基金The authors are grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments, which significantly improved the manuscript. The authors thank fellow members of staff of the Palaeoecology group in Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences for assistance during sample collection and productive critical discussions Professor Yun Fu from the Central Laboratory of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences for assistance during the TN mea- surements+1 种基金 Dr. Olesya V. Bondarenko, from the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, for her help and support during sample preparation Yi-Min Tian from the Faculty of Land Resource Engi- neering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, for her assistance when preparing and observing thin sections. The authors are grateful to Dr. Andrea Kern from the USGS and Dr. Dayou Zhai from Yunnan University for fruitful discussions and suggestions to improve the manuscript. This study was supported by National Nat- ural Science Foundation of China (U1502231), the CAS 135 Program (XTBG-F01), and a grant from the China Scholarship Council to J. Lebreton Anberr6e (2013GCX606). Shihu Li and Chenglong Deng acknowledge support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41404056), and the State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution (11431780). Shu-Feng Li was supported by the Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Paleobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology, CAS (15310). This work is part of the NECLIME (Neogene Climate of Eurasia) network.