Study on the Culture Conditions for Hairy Roots of Aconitum coreanum( Levl.) Raipaics

[Objective]This study aimed to investigate the culture conditions for hairy roots of Aconitum coreanum(Levl.)Raipaics and optimize the amplification culture conditions in bioreactors,thus providing basis for large-scale production of A.coreanum hairy roots.[Method]The effects of different p H,culture modes and culture vessels on the growth of hairy roots were compared to obtain the optimal culture conditions for A.coreanum hairy roots.Moreover,the effects of medium volume and inoculation mode on bioreactor culture of A.coreanum hairy roots were investigated to analyze the feasibility of amplification culture of hairy roots in bioreactors.[Result]After autoclaving,medium p H was reduced slightly and the clarity of medium varied.To be specific,A.coreanum hairy roots cultured in medium at p H 5.80 exhibited the best growth.A.coreanum hairy roots cultured in liquid medium displayed more rapid growth than hairy roots cultured in solid medium.Medium p H and electrical conductivity(EC)varied with the extension of culture time.The yield and propagation coefficient of A.coreanum hairy roots were positively correlated with the size of culture vessels.The growth of hairy roots cultured in bioreactors were influenced by medium volumes and inoculation modes.[Conclusion]The growth of A.coreanum hairy roots were significantly influenced by medium p H,culture modes and culture vessels.A.coreanum hairy roots cultured in bioreactors exhibited high yield and large propagation coefficient.According to the results,the relationship between ventilation volume and hairy root density is crucial to the amplification culture of A.coreanum hairy roots.

Applying DNA Barcoding to Identify Actinidia in the Northeast of China

Identification of kiwifruit germplasm materials is the basis of protecting and utilizing these resources. However,identifying Actinidia arguta varieties based on morphology is difficult,especially for non-specialists. In this study,we collected 180 specimens comprising 60 varieties of three species( A. arguta,A. kolomikta,and A. polygama) from the Northeast of China. The emphasis of our study was on the feasibility of identifying A. arguta varieties. Here,we used common analysis methods( genetic distance,phylogenetic analysis and the DNA barcoding gap) and SNPs analysis to evaluate the discriminatory power of different DNA barcoding markers. The results revealed that common methods were insufficient to identify A. arguta varieties but SNPs analysis based on DNA barcoden was the potential method for identifying A. arguta varieties. Besides,Our study agree that DNA barcoding could be used to analysis the evaluation genetic relationship of the Actinidia plants.

富含硅的天然矿泉水降血脂活性研究

探讨富含硅的天然矿泉水(富硅水)对大鼠饲喂高脂饲料造成的高脂血症预防作用。将成年雄性Wistar大鼠做模型测定各组大鼠的体重及肝指数,检测血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨基转移酶(AST)、总胆固醇(TC)和甘油三酯(TG),并做肝脏病理学检查。结果表明,富硅水各剂量组血清甘油三酯显著降低(P<0.01);血清中ALT与AST极显著降低(P<0.01);均显著降低肝指数(3.99±0.19)%,(4.07±0.19)%,(3.97±0.29)%;同时病理组织学显示富硅水能明显改善大鼠的肝细胞脂肪变性。富硅水能够有效预防高脂模型引起的高脂血症的发生或发展。

Prevalence of Anti-endothelial Cell Antibodies in Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Associated with Connective Tissue Diseases

Objective To investigate the prevalence of anti-endothelial cell antibodies (AECAs) in the sera of connective tissue diseases (CTD) patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and its correlation with clinical manifestations. Methods AECAs in sera of 39 CTD patients with PAH,22 CTD patients without PAH,and 10 healthy donors as controls were detected with Western blotting. The prevalence of different AECAs in different groups was compared and its correlation with clinical manifestations was also investigated. Results The prevalence of AECAs was 82.1% in CTD patients with PAH,72.7% in CTD patients without PAH,and 20.0% in healthy donors. Anti-22 kD AECA was only detected in CTD patients with PAH (15.4%). Anti-75 kD AECA was more frequently detected in CTD patients with PAH than in those without PAH (51.3% vs. 22.7%,P<0.05). In CTD patients with PAH,anti-75 kD AECA was more frequently detected in those with Raynaud’s phenomenon or with positive anti-RNP antibody. Conclusion AECAs could be frequently detected in CTD patients with or without PAH,while anti-22 kD and anti-75 kD AECA might be specific in CTD patients with PAH.

Automatic software fault localization based on artificial bee colony

Software debugging accounts for a vast majority of the financial and time costs in software developing and maintenance.Thus, approaches of software fault localization that can help automate the debugging process have become a hot topic in the field of software engineering. Given the great demand for software fault localization, an approach based on the artificial bee colony(ABC) algorithm is proposed to be integrated with other related techniques. In this process, the source program is initially instrumented after analyzing the dependence information. The test case sets are then compiled and run on the instrumented program, and execution results are input to the ABC algorithm. The algorithm can determine the largest fitness value and best food source by calculating the average fitness of the employed bees in the iterative process. The program unit with the highest suspicion score corresponding to the best test case set is regarded as the final fault localization. Experiments are conducted with the TCAS program in the Siemens suite. Results demonstrate that the proposed fault localization method is effective and efficient. The ABC algorithm can efficiently avoid the local optimum, and ensure the validity of the fault location to a larger extent.

Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Gene Analysis of Lonicera caerulea L. by RNA-seq and DGE

Fruit of Lonicera caerulea L. is a rich source of phenolic compounds such as phenolic acids as well as anthocyanins,proanthocyanidins and other flavonoids,which display potential health-promoting effects. However,its genetics and genomic information is limited. Transcriptome and digital gene expression( DGE) profiles of fruit at four different development stages were compared. Related genes with anthocyanin biosynthesis were compared using real-time quantitative PCR( qRT-PCR). RNA-Seq generated 6. 26-Gb clean reads,which was then de novo assembled into 45,656 UniG enes with a mean length 837 bp. A total of 7 928 unigenes were annotated into 32 known metabolic or signaling pathways in which a few primary,intermediate,and secondary metabolic pathways are directly related to fruit quality. The result of DGE and qRT-PCR indicates that UFGT( comp20132_c0) may play a key role in honeysuckle coloration. This provides a reference for the study of complicated metabolism in non-model perennial species.

Design and Implementation for Ladder Diagram in Hydropower Simulation System Based on All Paths Searching Algorithm

An approach to design and implement the control function of LD (Ladder Diagram) in the hydropower simulation system based on all paths searching algorithm is proposed in this paper. LD is widely used as a programming language for PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), but it doesn’t be executed automatically in the hydropower simulation system which is a software system, and there is no compiler or interpretation for LD in it. The approach in this paper is not only to present a graphical interface to design LD, but also implement its control function through transforming it to a corresponding undigraph, in which, all paths be-tween two vertexes (live wire and null line) are searched by the proposed algorithm. An application example is presented to verify the validity of the algorithm and shows that the algorithm is correct and practicable. In addition, how to implement the control function based on object-oriented thought is introduced. The running time is shown at last, which proves that the system with the algorithm can meet the real-time request in the hydropower simulation system.

4-1BB (CD137) Ligand Enhanced Anti-Tumor Immune Response against Mouse Forestomach Carcinoma In Vivo

Cancer occurrence and development has been demonstrated to be associated with escape from immune surveillance, and low costimulatory molecules expression has been considered as one of the important reasons for cancer evading the immune system. 4-1BB (CD137) is a costimulatory molecule expressed on the surface of activated T cells. Interaction of 4-1BB with its natural ligand (4-1BBL) expressed on antigen presenting cells (APCs) has been shown to amplify T-cell mediated immunity. We therefore examined whether murine cancer cells expressing 4-1BBL could produce anti-tumor effects in inoculated mice. Mouse forestomach carcinoma (MFC) cells were transfected with 4-1BBL gene (MFC/4-1BBL). The proliferation of the transduced cells in vitro was not different from that of parental cells. However, MFC/4-1BBL cells developed small tumors and induced higher cytotoxicity of tumor infiltration lymphocyte (TIL). Production of cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-2) in serum and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity of splenocytes from mice immunized with mitomycin C (MMC)-treated MFC/4-1BBL cells were significantly higher than that from mice immunized with MMC-treated parental MFC and MFC/ pMKITneo cells. These results suggest that modification of cancer cells with 4-1BBL gene can produce anti-tumor immune responses.

Identifying influential spreaders in complex networks based on density entropy and community structure

In recent years,exploring the relationship between community structure and node centrality in complex networks has gained significant attention from researchers,given its fundamental theoretical significance and practical implications.To address the impact of network communities on target nodes and effectively identify highly influential nodes with strong propagation capabilities,this paper proposes a novel influential spreaders identification algorithm based on density entropy and community structure(DECS).The proposed method initially integrates a community detection algorithm to obtain the community partition results of the networks.It then comprehensively considers the internal and external density entropies and degree centrality of the target node to evaluate its influence.Experimental validation is conducted on eight networks of varying sizes through susceptible–infected–recovered(SIR)propagation experiments and network static attack experiments.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms five other node centrality methods under the same comparative conditions,particularly in terms of information spreading capability,thereby enhancing the accurate identification of critical nodes in networks.

高稳定、低电阻聚多巴胺甲基丙烯酰胺-聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶及其在脑机接口中的应用

硬质金属电极与柔软人体皮肤之间的界面失效会导致脑机接口器件的信号漂移和性能不稳定,影响脑电信号的精确采集.本研究设计并制备了一种聚多巴胺甲基丙烯酰胺-聚丙烯酰胺(PDMA-PAAM)水凝胶.将多巴胺引入到聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶中,通过多巴胺的氨基与邻苯二酚基团在有机-无机界面上建立共价和非共价相互作用提高了界面粘结力.金属电极与人体皮肤之间形成了强附着和有效模量过渡体系,PDMA-PAAM水凝胶与猪皮之间的剥离力达到22 N m^(-1).此外,通过添加氯化钠和甘油,PDMA-PAAM水凝胶具有稳定的电导率和室温下60天以上的长期使用寿命.将本研究制备的PDMA-PAAM水凝胶集成在柔性金电极上用于脑机接口,采集到的脑电信号强度和波形与同类商用产品基本一致,且PDMA-PAAM水凝胶柔性电极具有更稳定的界面.

Ni-Co bimetallic catalyst for CH_(4) reforming with CO_(2)

A co-precipitation method was employed to prepare Ni/Al_(2)O_(3)-ZrO_(2),Co/Al_(2)O_(3)-ZrO_(2)and Ni-Co/Al_(2)O_(3)-ZrO_(2)catalysts.Their properties were characterized by N_(2) adsorption(BET),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),temperature-programmed reduction(TPR),temperature-programmed desorption(CO_(2)-TPD),and temperature-programmed surface reaction(CH_(4)-TPSR and CO_(2)-TPSR).Ni-Co/Al_(2)O_(3)-ZrO_(2)bimetallic catalyst has good performance in the reduction of active components Ni,Co and CO_(2)adsorption.Compared with mono-metallic catalyst,bimetallic catalyst could provide more active sites and CO_(2)adsorption sites(C+CO_(2)=2CO)for the methane-reforming reaction,and a more appropriate force formed between active components and composite support(SMSI)for the catalytic reaction.According to the CH_(4)-CO_(2)-TPSR,there were 80.9%and 81.5%higher CH_(4) and CO_(2)conversion over Ni-Co/Al_(2)O_(3)-ZrO_(2)catalyst,and its better resistance to carbon deposition,less than 0.5%of coke after 4 h reaction,was found by TGA.The high activity and excellent anti-coking of the Ni-Co/Al_(2)O_(3)-ZrO_(2)catalyst were closely related to the synergy between Ni and Co active metal,the strong metal-support interaction and the use of composite support.