聚乙二醇@聚乙烯醇同轴相变纤维的储热特性

以具有高相变焓的聚乙二醇(PEG 4000)为核层相变材料(PCM)、聚乙烯醇(PVA)为壳层支撑材料、绿色溶剂水为壳层和核层材料溶剂,通过同轴静电纺丝制备出不同核层纺丝液浓度、进液速度的核-壳相变纤维。扫描电镜和透射电镜照片显示,在PEG质量分数为45%、进液速度为0.06 mL/h时,PEG@PVA具有良好的形貌及较高含量的PEG,相变纤维核壳分界面明显。红外光谱分析显示,PEG与PVA化学相容性良好;差示扫描量热分析和热重分析表明,PEG@PVA熔融温度为62.8℃,熔融焓为86.40 J/g,封装效率为42.2%,并且相变纤维膜起始热分解温度较高,在经过500次热循环实验后,熔融焓约损失3.1%,仍能保持绝大部分相变能力;导热测试表明,PEG@PVA膜的热导率介于壳层PVA与核层PEG之间;模拟PEG@PVA膜在工作环境中的温度变化得到温度-时间曲线,结果表明,相变纤维膜可以有效地调节微环境的温度。

A hierarchical enhanced data-driven battery pack capacity estimation framework for real-world operating conditions with fewer labeled data

Battery pack capacity estimation under real-world operating conditions is important for battery performance optimization and health management,contributing to the reliability and longevity of batterypowered systems.However,complex operating conditions,coupling cell-to-cell inconsistency,and limited labeled data pose great challenges to accurate and robust battery pack capacity estimation.To address these issues,this paper proposes a hierarchical data-driven framework aimed at enhancing the training of machine learning models with fewer labeled data.Unlike traditional data-driven methods that lack interpretability,the hierarchical data-driven framework unveils the“mechanism”of the black box inside the data-driven framework by splitting the final estimation target into cell-level and pack-level intermediate targets.A generalized feature matrix is devised without requiring all cell voltages,significantly reducing the computational cost and memory resources.The generated intermediate target labels and the corresponding features are hierarchically employed to enhance the training of two machine learning models,effectively alleviating the difficulty of learning the relationship from all features due to fewer labeled data and addressing the dilemma of requiring extensive labeled data for accurate estimation.Using only 10%of degradation data,the proposed framework outperforms the state-of-the-art battery pack capacity estimation methods,achieving mean absolute percentage errors of 0.608%,0.601%,and 1.128%for three battery packs whose degradation load profiles represent real-world operating conditions.Its high accuracy,adaptability,and robustness indicate the potential in different application scenarios,which is promising for reducing laborious and expensive aging experiments at the pack level and facilitating the development of battery technology.

Automatic detection method of bladder tumor cells based on color and shape features

Bladder urothelial carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor disease in urinary system,and its incidence rate ranks ninth in the world.In recent years,the continuous development of hyperspectral imaging technology has provided a new tool for the auxiliary diagnosis of bladder cancer.In this study,based on microscopic hyperspectral data,an automatic detection algorithm of bladder tumor cells combining color features and shape features is proposed.Support vector machine(SVM)is used to build classification models and compare the classification performance of spectral feature,spectral and shape fusion feature,and the fusion feature proposed in this paper on the same classifier.The results show that the sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of our classification algorithm based on shape and color fusion features are 0.952,0.897,and 0.920,respectively,which are better than the classification algorithm only using spectral features.Therefore,this study can effectively extract the cell features of bladder urothelial carcinoma smear,thus achieving automatic,real-time,and noninvasive detection of bladder tumor cells,and then helping doctors improve the efficiency of pathological diagnosis of bladder urothelial cancer,and providing a reliable basis for doctors to choose treatment plans and judge the prognosis of the disease.

印尼基础教育数字化转型的动因、措施和瓶颈

尽管印尼通过教育数字化行动战略应对教育不公问题取得了实质性进展,但其在数字化转型进程中也遇到教育数字基建的可及性缺陷、教师数字胜任力水平不高、教育数字化治理和监管难题等一系列困境。从战略推进结果来看,成效主要集中在五个方面:一是以信息通信技术作为教育数字基建的重心;二是鼓励多元主体协作;三是加强教师信息通信技术应用培训;四是创新信息通信技术课程内容与标准;五是着力培养儿童的信息通信技术素养。印尼基础教育数字化转型的启示在于:一是应由政府主导教育的数字基建;二是避免教育科技企业的过度渗透;三是强化基础教育数字化服务能力建设。

Surface Quality Improvement in Machining an Aluminum Honeycomb by Ice Fixation

A honeycomb structure is widely used in sandwich structure components in aeronautics and astronautics;however,machining is required to reveal some of its features.In honeycomb structures,deficiencies,such as burrs,edge subsiding,and cracking,can easily appear,owing to poor specific sti ness in the radial direction.Some e ective fixation methods based on a filling principle have been applied by researchers,including approaches based on wax,polyethylene glycol,iron powder,and(especially)ice.However,few studies have addressed the optimization of the cutting parameters.This study focused on optimizing the cutting parameters to obtain a better surface roughness(calculated as a roughness average or Ra)and surface morphology in the machining of an aluminum alloy honeycomb by an ice fixation method.A Taguchi method and an analysis of variance were used to analyze the e ects and contributions of spindle speed,cutting depth,and feed rate.The optimal cutting parameters were determined using the signal-to-noise ratio combined with the surface morphology.An F-value and P-value were calculated for the value of the Ra,according to a"smaller is better"model.Additionally,the optimum cutting parameters for machining the aluminum honeycomb by ice fixation were found at different levels.The results of this study showed that the optimal parameters were a feed rate of 50 mm/min,cutting depth of 1.2 mm,and spindle speed of 4000 r/min.Feed rate was the most significant factor for minimizing Ra and improving the surface morphology,followed by spindle speed.The cutting depth had little e ect on Ra and surface morphology.After optimization,the value of Ra could reach 0.218μm,and no surface morphology deterioration was observed in the verified experiment.Thus,this research proposes optimal parameters based on ice fixation for improving the surface quality.

Low intensity near-infrared light promotes bone regeneration via circadian clock protein cryptochrome 1

Bone regeneration remains a great clinical challenge. Low intensity near-infrared(NIR) light showed strong potential to promote tissue regeneration, offering a promising strategy for bone defect regeneration. However, the effect and underlying mechanism of NIR on bone regeneration remain unclear. We demonstrated that bone regeneration in the rat skull defect model was significantly accelerated with low-intensity NIR stimulation. In vitro studies showed that NIR stimulation could promote the osteoblast differentiation in bone mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) and MC3T3-E1 cells, which was associated with increased ubiquitination of the core circadian clock protein Cryptochrome 1(CRY1) in the nucleus. We found that the reduction of CRY1 induced by NIR light activated the bone morphogenetic protein(BMP) signaling pathways, promoting SMAD1/5/9 phosphorylation and increasing the expression levels of Runx2 and Osterix. NIR light treatment may act through sodium voltage-gated channel Scn4a, which may be a potential responder of NIR light to accelerate bone regeneration. Together, these findings suggest that low-intensity NIR light may promote in situ bone regeneration in a CRY1-dependent manner, providing a novel, efficient and non-invasive strategy to promote bone regeneration for clinical bone defects.

Linear polarization holography

Polarization holography is a newly researched field,that has gained traction with the development of tensor theory.It primarily focuses on the interaction between polarization waves and photosensitive materials.The extraordinary capabil-ities in modulating the amplitude,phase,and polarization of light have resulted in several new applications,such as holo-graphic storage technology,multichannel polarization multiplexing,vector beams,and optical functional devices.In this paper,fundamental research on polarization holography with linear polarized wave,a component of the theory of polariz-ation holography,has been reviewed.Primarily,the effect of various polarization changes on the linear and nonlinear po-larization characteristics of reconstructed wave under continuous exposure and during holographic recording and recon-struction have been focused upon.The polarization modulation realized using these polarization characteristics exhibits unusual functionalities,rendering polarization holography as an attractive research topic in many fields of applications.This paper aims to provide readers with new insights and broaden the application of polarization holography in more sci-entific and technological research fields.

Effects of Different Dietary Energy and Protein Levels on Meat Performance and Meat Quality of Jinghai Yellow Chickens

To investigate the effect of different dietary energy and protein levels on meat performance and meat quality of Jinghai yellow chickens, 480 43-day old Jinghai yellow chickens with similar weight were randomly divided into four experimental groups： experimental group 1 （protein 15%, metabolic energy 9.95 MJ/kg）, experimental group 2 （protein 16%, metabolic energy 10.95 MJ/kg）, experimental group 3 （protein 17%, metabolic energy 12.65 MJ/kg） and experimental group 4 （ protein 18%, metabolic energy 13.95 MJ/kg）, respectively. All chickens were slaughtered at 112-day old. The breast and leg muscles of Jinghai yellow chickens were collected, to determine the slaughter performance, conventional meat quality and muscle chemical indicators. The results indicated that dressing-out percentage and eviscerated yield percentage in four experimental groups were above 87.27% and 67.00%, respectively; other slaughter performance indicators exhibited no significant differences among various groups （P 〉 0.05 ） ; breast muscle color of hens in experimental group 4 varied significantly from that in other three groups （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; leg muscle color of hens in experimental group 2 varied extremely significantly from that in other three groups （ P 〈 0.01 ） ; water-holding capacity of breast muscles of hens in experimental group 3 was significantly higher than that in experimental group 4 （P 〈 0.05 ） ; thiamine content of breast muscles of cocks in experimental group 3 was significandy higher than that in experimental group 2 （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; however, other properties exhibited no significant differenees among various groups （P 〉 0.05 ）.

Dynamic MmWave Channel Reconstruction of MIMO OTA Testing for Handover Scenarios

The evaluation of handover performance is essential for ensuring seamless user experience under innovative application scenarios in the fifth generation(5G)and beyond era,including autonomous driving,mobile augmented and virtual reality.However,due to the hardware constrains of a sectored multiprobe anechoic chamber(SMPAC),switching among multiple channel models is of low precision with a high cost in traditional over-the-air(OTA)test solutions.In this paper,we present an efficient and repeatable emulation strategy to reconstruct dynamic millimeter-wave(mm Wave)channels in laboratories for multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)mobile devices.Firstly,we propose a novel evaluation metric,called average power angular spectrum similarity percentage(APSP),which minimizes the unexpected impact induced by the indefinite condition of adaptive antenna arrays in mm Wave terminals during handover process.Moreover,we propose a partitioned probe configuration strategy by designing a beam directivitybased switching circuit,which enables quick changes of probe configurations in SMPAC.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms,thus providing a guideline for the reconstruction of the dynamic channel in different scenarios with resource limitation.

Research on Optimizing Computer Network Structure based on Genetic Algorithm and Modified Convex Optimization Theory

In this paper, we report in-depth analysis and research on the optimizing computer network structure based on genetic algorithm and modified convex optimization theory. Machine learning method has been widely used in the background and one of its core problems is to solve the optimization problem. Unlike traditional batch algorithm, stochastic gradient descent algorithm in each iteration calculation, the optimization of a single sample point only losses could greatly reduce the memory overhead. The experiment illustrates the feasibility of our proposed approach.

Design of Virtual Simulation Experiment System based on VB and VRML

This paper introduces the design and Realization of NC simulation teaching system based on VB and VRML technology. The paper realize functions using the new Parallel development platform launched by Graphics Company for VRML environment （Cortona SDK）, and uses the object oriented programming method based on ActiveX technology in the technical system. Practice has proved that the system has good stability and strong simulation function.

Design and motion control analysis of double helix wall climbing robot

For the detection environment of complex walls such as high-rise buildings,a double helix wall climbing robot(DHWCR)with strong adsorption force and good stability is designed and developed,which uses symmetrical propellers to provide adsorption force.The symmetrical driving structure can provide smooth thrust for the DHWCR,so that the robot can be absorbed to the wall surface with different roughness.A left and right control frame with multiple degrees of freedom is designed,which can adjust the fixed position of the brushless propeller motor in the front and back directions,realize the continuous adjustable thrust direction of the robot,and improve the flexibility of the robot movement.Using the front wheel steering mechanism with universal joint,the steering control of the DHWCR is realized by differential control.In the vertical to ground transition,the front and rear brushless motors can provide the pull up and oblique thrust,so that the DHWCR can smoothly transition to the vertical wall.The motion performance and adaptability of the DHWCR in the horizontal ground and vertical wall environment are tested.The results show that the DHWCR can switch motion between the horizontal ground and vertical wall,and can stably adsorb on the vertical wall with flexible attitude control.The DHWCR can move at a fast speed.The speed on the horizontal ground is higher than that on the vertical wall,which verifies the feasibility and reliability of the DHWCR moving stably on the vertical wall.

Comparison of the effects and mechanisms of Alismatis Rhizoma with and without salt processing in ameliorating edema due to kidney Yin deficiency based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and transcriptomics

Salt-processed Alismatis Rhizoma(SAR)is extensively used in clinical practice and exhibits a more robust urination-promoting effect than Alismatis Rhizoma(AR).This study employed ultra-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)and pattern analysis to compare the terpenoids between AR and SAR.Additionally,this study compared the effects of AR and SAR on the gene expression in the kidneys of the rat model of edema(syndrome of kidney Yin deficiency)by transcriptomics to decipher the mechanism of salt processing.Materials and methods:AR and SAR were extracted by ultrasonication,and data were collected by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS in the positive ionmode.Transcriptome sequencing was employed to determine the gene expression levels of the ratmodel treated with AR and SAR,and the differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were obtained.Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment was performed for the DEGs.The protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was built,on the basis of which the core targets were screened out.Finally,real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was conducted to verify the core targets.Results:A total of 63 terpenoids were detected in AR and SAR,and salt processing had a significant effect on the content of terpenoids.AR and SAR mainly participated in the regulation of inflammation and immune responses,and SAR regulated more DEGs than AR.Additionally,SAR exerted more extensive regulatory effects on the targets than AR.Conclusion:Salt processing mainly changes the content of chemical compounds in AR,which may indirectly optimize the proportion of the main compounds to enhance the therapeutic effect while reducing the toxicity.AR and SAR mainly ameliorate the edema due to kidney Yin deficiency by reducing inflammation and improving immunity.Finally,SAR regulates more genes and signaling pathways and exerts more extensive regulatory effects than AR.

RPGR基因新突变的儿童X-连锁视网膜色素变性1例

患儿,男,5岁,因“幼儿园体检发现双眼视力差”至南通大学附属常熟医院眼科就诊。既往有夜盲史;其父母非近亲联姻,否认低视力家族史。眼科检查示:右眼视力0.15,左眼0.2(双眼矫正视力不提高);双眼角膜清,前房清,瞳孔圆,对光反射+。眼底检查示:视乳头界清、色淡红,视网膜血管变细,黄斑区外视网膜可见椒盐样色素紊乱,散在少量骨细胞样色素改变(图1A-B)。眼球位置及运动检查示:双眼眼球活动正常,无眼球震颤。

A review on adhesion behavior of chip seal pavement and aggregate

Chip seal is widely used for preventive maintenance to mitigate pavement deterioration,but it is prone to aggregate loss during pavement service.To further promote the development and application of chip seals in road engineering in China,the research progress of the adhesion behavior of aggregate and binder in chip seals was reviewed in this paper,focusing on the adhesion mechanism of emulsified asphalt and alkaline aggregate.The Influencing factors and evaluation methodology of chip seals'aggregate adhesion behavior were also discussed.The results demonstrate that the adhesion process between emulsified asphalt and alkaline aggregate is divided into three processes including infiltration,demulsification,and cluster,which is more complicated when compared to hot asphalt.When designing a chip seal,not only the characteristics of single material should be paid attention to,but also the combination of binder and aggregate matters a lot.To form good adhesion between aggregate and asphalt binder,various influencing factors such as material selection,design method,and construction technical index should be considered comprehensively in the whole design,construction,and operation process.Three methods for evaluating adhesion behavior are summarized,including macroscopic adhesion performance tests,image analysis technology,and model prediction.It is not objective to evaluate the aggregate adhesion behavior of chip seal only by a single evaluation method.A comprehensive evaluation based on the micro-macro multi-scale method should be considered in the future.

IoT Empowered Early Warning of Transmission Line Galloping Based on Integrated Optical Fiber Sensing and Weather Forecast Time Series Data

Iced transmission line galloping poses a significant threat to the safety and reliability of power systems,leading directly to line tripping,disconnections,and power outages.Existing early warning methods of iced transmission line galloping suffer from issues such as reliance on a single data source,neglect of irregular time series,and lack of attention-based closed-loop feedback,resulting in high rates of missed and false alarms.To address these challenges,we propose an Internet of Things(IoT)empowered early warning method of transmission line galloping that integrates time series data from optical fiber sensing and weather forecast.Initially,the method applies a primary adaptive weighted fusion to the IoT empowered optical fiber real-time sensing data and weather forecast data,followed by a secondary fusion based on a Back Propagation(BP)neural network,and uses the K-medoids algorithm for clustering the fused data.Furthermore,an adaptive irregular time series perception adjustment module is introduced into the traditional Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU)network,and closed-loop feedback based on attentionmechanism is employed to update network parameters through gradient feedback of the loss function,enabling closed-loop training and time series data prediction of the GRU network model.Subsequently,considering various types of prediction data and the duration of icing,an iced transmission line galloping risk coefficient is established,and warnings are categorized based on this coefficient.Finally,using an IoT-driven realistic dataset of iced transmission line galloping,the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through multi-dimensional simulation scenarios.

新疆阿尔泰山喀纳斯河谷鸟兽物种的红外相机监测

2014年6月至2016年8月,利用红外相机技术对新疆喀纳斯国家级自然保护区内喀纳斯河谷的兽类和鸟类多样性进行了调查,共布设36个相机位点,累计12,006个拍摄日,收集独立有效照片2,038张,共鉴定野生动物51种,其中兽类4目8科15种,鸟类9目15科36种。记录到国家I级重点保护野生动物3种,即紫貂(Marteszibellina)、貂熊(Gulo gulo)和黑鹳(Ciconia nigra);国家II级保护动物11种。9种被中国脊椎动物红色名录列为受威胁物种,其中极危(CR)1种,即驼鹿(Alces alces);濒危(EN)3种,即貂熊、马鹿(Cervus canadensis)和松鸡(Tetrao urogallus);易危(VU)5种。白背啄木鸟(Dendrocoposleucotos)等14种鸟类为保护区新记录,我们首次在野外拍摄到驼鹿指名亚种(A.a.alces)。物种相对多度指数(relative abundance index,RAI)分析结果显示,马鹿为喀纳斯河谷兽类优势种(RAI=9.878),鸟类中星鸦(Nucifragacaryocatactes)相对多度最高(0.258)。我们建议保护区进一步对雪豹(Panthera uncia)、原麝(Moschus moschiferus)等物种开展专项调查和评估。本论文为阿尔泰山喀纳斯河谷鸟兽多样性研究提供了基础数据,有助于后续物种保护和管理计划的开展。

Research on the Surface Subsidence Monitoring Technology Based on Fiber Bragg Grating Sensing

In order to monitor the process of surface subsidence caused by mining in real time, we reported two types of fiber Bragg grating （FBG） based sensors. The principles of the FBG-based displacement sensor and the FBG-based micro-seismic sensor were described. The surface subsidence monitoring system based on the FBG sensing technology was designed. Some factual application of using these FBG-based sensors for subsidence monitoring in iron mines was presented.

An integrated framework reinstating the environmental dimension for GWAS and genomic selection in crops

Identifying mechanisms and pathways involved in gene–environment interplay and phenotypic plasticity is a long-standing challenge.It is highly desirable to establish an integrated framework with an environmental dimension for complex trait dissection and prediction.A critical step is to identify an environmental index that is both biologically relevant and estimable for new environments.With extensive field-observed complex traits,environmental profiles,and genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms for three major crops(maize,wheat,and oat),we demonstrated that identifying such an environmental index(i.e.,a combination of environmental parameter and growth window)enables genome-wide association studies and genomic selection of complex traits to be conducted with an explicit environmental dimension.Interestingly,genes identified for two reaction-norm parameters(i.e.,intercept and slope)derived from flowering time values along the environmental index were less colocalized for a diverse maize panel than for wheat and oat breeding panels,agreeing with the different diversity levels and genetic constitutions of the panels.In addition,we showcased the usefulness of this framework for systematically forecasting the performance of diverse germplasm panels in new environments.This general framework and the companion CERIS-JGRA analytical package should facilitate biologically informed dissection of complex traits,enhanced performance prediction in breeding for future climates,and coordinated efforts to enrich our understanding of mechanisms underlying phenotypic variation.

Recovery of rare earths and aluminum from FCC waste slag by acid leaching and selective precipitation

This paper investigated the recovery of rare earth elements(REEs) and aluminum(AI) from the waste slag discharged by FCC catalyst factory(FCC waste slag) via acid leaching and selective precipitation.Analysis methods such as ICP-AES, XRF and XRD were applied to obtain experiment data. The maximum leaching efficiency of REEs and Al was achieved at pH value of 1 and with liquid to solid ratio of 4:1,Under such conditions, 91.01%, 92.24% and 94.77% of La, Ce and Al were extracted at 20 ℃ for 2 h from the FCC waste slag, respectively. The SiOcontent in the leaching residue was 88.3%, which can be used as an available silicon resource. The REEs can be precipitated in the form of REEs and sodium double sulfate(NaRE(SO)·xHO) by adding NaSOto the leaching solution, while Al remained in the solution. Afterwards, the pH value of the filtrate was adjusted to 4.5, and Al was precipitated as AI(OH). Finally,NaRE(SO)·xHO and Al(OH)were converted into RECland Al(SO4)solution,respectively, which were recycled to manufacture zeolite. This process recovered REEs and Al from the FCC waste slag and reduced the emissions of waste slag simultaneously, which has an important economic and environment significance.