High arsenic(As)and chromium(Cr)concentrations are currently receiving attention because of their negative effects on the environment and human health.Microorganisms inhabiting contaminated environments have developed...High arsenic(As)and chromium(Cr)concentrations are currently receiving attention because of their negative effects on the environment and human health.Microorganisms inhabiting contaminated environments have developed resistance mechanisms against the toxicity of these pollutants.Indeed,members of the bacterial genus Micrococcus have been isolated from different toxic metal-contaminated environments;however,knowledge concerning its resistance mechanisms to As and Cr toxicity remains limited.Micrococcus luteus strains(An24,Mh,NE2TL6,and NE2TTS4)were isolated from the endosphere and soil of two heavy metal-contaminated sites in Mexico to identify differences in the resistance mechanisms by the M.luteus group.The strains were resistant to As(As^(3+)and As^(5+)),chromate,dichromate,cobalt,copper,nickel,and zinc.Genome analysis indicated that the heavy metal-resistant strains(An24,Mh,NE2TL6,and NE2TTS4)could be assigned to the M.luteus group and had more heavy metal-resistant genes(transporters,chaperones,and enzymes)compared to reference strains of the M.luteus group,M.luteus NCTC 2665^(T)and Micrococcus endophyticus JCM 16951^(T).The resistant bacteria were able to biotransform As^(3+)and As^(5+)through a carbon source-dependent mechanism.The biotransformation of As5+was potentially carried out in the cytoplasm through a thioredoxin-dependent pathway,which may be coupled with biosorption.A qualitative analysis of organic acids(OAs)identified a change in the OA profile of the metal-resistant strains that was As-or Cr-dependent.Our genomic and phenotypic findings suggest that the four M.luteus group strains evaluated in the current study have developed resistance mechanisms that may enable their survival in contaminated sites.展开更多
In recent years,there has been a growing need to understand how salinity affects microbial communities in agricultural soils.Archaeal and bacterial community diversities and structures were investigated by high-throug...In recent years,there has been a growing need to understand how salinity affects microbial communities in agricultural soils.Archaeal and bacterial community diversities and structures were investigated by high-throughput sequencing analysis of their 16S rRNA in two arable soils with low electrical conductivity(EC)(2.3 and 2.6 dS m^(-1))and a saline soil(EC=17.6 dS m^(-1)).The dominant bacterial phyla in the soils were Proteobacteria(relative abundance(RA)=46.2%),followed by Acidobacteria(RA=13.1%)and Actinobacteria(RA=10.0%),whereas Serratia(RA=6.0%)and Bacillus(RA=4.0%)were the dominant bacterial genera.Candidatus Nitrososphaera(53.5%)was the dominant archaeal phylotype in the arable soils,whereas Nitrosopumilus(RA=0.4%)dominated in the saline soil.The archaeal and bacterial community structures were different between the soils and significantly correlated with soil sand,arsenic,barium,and antimony contents,but not with soil salinity.展开更多
基金?nancially supported by the Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN),Mexico (Nos.SIP20170544,SIP20180115,SIP20196674,SIP20196729,SIP20200229,and SIP20200310)Ivan Arroyo-Herrera and Joseph Guevara-Luna received grant-aided support from Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) and Beca de Estímulo Institucional de Formación de Investigadores(BEIFI),Mexico+2 种基金Rafael Bustamante-Brito and Erika Y.Tapia-García received grant-aided support from CONA-CyTPaulina Estrada-de los Santos,En Tao Wang,and María Soledad Vásquez-Murrieta received grant-aided support from Comisión de Operación y Fomento de Actividades Académicas-IPN,Estímulos al Desempe?o de los Investigadores-IPN,and Sistema Nacional de Investigadores(SNI)-CONACyT,MexicoBrenda Román-Ponce received grant-aided support from SNI-CONACyT
文摘High arsenic(As)and chromium(Cr)concentrations are currently receiving attention because of their negative effects on the environment and human health.Microorganisms inhabiting contaminated environments have developed resistance mechanisms against the toxicity of these pollutants.Indeed,members of the bacterial genus Micrococcus have been isolated from different toxic metal-contaminated environments;however,knowledge concerning its resistance mechanisms to As and Cr toxicity remains limited.Micrococcus luteus strains(An24,Mh,NE2TL6,and NE2TTS4)were isolated from the endosphere and soil of two heavy metal-contaminated sites in Mexico to identify differences in the resistance mechanisms by the M.luteus group.The strains were resistant to As(As^(3+)and As^(5+)),chromate,dichromate,cobalt,copper,nickel,and zinc.Genome analysis indicated that the heavy metal-resistant strains(An24,Mh,NE2TL6,and NE2TTS4)could be assigned to the M.luteus group and had more heavy metal-resistant genes(transporters,chaperones,and enzymes)compared to reference strains of the M.luteus group,M.luteus NCTC 2665^(T)and Micrococcus endophyticus JCM 16951^(T).The resistant bacteria were able to biotransform As^(3+)and As^(5+)through a carbon source-dependent mechanism.The biotransformation of As5+was potentially carried out in the cytoplasm through a thioredoxin-dependent pathway,which may be coupled with biosorption.A qualitative analysis of organic acids(OAs)identified a change in the OA profile of the metal-resistant strains that was As-or Cr-dependent.Our genomic and phenotypic findings suggest that the four M.luteus group strains evaluated in the current study have developed resistance mechanisms that may enable their survival in contaminated sites.
基金financially supported by the projects of Instituto Politécnico Nacional(IPN)(Nos.SIP20180115 and SIP20196729)and Cinvestav,Mexicogrant-aided support from Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología(CONACyT)+4 种基金Beca de Estímulo Institucional de Formación de Investigadores-IPN(BEIFI),Mexicogrant-aided support from CONACyTgrant-aided support from Comisión de Operación y Fomento de Actividades Académicas-IPN(COFAA)Estímulos al Desempeno de los Investigadores-IPN(EDI)Sistema Nacional de Investigadores-CONACyT(SNI),Mexico。
文摘In recent years,there has been a growing need to understand how salinity affects microbial communities in agricultural soils.Archaeal and bacterial community diversities and structures were investigated by high-throughput sequencing analysis of their 16S rRNA in two arable soils with low electrical conductivity(EC)(2.3 and 2.6 dS m^(-1))and a saline soil(EC=17.6 dS m^(-1)).The dominant bacterial phyla in the soils were Proteobacteria(relative abundance(RA)=46.2%),followed by Acidobacteria(RA=13.1%)and Actinobacteria(RA=10.0%),whereas Serratia(RA=6.0%)and Bacillus(RA=4.0%)were the dominant bacterial genera.Candidatus Nitrososphaera(53.5%)was the dominant archaeal phylotype in the arable soils,whereas Nitrosopumilus(RA=0.4%)dominated in the saline soil.The archaeal and bacterial community structures were different between the soils and significantly correlated with soil sand,arsenic,barium,and antimony contents,but not with soil salinity.