The shear failure modes and respective failure mechanism of Sn3.5Ag and Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu lead-free solder bumping on Au/Ni/Cu metallization formed by induction spontaneous heating reflow process have been investigated thr...The shear failure modes and respective failure mechanism of Sn3.5Ag and Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu lead-free solder bumping on Au/Ni/Cu metallization formed by induction spontaneous heating reflow process have been investigated through the shear test after aging at 120℃ for 0, 1, 4, 9 and 16 d. Different typical shear failure behaviors have been found in the loading curves （shear force vs displacement）. From the results of interracial morphology analysis of the fracture surfaces and cross-sections, two main typical failure modes have been identified. The probabilities of the failure modes occurrence are inconsistent when the joints were aged for different times. The evolution of the brittle NiaSn4 and Cu-Ni-Au-Sn layers and the grains coarsening of the solder bulk are the basic reasons for the change of shear failure modes.展开更多
The purpose of this paper was to examine the relationship between the state and eminent monks in medieval Korea （918-1392） on the basis of various primary sources and to highlight the need of the re-examination of t...The purpose of this paper was to examine the relationship between the state and eminent monks in medieval Korea （918-1392） on the basis of various primary sources and to highlight the need of the re-examination of the nature of Korean Buddhism, and by extension, that of East Asian Buddhism. To this end, this research examines the position of Buddhism, the state Buddhist policies, the roles of monks in response to the policies, and the identity of monks in medieval Korea. The conclusion is that medieval Korea took carrot-and-stick approach to Buddhism and in response, playing as political advisors, subjects to the ruler, thaumaturgies, entrepreneurs, and even warriors, power-oriented monks ingratiated themselves with the state Buddhist policies for their sustenance on practical considerations, often violating the basic teachings of the Buddha and creating issues regarding their identity as monks. This Korean tradition in a larger part appears to be a product of the Sinicized Buddhism, thus highlighting the need of further in-depth research on the nature of Korean Buddhism in particular and that of East Asian Buddhism in general.展开更多
文摘The shear failure modes and respective failure mechanism of Sn3.5Ag and Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu lead-free solder bumping on Au/Ni/Cu metallization formed by induction spontaneous heating reflow process have been investigated through the shear test after aging at 120℃ for 0, 1, 4, 9 and 16 d. Different typical shear failure behaviors have been found in the loading curves （shear force vs displacement）. From the results of interracial morphology analysis of the fracture surfaces and cross-sections, two main typical failure modes have been identified. The probabilities of the failure modes occurrence are inconsistent when the joints were aged for different times. The evolution of the brittle NiaSn4 and Cu-Ni-Au-Sn layers and the grains coarsening of the solder bulk are the basic reasons for the change of shear failure modes.
文摘The purpose of this paper was to examine the relationship between the state and eminent monks in medieval Korea （918-1392） on the basis of various primary sources and to highlight the need of the re-examination of the nature of Korean Buddhism, and by extension, that of East Asian Buddhism. To this end, this research examines the position of Buddhism, the state Buddhist policies, the roles of monks in response to the policies, and the identity of monks in medieval Korea. The conclusion is that medieval Korea took carrot-and-stick approach to Buddhism and in response, playing as political advisors, subjects to the ruler, thaumaturgies, entrepreneurs, and even warriors, power-oriented monks ingratiated themselves with the state Buddhist policies for their sustenance on practical considerations, often violating the basic teachings of the Buddha and creating issues regarding their identity as monks. This Korean tradition in a larger part appears to be a product of the Sinicized Buddhism, thus highlighting the need of further in-depth research on the nature of Korean Buddhism in particular and that of East Asian Buddhism in general.
