The first record of a Konservat-Lagerstätten in which early post-settlement stages of fossil archaeobalanids(Cirripedia:Balanomorpha)are preserved

A diverse sessile barnacle fauna from a Miocene shallow-water deposit at Dolnja Stara vas in Slovenia is described.It includes the first descriptions of early post settlement juveniles of Actinobalanus sloveniensis attached to mangrove leaves.These represent three distinct growth phases,the earliest being interpreted as being less than 24 h post settlement,the others being 1 to 2 days post settlement.An assessment of their taphonomy is provided.Associated adult balanomorphs are attached to a variety of organic substrates,including mangrove leaves and branches,fragments of the conifers?Taxodioxylon,Carapoxylon,pine cones,molluscs,and cetacean bones.The barnacles include A.sloveniensis,Amphibalanus venustus,and Perforatus perforatus—many with opercula retained within the shells.A.venustus retains some of the original shell color.This is the second record of barnacle–plant associations from the Central Paratethys from Kamnik and Trbovlje.The paleoecology and paleogeography of the site are discussed.

Revision of Southern Hemisphere taxa referred to Fosterella(Crustacea:Cirripedia),and their extinction in response to Pleistocene cooling

Extensive barnacle coquinas(barnamols)formed around New Zealand’s North and Chatham Islands during the late Pliocene to early Pleistocene.The inner-shelf megabalanine Fosterella is the primary constituent of these lithofacies,which also include epifaunal bivalves,bryozoans and less modified balanids like Notobalanus and Notomegabalanus.The status of genus Fosterella is reviewed,3 species are retained and a new genus,Porobalanus,is proposed for Fosterella hennigi,a species restricted to the Early Pliocene of Cockburn Island,Antarctica.Significantly,Fosterella did not survive the New Zealand Pleistocene,although Notobalanus and Notomegabalanus,which have fossil records extending back to the Early Miocene,remain important components of present day cool-temperate Southern Hemisphere faunas.Extinction of Fosterella,in shelf waters off Argentina,is explained through a combination of changing circulatory and sedimentary regimes,competition for food and space,predation and physiological constraints.The driver of these factors was rapid regional cooling.

Deep-water cirripedes colonizing dead shells of the cephalopod Nautilus macromphalus from New Caledonian waters

Fossil cephalopods are frequently encrusted by epibionts;however,determining whether encrustation occurred prior to or post-mortem to the host,and whether the final environment of deposition corresponds to the habitat of encrustation is complex.The present paper describes cirripede epibionts,their calcareous bases and their at­tachment scars on 6 post-mortem shells of Nautilus macromphalus,collected from deep water off New Cale­donia.The cirripedes have left both cemented calcareous bases of Hexelasma and scars associated with bio­erosion and discoloration produced by verrucomorph barnacles.Live cirripedes included a Metaverruca recta,with articulated opercular plates and organic tissue(on a shell that had been exposed on the sea floor for at least 150 years),and specimens of Hexelasma velutinum,one of which was partly attached to an internal surface of a shell.The disposition of verrucomorphs indicates that most Nautilus shells were colonized post-mortem rather than during a floating stage.However,as cirripedes are known to have colonized living Nautilus,some Hexelas­ma,preserved only as calcareous eroded bases,may represent specimens that settled on a living Nautilus.The degree of bioerosion and discoloration induced by verrucomorph barnacles varies according to the surface pres­ervation of Nautilus shells,with deeper and discolored traces preserved on old and degraded shells.Traces made by verrucomorphs described here are ellipsoidal and a new ichnotaxon,Anellusichnus ellipticus,is proposed to accommodate them.Importantly,verrucomorphs and other cirripede taxa with membranous bases that were at­tached to pristine shells may not leave any substantial scars,and,thus,will be difficult to detect in the fossil re­cord.

Of trees,geese and cirripedes:Man’s quest for understanding

At least zoologists know that barnacles are arthropods rather than mollusks.However,this knowledge is surprisingly new,for it was as recent as 1830 before J.Vaughan Thompson showed,through a careful study of barnacle larvae,that they were crustaceans.In the 1850s,Charles Darwin unraveled much of the taxonomy of barnacles,and,significantly,his observations and classification of them follow the structure that was to be published later as his evolutionary theory.Irrespective of these works,knowledge of the systematic placement of barnacles remains surprisingly poor in the wider population today,with most non-biologists viewing barnacles as shallow-water fouling organisms related to oysters and limpets.The present paper reviews the way humans have perceived barnacles for at least a millennium;it evaluates why they were thought to have grown from trees and to have been part of the life cycle of birds;it concludes by contemplating the manner in which we perceive our environment and by doing so try to make sense of our world.

Environmental ethics: an overview, assessing the place of bioscientists in society, supplemented with selected Australian perspectives

Ethics deals with moral behavior in a professional context;ideally,it leads to a set of governing principles through which the appropriateness of any activity may be determined or assessed.Environmental ethics specif-ically deals with how humans interact with the biosphere.It is clear,however,that,as a species,we are failing in our duty of environmental stewardship.The encroachment of human activity into the natural environment is inexorable,and almost always deleterious.Any response to mitigate loss of taxa or ecosystems will have eco-nomic implications,and these are often considerable.In finding effective solutions,a process soon becomes po-litical.In light of this we must reflect upon the leadership role that biologists have,especially our impact on pol-icy development that pertains to natural resource management.Although our track record is no worse than any other professional group,biologists by way of training usually have a greater understanding of natural process-es and must be prepared to articulate these publically.We have an ethical mandate to question decisions,poli-cies and legislation that impact negatively upon biological systems:a mandate guided through logic,grounded in empirical science,and hopefully coupled with a deep understanding of the true value of both the living world and the physical world which sustains it.This paper uses Australian examples to demonstrate the frequent clash-es between economics and biology,in anticipation that we should strive to achieve the underlying principles of sustainability,environmental stewardship and resource management in both daily decision-making and in long-term planning.

In memoriamWalter Joseph Bock—a life dedicated to teaching and research in the biological sciences(20 November 1933-27 January 2022)

Walter Joseph Bock(Fig.1)was born in Woodhaven,Queens County,New York,NY(USA),the second of 4 children of Paul and Anne Bock,née Kalsch.He grew up in a German speaking family who discontinued speaking German only at the outset of WWII.From 1947 to 1951 he attended Brooklyn Technical High School,where there was considerable emphasis on technological subjects.In 1951,he entered Cornell University in Ithaca,NY,graduating with a Bachelor of Science in 1955.At Cornell,he attended a short lecture series presented by the famed ethologist Konrad Lorenz,and began an association with the ornithologist Charles Sibley.These links provided Walter with a growing appreciation of the wonders of the world of biology.

A fine evolutionary biologist and a consummate gentleman David Burton Wake

Emeritus Professor David Wake,an American herpetologist at the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology,University of California,Berkeley,died peacefully,at his home on Thursday,April 29,at Oakland,California.Born in Webster,South Dakota,Dave’s interest in nature was kindled by his mother,who taught biology at the local high school,and by his maternal grandfather,Henrik Martinus Solem,who was not only a Lutheran pastor.

A light dimmed in Zoological Sciences Emeritus Professor Abraham Haim(5 August 1943 to 30 January 2019)

It is with great sadness that I report the passing of my friend and colleague,Professor Abraham Haim on 30th January 2019.Abraham was born in Tel Aviv on Au­gust 5th 1943.At his death,he was Professor Emeritus at the University of Haifa-where in 1978,he began an impressive teaching career,rising in 2010 to both Head of Natural Resources and Environmental Management and Head of the Israeli Centre for Interdisciplinary Re­search in Chronobiology.He held the latter position at his death,along with Head of the Management Commit­tee of the prestigious Yitzak Shamir Research Centre.Abraham Haim holds a special place in international zoology-not only for his leadership(he was Vice Pres­ident of the International Society of Zoological Scienc­es over the period 2008-2016),but for his scientific and environmental systems knowledge.

Francis Dov Por(1927–2014):A life dedicated to zoology remembered

On 25 October 2014,the International Society of Zoological Sciences(ISZS)family lost one of its most eminent members,Professor Francis Dov Por,who passed away at the age of 87.Dov was born on 25 May 1927,in Timișoara,a city that is now the capital city of Timis County and is considered the informal capital city of the historical region of Banat,Romania.Dov obtained a Diploma in Biology in 1956 from the University of Bucharest.Recognition of his potential as a biologist was demonstrated through his early appointment as a Curator for the Grigore Antipa Museum of Natural History in Bucharest.

On the International Society of Zoological Sciences: reflections upon a momentous decade

Those of us who are fortunate enough to have the passion and wherewithal to study nature will reflect,with pleasure,upon these words:“I can see(no limit)to the beauty and infinite complexity of the co-adaptations between all organic beings,one with another and with their physical conditions of life”(Darwin,On the Ori­gin of Species,1859).Darwin is the founder of modern biology,but his awe of nature had genesis not in isola­tion but in the formative world of other enlightened sci­entists.In the same manner.

Qingdao 2010:Facilitating the dissemination of new discoveries in Crustacean Research

Over the period 20-25 June,2010,I had the good fortune to attend the Seventh International Crustacean Congress in Qingdao,China.Discipline specific conferences are very special events-giving us the opportunity to both share knowledge and to learn from colleagues who are interested in the narrower field(s)in which we are specialists.However,with recent advances in molecular biology and microscopy,carcinology,which comprises crustacean biology,palaeontology,distribution and evolution,is now so diverse that sub-disciplines within it are becoming increasingly specialized.Indeed,this is so much so that except in meetings such as this congress,many of us lack real opportunities to discuss and debate other perspectives of our science.The meeting at Qingdao provided such a venue,and it was particularly enjoyable.

Integrative Zoology is proud to honor Darwin’s legacy by supporting the study of biological and zoological sciences

The year 2009 marked the bicentenary of Charles Darwin’s birth,and for the last 12 months zoologists have been reminded of the enormous contribution that Darwin made to our understanding of the natural world.We have celebrated his contribution in workshops and symposia,often in association with other professional bodies like the International Union of Biological Sciences(IUBS),but more importantly for this journal,we have celebrated Darwin’s work through publication of how his work has impacted upon present day science.Darwin would have been delighted with the understanding that has arisen through our discoveries in molecular biology.He would have been overjoyed with knowledge of the nature of DNA,but I suspect he would have been surprised,perhaps even alarmed at the impact that humans have had on the environment and the effect that this has had on the biosphere.We are well aware that environments change,and the geological record is testament to this,but it is the rapidity with which this change is occurring that is of concern.We have lost many taxa already,and sadly we will lose many more–perhaps even before they are described.

BOOK REVIEW

Biomes of Brazil:an Illustrated Natural History(in both English and Portuguese)Por FD,Imperatriz-Fonseca VL,Neto FL(2005).Pensoft Publisher,Sofia-Moscow.208pp.ISBN 9546422371.Euro 39.50(hardcover).Brazil’s biological diversity and beauty inspire widespread interest and fascination,and Biomes of Brazil provides another perspective to this theme.Biomes of Brazil gives the reader a window into the great variety of environments,and has well-prepared and agreeably informative dioramas about the landscape,flora and fauna of eight distinct Brazilian biomes.

Preface to Integrative Zoology on behalf of the International Society of Zoological Sciences

The International Society of Zoological Sciences has been re-established at a critical time in the history of our biosphere.The extraordinary diversity of life that most humans accept as the norm is threatened,for there are strong indicators that all too many of the species with which we co-exist will be extinct within a decade.