Impact of Alcian blue and periodic acid Schiff expression on the prognosis of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma

BACKGROUND The Alcian blue(AB)and periodic acid Schiff(PAS)stains are representative mucus markers in gastric signet ring cell carcinoma(SRCC).They are low-cost special staining methods used to detect acidic mucus and neutral mucus,respectively.However,the clinical importance of the special combined AB and PAS stain is unclear.AIM To investigate AB expression,PAS expression and the AB-to-PAS(A/P)ratio in gastric SRCC patients and to assess patient prognosis.METHODS Paraffin-embedded sections from 83 patients with gastric SRCC were stained with AB and PAS,and signet ring cell positivity was assessed quantitatively.Immuno-histochemical staining for Ki67,protein 53(P53)and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)was performed simultaneously.The cancer-specific survival(CSS)rate was estimated via Kaplan-Meier analysis.Cox proportional hazards models were used for univariate and multivariate survival analyses.RESULTS Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that the 3-year CSS rate was significantly greater in the high-PAS-expression subgroup than in the low-PAS-expression subgroup(P<0.001).The 3-year CSS rate in the A/P≤0.5 group was significantly greater than that in the A/P>0.5 group(P=0.042).Univariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the factors affecting prognosis included tumor diameter,lymph node metastasis,vessel carcinoma embolus,tumor stage,the A/P ratio and the expression of Ki67,P53 and the PAS.Cox multivariate regression analysis confirmed that low PAS expression[hazard ratio(HR)=3.809,95%confidence interval(CI):1.563-9.283,P=0.003]and large tumor diameter(HR=2.761,95%CI:1.086-7.020,P=0.033)were independent risk factors for poor prognosis.CONCLUSION A/P>0.5 is potentially a risk factor for prognosis,and low PAS expression is an independent risk factor in the prognosis of gastric SRCC.PAS expression and the A/P ratio could help in predicting the clinical prognosis of patients with SRCC.

Etomidate vs propofol in coronary heart disease patients undergoing major noncardiac surgery:A randomized clinical trial

BACKGROUND The ideal depth of general anesthesia should achieve the required levels of hypnosis,analgesia,and muscle relaxation while minimizing physiologic responses to awareness.The choice of anesthetic strategy in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)undergoing major noncardiac surgery is becoming an increasingly important issue as the population ages.This is because general anesthesia is associated with a risk of perioperative cardiac complications and death,and this risk is much higher in people with CHD.AIM To compare hemodynamic function and cardiovascular event rate between etomidate-and propofol-based anesthesia in patients with CHD.METHODS This prospective study enrolled consecutive patients(American Society of Anesthesiologists grade II/III)with stable CHD(New York Heart Association class I/II)undergoing major noncardiac surgery.The patients were randomly allocated to receive either etomidate/remifentanil-based or propofol/remifentanil-based general anesthesia.Randomization was performed using a computer-generated random number table and sequentially numbered,opaque,sealed envelopes.Concealment was maintained until the patient had arrived in the operating theater,at which point the consulting anesthetist opened the envelope.All patients,data collectors,and data analyzers were blinded to the type of anesthesia used.The primary endpoints were the occurrence of cardiovascular events(bradycardia,tachycardia,hypotension,ST-T segment changes,and ventricular premature beats)during anesthesia and cardiac troponin I level at 24 h.The secondary endpoints were hemodynamic parameters,bispectral index,and use of vasopressors during anesthesia.RESULTS The final analysis included 40 patients in each of the propofol and etomidate groups.The incidences of bradycardia,hypotension,ST-T segment changes,and ventricular premature beats during anesthesia were significantly higher in the propofol group than in the etomidate group(P<0.05 for all).The incidence of tachycardia was similar between the two groups.Cardiac troponin I levels were comparable between the two groups both before the induction of anesthesia and at 24 h after surgery.When compared with the etomidate group,the propofol group had significantly lower heart rates at 3 min after the anesthetic was injected(T1)and immediately after tracheal intubation(T2),lower systolic blood pressure at T1,and lower diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure at T1,T2,3 min after tracheal intubation,and 5 min after tracheal intubation(P<0.05 for all).Vasopressor use was significantly more in the propofol group than in the etomidate group during the induction and maintenance periods(P<0.001).CONCLUSION In patients with CHD undergoing noncardiac major surgery,etomidate-based anesthesia is associated with fewer cardiovascular events and smaller hemodynamic changes than propofol-based anesthesia.

人才引进对房价的影响研究

本文利用我国2011-2019年274个大中城市年度数据,通过构建多期双重差分模型考察了人才引进对房价的影响。研究发现:第一,人才引进政策的实施在短期内显著提高了城市房价;第二,人才引进政策对房价的影响存在显著的地区差异,对中西部城市、行政等级较低的城市房价增长影响显著,对东部城市、行政等级较高的城市的作用反而不明显。第三,人才集聚效应在人才引进政策和房价之间存在显著的部分中介效应,人才集聚效应和人才引进政策总体上对房价有显著的正向影响。

一致性建构原则下遗传学混合式教学设计与实践

遗传学是从基因(组)水平研究生命的遗传和变异规律的生物学分支学科。遗传学教学应与不断发展的遗传学科和社会需求相适应。针对遗传学知识体系不断发展、生物学人才培养要求不断提升,教学团队以一致性建构原则为指导,开展遗传学混合式教学的课程设计与改革实践。改革举措具体包括:(1)以遗传分析为主线,建设遗传学在线课程资源;(2)对照布鲁姆教育目标分类,优化课程学习目标;(3)设计与教学目标一致的学习活动与学习测评,建构一致性;(4)丰富学习活动的形式,突出以"学"为中心,重视学生互动,促进主动学习,提升学习成效。问卷调查与成绩分析提示混合式教学改革取得了初步成果:课程受到了学生的充分肯定,并有助于提升学生的学习成效,值得进一步巩固和推广。本文介绍了混合式改革的教学设计与初步实践结果,为新时代遗传学教学的继续发展提供了新的思路和方法。

Modified endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection for large esophageal submucosal gland duct adenoma: A case report

BACKGROUND With the recent improvement of endoscopic techniques,endoscopic ultrasoundguided fine needle aspiration and endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection(ESTD)have been widely used for accurate diagnosis and dissection acceleration of esophageal tumors.CASE SUMMARY We used a modified submucosal tunnel technique during endoscopic en bloc resection in a 58-year-old man with large esophageal submucosal gland duct adenoma(ESGDA).During modified ESTD,the oral end of the involved mucosa was cut transversely,followed by a submucosal tunnel created from the proximal to the distal end,and the anal end of the involved mucosa blocked by the tumor was incised.As a result of retaining submucosal injection solutions using the submucosal tunnel technique,it was possible to reduce the amount of injection required and increase the efficiency and safety of dissection.CONCLUSION Modified ESTD is an effective treatment strategy for large ESGDAs.Single-tunnel ESTD appears to be a time-saving procedure compared with conventional endoscopic submucosal dissection.

幕上脑实质内神经鞘瘤的临床病理分析

目的:探讨幕上脑实质内神经鞘瘤的临床病理学特征。方法:回顾性分析2011年11月至2019年5月首都医科大学宣武医院诊断为幕上脑实质内神经鞘瘤的7例患者资料,分析其影像学特征、病理学和免疫组织化学特点,并复习相关文献。结果:幕上脑实质内神经鞘瘤7例患者中,男性4例,女性3例,年龄8~74岁,平均年龄30.6(8.0~74.0)岁。影像学及术中所见提示病变主要位于脑实质内,以大脑半球的单发病灶为主,2例位于脑室内并累及脑实质;CT、MRI均显示囊实性占位,MRI增强显示不均匀强化信号。组织病理学显示7例均表现为典型的神经鞘瘤,具有Antoni A区和Antoni B区,4例伴出血、囊性变及钙化,此外2例病例可见灶状坏死。7例(100%)均表达S-100、SOX-10和Vimentin,分别有1例表达GFAP及EMA;Ki-67增殖指数为3%~10%。7例患者术后均未接受化疗或放疗;除2例失访外,均未发现肿瘤复发。结论:脑实质内神经鞘瘤患者预后较好,但术前准确诊断是难点,病理学分析在脑实质内神经鞘瘤的诊断方面具有重要意义,关于脑实质内神经鞘瘤的发生发展机制尚需进一步研究。

Characterization and Genomic Analysis of a Plaque Purified Strain of Cyanophage PP

Cyanophages are ubiquitous and essential components of the aquatic environment and play an important role in the termination of algal blooms.As such,they have attracted widespread interest.PP was the first isolated cyanophage in China,which infects Plectonema boryanum and Phormidium foveolarum.In this study,this cyanophage was purified three times by a double-agar overlay plaque assay and characterized.Its genome was extracted,totally sequenced and analyzed.Electron microscopy revealed a particle with an icosahedral head connected to a short stubby tail.Bioassays showed that PP was quite virulent.The genome of PP is a 42,480 base pair(bp),linear,double-stranded DNA molecule with 222 bp terminal repeats.It has high similarity with the known Pf-WMP3 sequence.It contains 41 open reading frames(ORFs),17 of which were annotated.Intriguingly,the genome can be divided into two completely different parts,which differ both in orientation and function.

Peroral traction-assisted natural orifice trans-anal flexible endoscopic rectosigmoidectomy followed by intracorporeal colorectal anastomosis in a live porcine model

BACKGROUND Compared to traditional open surgery,laparoscopic surgery has become a standard approach for colorectal cancer due to its great superiorities including less postoperative pain,a shorter hospital stay,and better quality of life.In 2007,Whiteford et al reported the first natural orifice trans-anal endoscopic surgery(NOTES)sigmoidectomy using transanal endoscopic microsurgery.To date,all cases of NOTES colorectal resection have included a hybrid laparoscopic approach with the use of established rigid platforms.AIM To introduce a novel technique of peroral external traction-assisted transanal NOTES rectosigmoidectomy followed by intracorporeal colorectal end-to-end anastomosis by using only currently available and flexible endoscopic instrumentation in a live porcine model.METHODS Three female pigs weighing 25-30 kg underwent NOTES rectosigmoid resection.After preoperative work-up and bowel preparation,general anesthesia combined with endotracheal intubation was achieved.One dual-channel therapeutic endoscope was used.Carbon dioxide insufflation was performed during the operation.The procedure of trans-anal NOTES rectosigmoidectomy included the following eight steps:(1)The rectosigmoid colon was tattooed with India ink by submucosal injection;(2)Creation of gastrostomy by directed submucosal tunneling;(3)Peroral external traction using endoloop ligation;(4)Creation of rectostomy on the anterior rectal wall by directed 3 cm submucosal tunneling;(5)Peroral external traction-assisted dissection of the left side of the colon;(6)Transanal rectosigmoid specimen transection,where an anvil was inserted into the proximal segment after purse-string suturing;(7)Intracorporeal colorectal end-toend anastomosis using a circular stapler by a single stapling technique;and(8)Closure of gastrostomy using endoscopic clips.All animals were euthanized immediately after the procedure,abdominal exploration was performed,and the air-under-water leak test was carried out.RESULTS The procedure was completed in all three animals,with the operation time ranging from 193 min to 259 min.Neither major intraoperative complications nor hemodynamic instability occurred during the operation.The length of the resected specimen ranged from 7 cm to 13 cm.With the assistance of a transumbilical rigid grasper,intracorporeal colorectal,tension-free,end-to-end anastomosis was achieved in the three animals.CONCLUSION Peroral traction-assisted transanal NOTES rectosigmoidectomy followed by intracorporeal colorectal end-to-end anastomosis is technically feasible and reproducible in an animal model and is worthy of further improvements.

Unilateral congenital scrotal agenesis with ipsilateral cryptorchidism: A case report

BACKGROUND Congenital scrotal agenesis(CSA)is very rare.There are 11 cases of congenital scrotal agenesis or absence reported in the literature,most of which are bilateral and accompanied by cryptorchidism.Only two cases of which are unilateral scrotal agenesis and not accompanied by cryptorchidism.This is the first reported case of unilateral scrotal agenesis with cryptorchidism and scrotoplasty.CASE SUMMARY A 2-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital with left cryptorchidism and ipsilateral CSA.An innovative method was used in the patient where a scrotal skin pedicle from the right part of scrotal skin was transplanted to the left side.At the same time,descent orchiopexy was performed.At the 4-mo follow-up,the left testicle was located in the scrotum and the size and shape were normal.CONCLUSION For unilateral CSA with ipsilateral cryptorchidism,contralateral scrotal pedicle transplantation and descent orchiopexy appear to be a successful surgical option.

Landscape of s-triazine molecule on Si(100) by a theoretical x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and x-ray absorption near-edge structure spectra study

The chemisorbed structure for an aromatic molecule on a silicon surface plays an important part in promoting the development of organic semiconductor material science. The carbon K-shell x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS） and the x-ray absorption near-edge structure（XANES） spectra of the interfacial structure of an s-triazine molecule adsorbed on Si（100） surface have been performed by the first principles, and the landscape of the s-triazine molecule on Si（100） surface has been described in detail. Both the XPS and XANES spectra have shown their dependence on different structures for the pristine s-triazine molecule and its several possible adsorbed configurations. By comparison with the XPS spectra, the XANES spectra display the strongest structural dependency of all of the studied systems and thus could be well applied to identify the chemisorbed s-triazine derivatives. The exploration of spectral components originated from non-equivalent carbons in disparate local environments has also been implemented for both the XPS and XANES spectra of s-triazine adsorbed configurations.

Geometric and Electronic Structures of Pyrazine Molecule Chemisorbed on Si(100) Surface by XPS and NEXAFS Spectroscopy

The geometric and electronic structures of several possible adsorption configurations of the pyrazine(C4H4N2)molecule covalently attached to Si(100)surface,which is of vital importance in fabricating functional nano-devices,have been investigated using X-ray spectroscopies.The Carbon K-shell(1s)X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure(NEXAFS)spectroscopy of predicted adsorbed structures have been simulated by density functional theory with cluster model calculations.Both XPS and NEXAFS spectra demonstrate the structural dependence on different adsorption configurations.In contrast to the XPS spectra,it is found that the NEXAFS spectra exhibiting conspicuous dependence on the structures of all the studied pyrazine/Si(100)systems can be well utilized for structural identification.In addition,according to the classification of carbon atoms,the spectral components of carbon atoms in different chemical environments have been investigated in the NEXAFS spectra as well.

3D Multilayered Turtle Shell Models for Image Steganography

By embedding secret data into cover images,image steganography can produce non-discriminable stego-images.The turtle shell model for data hiding is an excellent method that uses a reference matrix to make a good balance between image quality and embedding capacity.However,increasing the embedding capacity by extending the area of basic structures of the turtle shell model usually leads to severe degradation of image quality.In this research,we innovatively extend the basic structure of the turtle shell model into a three-dimensional(3D)space.Some intrinsic properties of the original turtle shell model are well preserved in the 3D version.Theoretic analysis shows that the new proposed models have good performance both in the image quality and in the complexity of the reference matrix.Our experimental results justify the theoretic conclusions.

基于数值模拟的油烟机排烟性能评价方法研究

本文提出一种数值模拟评价油烟机排烟效果的新方法,定义了油烟扩散体积和油烟扩散体积比,表征空气中被油烟污染的范围,用于评价区域中的油烟污染程度。定义了用于评价油烟机排烟性能的Q-v特征曲线,利用该特征曲线,可以匹配出特定工况下油烟机的最佳风量。对比分析了两款油烟机在一定风量下的排烟效果,以及通过其Q-v特征曲线,分析对比了这两款油烟机在不同出烟速度下的排烟性能。数值模拟对比结果与产品的铭牌参数表现一致。

An Experimental Module in the Teaching of Genetics,with a Special Reference to Reform and Innovation in Genetics Experiments

Genetics is a major course in Life Sciences,and also a basic course in other disciplines or specialties,such as Agricultural Sciences,Medical Sciences and etc.Genetic experiments are not only the important content of the undergraduate teaching in Life Science but also the most common and efficient teaching approach in Life Science.Based on an introduction to reform and innovation of genetics experiment instruction,this article aims at discussing how to classify experimental modules and teaching practices.In our experimental test,the whole experiments consist of three modules:general experiments,integrated experiments,and research-based experiments.The research-based experiment is given as an instance.We herein figure out the instruction of experiment contents and guidance of learning methods,corresponding to various requirements in different teaching stage.In our opinion,post-graduates can act as teaching-assistants,which will facilitate undergraduates to participate in genetic experiments,improve their ability to operate by hand,and foster their innovative consciousness and scientific-thinking ability.

学科交叉融合:“经贸+外语”复合型人才培养新路径

服务经贸新业态新模式,培养“经贸+外语”复合型人才既是回应新形势下国际经济发展的时代诉求,也是新文科背景下经贸人才培养和质量提升的必然选择。应用型本科高校在经贸专业人才培养上,要主动顺应新经济新形势发展需求,以推动学科交叉融合为抓手,通过人才培养方案再优化、融通课程体系再聚焦、跨界师资团队再聚合、大学科综合平台再激活、多元人才评价再赋能,建立起学科交叉融合的人才培养新机制,开辟高质量“经贸+外语”复合型人才培养新路径。

Highly porous nitrogen-doped biochar nanosheets for high-performance Li-Se batteries

Efficient development and utilization of biomass-based materials can not only make up for the demand for lowcarbon energy and reduce environmental pollution,but also be an important means for China to achieve the goal of"emission peak"and"carbon neutrality".In this work,a traditional Chinese medicine(ophiopogon japonicus)residue was successfully transformed into porous,high-surface.

Metal-organic framework nanofilm enhances serum metabolic profiles for diagnosis and subtype of cardiovascular disease

Cardiovascular disease(CVD)is a global health problem and is thought to be responsible for almost half of all deaths in the world.Nevertheless,currently available diagnostic methods for CVD are strongly depended on clinical observation and monitoring,which commonly result in false diagnosis.Herein,an attractive strategy of a metal-organic framework(MOF)nanofilm-based laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry(LDI-MS)was developed for enhancing serum metabolic profiling,which could provide precise diagnosis and molecular subtyping of CVD.The porous MOF nanofilm fabricated on indium-tin oxide(ITO)glass possessed enhanced ionization efficiency and size-exclusion effect,which endowed it as substrate with high sensitivity and selectivity for serum metabolites.Furthermore,the MOF nanofilm with uniform surface and high orientation provided high-quality and high-reproducibility serum metabolic profiles(SMPs)without any tedious pretreatment.Further analysis of extracted serum metabolic fingerprints could successfully distinguish patients with CVD from healthy controls and also differentiate two major subtypes of CVD.This work not only extends the application of MOF nanofilm as an attractive MS probe,but also provide an alternative way for precise diagnosis of CVD in molecular level.

Receptor-interacting protein (RIP) kinase family

Receptor-interacting protein(RIP)kinases are a group of threonine/serine protein kinases with a relatively conserved kinase domain but distinct non-kinase regions.A number of different domain structures,such as death and caspase activation and recruitment domain(CARD)domains,were found in different RIP family members,and these domains should be keys in determining the specific function of each RIP kinase.It is known that RIP kinases participate in different biological processes,including those in innate immunity,but their downstream substrates are largely unknown.This review will give an overview of the structures and functions of RIP family members,and an update of recent progress in RIP kinase research.

Copper(Ⅱ) ions-immobilized virus-like hollow covalent organic frameworks for highly efficient capture and sensitive analysis of amyloid beta-peptide 1–42 by MALDI-MS

Amyloid beta-peptide 1-42(Aβ1-42)is one of the biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease,and its selective capture and quantitative detection are important for diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.Herein,copper(Ⅱ)ions-immobilized virus-like hollow covalent organic frameworks(V-HCOFs@Cu^(2+))were synthesized by a facile approach.The as-prepared V-HCOFs@Cu^(2+)showed unique morphology,ultra-high specific surface(2552 m^(2)/g),uniform mesoporous structure(3.2 nm),superior chemical stability and abundant binding sites.Based on these excellent properties,the V-HCOFs@Cu^(2+)could be adopted as an ideal enrichment probe for highly efficient capture of Aβ1-42,exhibiting high adsorption capacity(320 mg/g),and fast adsorption equilibration time(3 min).In addition,an attractive approach of the V-HCOFs@Cu^(2+)-based matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry(MALDI-MS)was developed for the rapid screening and quantitative analysis of Aβ1-42 in human serum by using C-peptide as an internal standard,which exhibited low limit of detection(LOD,0.2 fmol/μL),and satisfactory recovery.This work provides an alternative solution for enrichment of biomarkers and also offers the potential applications of COFs in clinical analysis.

Redesign of a short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase for asymmetric synthesis of ethyl (R)-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutanoate based on per-residue free energy decomposition and sequence conservatism analysis

As an important building block for the synthesis of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors,ethyl(R)-2-hy-droxyl-4-phenylbutanoate[(R)-HPBE]has attracted increasing attention.The key to industrial biosynthesis of(R)-HPBE is a biocatalyst that efficiently reduces ethyl 2-oxo-4-phenylbutanoate(OPBE)with high R-enantiose-lectivity.This paper proposed a strategy for identifying key residues involved in enantioselectivity control based on per-residue free energy decomposition and sequence conservatism analysis.Using this strategy,4 noncon-servative sites with high energy contribution to binding of OPBE were chosen as engineering targets,generating variant Mu27 with 99%conversion and 98%(R)ee value at substrate loading of up to 500 mmol/L.MD simu-lations suggested the higher stability and formation probability of Mu27-OPBEproR prereaction state as key rea-sons for the excellent R-enantioselectivity of Mu27 towards OPBE.The success in this study provides a viable approach for rational design of alcohol dehydrogenases with high enantioselectivity towards unnatural substrates.