resulting fibers exhibited a better oil sorption capacity than raw fibers for diesel and soybean oil. Compared with high viscosity soybean oil, low viscosity diesel shows a better affinity to the surface of acetylated fibers. Sorption kinetics is fitted well by the pseudo second-order model, and the equilibrium data can be described by the Freundlich isotherm model. The results implied that acetylated kapok fiber can be used as the substitute for non-biodegradable oil sorption materials.