Endoscopy is the cornerstone in the management of digestive diseases.Over the last few decades,technology has played an important role in the development of this field,helping endoscopists in better detecting and char...Endoscopy is the cornerstone in the management of digestive diseases.Over the last few decades,technology has played an important role in the development of this field,helping endoscopists in better detecting and characterizing luminal lesions.However,despite ongoing advancements in endoscopic technology,the incidence of missed pre-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions remains high due to the operator-dependent nature of endoscopy and the challenging learning curve associated with new technologies.Artificial intelligence(AI),an operator-independent field,could be an invaluable solution.AI can serve as a“second observer”,enhancing the performance of endoscopists in detecting and characterizing luminal lesions.By utilizing deep learning(DL),an innovation within machine learning,AI automatically extracts input features from targeted endoscopic images.DL encompasses both computer-aided detection and computer-aided diagnosis,assisting endoscopists in reducing missed detection rates and predicting the histology of luminal digestive lesions.AI applications in clinical gastrointestinal diseases are continuously expanding and evolving the entire digestive tract.In all published studies,real-time AI assists endoscopists in improving the performance of non-expert gastroenterologists,bringing it to a level comparable to that of experts.The development of DL may be affected by selection biases.Studies have utilized different AI-assisted models,which are heterogeneous.In the future,algorithms need validation through large,randomized trials.Theoretically,AI has no limit to assist endoscopists in increasing the accuracy and the quality of endoscopic exams.However,practically,we still have a long way to go before standardizing our AI models to be accepted and applied by all gastroenterologists.展开更多
Adverse reactions to mesalamine,a treatment used to induce and maintain remission in inflammatory bowel diseases,particularly ulcerative colitis,have been described in the literature as case reports.This case illustra...Adverse reactions to mesalamine,a treatment used to induce and maintain remission in inflammatory bowel diseases,particularly ulcerative colitis,have been described in the literature as case reports.This case illustrates an unusual adverse reaction.Our patient developed an isolated fever of unexplained etiology,which was found to be related to mesalamine treatment.A 22-year-old patient diagnosed with ulcerative colitis developed a fever with rigors and anorexia 10 d after starting oral mesalamine while his colitis was clinically resolving.Testing revealed no infection.A mesalamineinduced fever was considered,and treatment was stopped,which led to spontaneous resolution of the fever.The diagnosis was confirmed by reintroducing the mesalamine.One year later,this side effect was noticed again in the same patient after he was administered topical mesalamine.This reaction to mesalamine seems to be idiosyncratic,and the mechanism that induces fever remains unclear.Fever encountered in the course of a mesalamine treatment in ulcerative colitis must be considered a mesalamine-induced fever when it cannot be explained by the disease activity,an associated extraintestinal manifestation,or an infectious etiology.展开更多
文摘Endoscopy is the cornerstone in the management of digestive diseases.Over the last few decades,technology has played an important role in the development of this field,helping endoscopists in better detecting and characterizing luminal lesions.However,despite ongoing advancements in endoscopic technology,the incidence of missed pre-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions remains high due to the operator-dependent nature of endoscopy and the challenging learning curve associated with new technologies.Artificial intelligence(AI),an operator-independent field,could be an invaluable solution.AI can serve as a“second observer”,enhancing the performance of endoscopists in detecting and characterizing luminal lesions.By utilizing deep learning(DL),an innovation within machine learning,AI automatically extracts input features from targeted endoscopic images.DL encompasses both computer-aided detection and computer-aided diagnosis,assisting endoscopists in reducing missed detection rates and predicting the histology of luminal digestive lesions.AI applications in clinical gastrointestinal diseases are continuously expanding and evolving the entire digestive tract.In all published studies,real-time AI assists endoscopists in improving the performance of non-expert gastroenterologists,bringing it to a level comparable to that of experts.The development of DL may be affected by selection biases.Studies have utilized different AI-assisted models,which are heterogeneous.In the future,algorithms need validation through large,randomized trials.Theoretically,AI has no limit to assist endoscopists in increasing the accuracy and the quality of endoscopic exams.However,practically,we still have a long way to go before standardizing our AI models to be accepted and applied by all gastroenterologists.
文摘Adverse reactions to mesalamine,a treatment used to induce and maintain remission in inflammatory bowel diseases,particularly ulcerative colitis,have been described in the literature as case reports.This case illustrates an unusual adverse reaction.Our patient developed an isolated fever of unexplained etiology,which was found to be related to mesalamine treatment.A 22-year-old patient diagnosed with ulcerative colitis developed a fever with rigors and anorexia 10 d after starting oral mesalamine while his colitis was clinically resolving.Testing revealed no infection.A mesalamineinduced fever was considered,and treatment was stopped,which led to spontaneous resolution of the fever.The diagnosis was confirmed by reintroducing the mesalamine.One year later,this side effect was noticed again in the same patient after he was administered topical mesalamine.This reaction to mesalamine seems to be idiosyncratic,and the mechanism that induces fever remains unclear.Fever encountered in the course of a mesalamine treatment in ulcerative colitis must be considered a mesalamine-induced fever when it cannot be explained by the disease activity,an associated extraintestinal manifestation,or an infectious etiology.
