The erosion loss of cathode is essential for the lifetime of magnetoplasmadynamic thruster(MPDT).In this work,an endurance test system for MPDT cathodes was designed and developed,and the erosion characteristics,erosi...The erosion loss of cathode is essential for the lifetime of magnetoplasmadynamic thruster(MPDT).In this work,an endurance test system for MPDT cathodes was designed and developed,and the erosion characteristics,erosion rate and erosion mechanism of the cathode were studied using the system under vacuum condition.The WCe20 hollow cathode was selected to carry out the long-term erosion of 540 h with the argon propellant supply flow rate of40 ml min^(-1),the input current of 25 A,and the central magnetic field intensity of 96 Gs.In order to predict the theoretical service life of cathode,a steady state erosion numerical model was established.The calculation results show that the total erosion rate of sputtering and evaporation is 11.58 mg h^(-1),which is slightly smaller than the test data of the average cathode corrosion rate of 12.70 mg h^(-1) in the experiment,because the experimental value includes start-up erosion rate.展开更多
A new terrella-like device for laboratory simulation of inner magnetosphere plasmas,Dipole Research Experiment,is scheduled to be built at the Harbin Institute of Technology（HIT）,China,as a major state scientific re...A new terrella-like device for laboratory simulation of inner magnetosphere plasmas,Dipole Research Experiment,is scheduled to be built at the Harbin Institute of Technology（HIT）,China,as a major state scientific research facility for space physics studies.It is designed to provide a ground experimental platform to reproduce the inner magnetosphere to simulate the processes of trapping,acceleration,and transport of energetic charged particles restrained in a dipole magnetic field configuration.The scaling relation of hydromagnetism between the laboratory plasma of the device and the geomagnetosphere plasma is applied to resemble geospace processes in the Dipole Research Experiment plasma.Multiple plasma sources,different kinds of coils with specific functions,and advanced diagnostics are designed to be equipped in the facility for multi-functions.The motivation,design criteria for the Dipole Research Experiment experiments and the means applied to generate the plasma of desired parameters in the laboratory are also described.展开更多
Fusion energy is a promising source of clean energy,which could solve energy shortages and environmental pollution.Research into controlled fusion energy has been ongoing for over half a century.China has created a cl...Fusion energy is a promising source of clean energy,which could solve energy shortages and environmental pollution.Research into controlled fusion energy has been ongoing for over half a century.China has created a clear roadmap for magnetic confinement fusion development,where superconducting tokamaks will be used in commercial fusion reactors.The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST)is the world’s first fully superconducting tokamak with upper and lower divertors,which aims at longpulse,steady-state,H-mode operation,and 101-s H-mode discharge had been achieved.In 2007,China joined the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER)and became one of its seven members.Thirteen procurement packages are undertaken by China,covering superconducting magnets,power supplies,plasma-facing components(PFCs),diagnostics,etc.To bridge the gap between the ITER and fusion demonstration power plants(DEMOs),China is planning to build the Chinese Fusion Engineering Testing Reactor(CFETR)to demonstrate related technologies and physics models.The engineering design of the CFETR was completed in 2020,and Comprehensive Research Facilities for Fusion Technology(CRAFT)are being constructed to explore the key technologies used in the CFETR.展开更多
文摘The erosion loss of cathode is essential for the lifetime of magnetoplasmadynamic thruster(MPDT).In this work,an endurance test system for MPDT cathodes was designed and developed,and the erosion characteristics,erosion rate and erosion mechanism of the cathode were studied using the system under vacuum condition.The WCe20 hollow cathode was selected to carry out the long-term erosion of 540 h with the argon propellant supply flow rate of40 ml min^(-1),the input current of 25 A,and the central magnetic field intensity of 96 Gs.In order to predict the theoretical service life of cathode,a steady state erosion numerical model was established.The calculation results show that the total erosion rate of sputtering and evaporation is 11.58 mg h^(-1),which is slightly smaller than the test data of the average cathode corrosion rate of 12.70 mg h^(-1) in the experiment,because the experimental value includes start-up erosion rate.
文摘A new terrella-like device for laboratory simulation of inner magnetosphere plasmas,Dipole Research Experiment,is scheduled to be built at the Harbin Institute of Technology（HIT）,China,as a major state scientific research facility for space physics studies.It is designed to provide a ground experimental platform to reproduce the inner magnetosphere to simulate the processes of trapping,acceleration,and transport of energetic charged particles restrained in a dipole magnetic field configuration.The scaling relation of hydromagnetism between the laboratory plasma of the device and the geomagnetosphere plasma is applied to resemble geospace processes in the Dipole Research Experiment plasma.Multiple plasma sources,different kinds of coils with specific functions,and advanced diagnostics are designed to be equipped in the facility for multi-functions.The motivation,design criteria for the Dipole Research Experiment experiments and the means applied to generate the plasma of desired parameters in the laboratory are also described.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Programof China under contract 2017YFE0300500the Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology Program of China under contract 2018-000052-73-01-001228.
文摘Fusion energy is a promising source of clean energy,which could solve energy shortages and environmental pollution.Research into controlled fusion energy has been ongoing for over half a century.China has created a clear roadmap for magnetic confinement fusion development,where superconducting tokamaks will be used in commercial fusion reactors.The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST)is the world’s first fully superconducting tokamak with upper and lower divertors,which aims at longpulse,steady-state,H-mode operation,and 101-s H-mode discharge had been achieved.In 2007,China joined the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER)and became one of its seven members.Thirteen procurement packages are undertaken by China,covering superconducting magnets,power supplies,plasma-facing components(PFCs),diagnostics,etc.To bridge the gap between the ITER and fusion demonstration power plants(DEMOs),China is planning to build the Chinese Fusion Engineering Testing Reactor(CFETR)to demonstrate related technologies and physics models.The engineering design of the CFETR was completed in 2020,and Comprehensive Research Facilities for Fusion Technology(CRAFT)are being constructed to explore the key technologies used in the CFETR.
