Knowledge about climate change impacts on species distribution at national scale is critical to biodiversity conservation and design of management programs.Although China is a biodiversity hot spot in the world,potent...Knowledge about climate change impacts on species distribution at national scale is critical to biodiversity conservation and design of management programs.Although China is a biodiversity hot spot in the world,potential influence of climate change on Chinese protected birds is rarely studied. Here, we assess the impact of climate change on 108 protected bird species and nature reserves using species distribution modeling at a relatively fine spatial resolution(1 km) for the first time. We found that a large proportion of protected species would have potential suitable habitat shrink and northward range shift by 77–90 km in response to projected future climate change in 2080. Southeastern China would suffer from losing climate suitability, whereas the climate conditions in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and northeastern China were projected to become suitable for more protected species. Onaverage, each protected area in China would experience a decline of suitable climate for 3–4 species by 2080. Climate change will modify which species each protected area will be suitable for. Our results showed that the risk of extinction for Chinese protected birds would be high, even in the moderate climate change scenario. These findings indicate that the management and design of nature reserves in China must take climate change into consideration.展开更多
Digitizing the land surface temperature(T_(s))and surface soil moisture(m _(v))is essential for developing the intelligent Digital Earth.Here,we developed a two parameter physical-based passive microwave remote sensin...Digitizing the land surface temperature(T_(s))and surface soil moisture(m _(v))is essential for developing the intelligent Digital Earth.Here,we developed a two parameter physical-based passive microwave remote sensing model for jointly retrieving T_(s) and m_(v) using the dual-polarized T_(b) of Aqua satellite advanced microwave scanning radiometer(AMSR-E)C-band(6.9 GHz)based on the simplified radiative transfer equation.Validation using in situ T_(s) and m_(v) in southern China showed the average root mean square errors(RMSE)of T s and m_(v) retrievals reach 2.42 K(R^(2)=0.61,n=351)and 0.025 g cm^(−3)(R^(2)=0.68,n=663),respectively.The results were also validated using global in situ T_(s)(n=2362)and m_(v)(n=1657)of International Soil Moisture Network.The corresponding RMSE are 3.44 k(R 2=0.86)and 0.039 g cm^(−3)(R^(2)=0.83),respectively.The monthly variations of model-derived Ts and mv are highly consistent with those of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer T_(s)(R^(2)=0.57;RMSE=2.91 k)and ECV_SM m_(v)(R^(2)=0.51;RMSE=0.045 g cm^(−3)),respectively.Overall,this paper indicates an effective way to jointly modeling T_(s) and m_(v) using passive microwave remote sensing.展开更多
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(‘‘863’’Program)(2009AA12200101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41471347)
文摘Knowledge about climate change impacts on species distribution at national scale is critical to biodiversity conservation and design of management programs.Although China is a biodiversity hot spot in the world,potential influence of climate change on Chinese protected birds is rarely studied. Here, we assess the impact of climate change on 108 protected bird species and nature reserves using species distribution modeling at a relatively fine spatial resolution(1 km) for the first time. We found that a large proportion of protected species would have potential suitable habitat shrink and northward range shift by 77–90 km in response to projected future climate change in 2080. Southeastern China would suffer from losing climate suitability, whereas the climate conditions in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and northeastern China were projected to become suitable for more protected species. Onaverage, each protected area in China would experience a decline of suitable climate for 3–4 species by 2080. Climate change will modify which species each protected area will be suitable for. Our results showed that the risk of extinction for Chinese protected birds would be high, even in the moderate climate change scenario. These findings indicate that the management and design of nature reserves in China must take climate change into consideration.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 31500357,41401055,41430529,41601444]the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China[grant numbers 2014A030310233,2015A030313809,2015A030313811]+4 种基金the Science and Technology Plan Fund of Guangzhou City,China[grant numbers 201510010240,201610010134]the Water Resource Science and Technology Innovation Program of Guangdong Province[grant numbers 2016-16,2015-14]the Scientific Platform and Innovation Capability Construction Program of GDAS[2016GDASPT-0210]the High-Level Leading Talent Introduction Program of GDAS[2016GDASRC-0101]Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Big Data Applications in Governments.
文摘Digitizing the land surface temperature(T_(s))and surface soil moisture(m _(v))is essential for developing the intelligent Digital Earth.Here,we developed a two parameter physical-based passive microwave remote sensing model for jointly retrieving T_(s) and m_(v) using the dual-polarized T_(b) of Aqua satellite advanced microwave scanning radiometer(AMSR-E)C-band(6.9 GHz)based on the simplified radiative transfer equation.Validation using in situ T_(s) and m_(v) in southern China showed the average root mean square errors(RMSE)of T s and m_(v) retrievals reach 2.42 K(R^(2)=0.61,n=351)and 0.025 g cm^(−3)(R^(2)=0.68,n=663),respectively.The results were also validated using global in situ T_(s)(n=2362)and m_(v)(n=1657)of International Soil Moisture Network.The corresponding RMSE are 3.44 k(R 2=0.86)and 0.039 g cm^(−3)(R^(2)=0.83),respectively.The monthly variations of model-derived Ts and mv are highly consistent with those of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer T_(s)(R^(2)=0.57;RMSE=2.91 k)and ECV_SM m_(v)(R^(2)=0.51;RMSE=0.045 g cm^(−3)),respectively.Overall,this paper indicates an effective way to jointly modeling T_(s) and m_(v) using passive microwave remote sensing.