OH+HCl→Cl+H_(2)O反应中的反应物转动激发效应

本文在最近构建的F12a势能面上,对OH+HCl→Cl+H_(2)O的一系列反应物转动激发态进行了势能平均的五维含时波包计算,得到了初始态选择的反应几率和速率常数。研究发现,除了很低碰撞能量,单独激发反应物HCl到j_(1)=2或者OH到j_(2)=1得到了总反应几率的最大值.在低能区域,随着OH转动激发的增加,反应几率的共振增强迅速减小,导致250K以下的速率常数迅速下降HCl和OH同时转动激发的速率常数不是单独激发结果的简单叠加。最后,通过对(5,5)态以下初始转动态的速率常数进行玻尔兹曼平均,得到了反应的热速率常数,与实验结果基本吻合。

SND1作为肺腺癌癌基因和预后标志物的鉴定与分析

背景与目的 转录因子(transcription factor,TF)可以结合特异性序列,对下游基因起到促进或抑制的作用,对肿瘤的发生、迁移、侵袭等生物学过程都有重要的影响。葡萄球菌含核酸酶结构域l(Staphylococcal nuclease-containing structural domain 1,SND1)作为一种转录共激活因子,被认为是肿瘤治疗的一个潜在靶点。然而,其在肺腺癌(lung adenocarcinoma,LUAD)中的表达及作用尚不清楚。本研究主要探索SND1作为LUAD癌基因在LUAD中的作用。方法 从癌症基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA)、基因表达综合数据库(Gene Expression Omnibus,GEO)、临床蛋白质组肿瘤分析联盟(Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium,CPTAC)和人类蛋白图库(Human Protein Atlas,HPA)等数据库获取数据,探讨SND1表达与LUAD患者预后、免疫细胞浸润和亚细胞定位的关系;利用EdU法、CCK-8法、流式细胞术、细胞划痕实验、Transwell实验、蛋白印迹实验等体外实验探讨SND1在LUAD中的功能作用。结果 在LUAD中SND1的表达上调,且与患者预后不良有关。SND1主要存在于LUAD细胞的细胞质中。富集分析表明SND1与细胞周期密切相关,包括DNA复制和染色体分离等。免疫细胞浸润分析显示,SND1与多种免疫细胞群有关,包括T细胞、B细胞、细胞毒性细胞和树突状细胞。体外研究表明沉默SND1可抑制LUAD细胞的增殖、侵袭和迁移,下调SND1可阻断G1期细胞周期进程。结论 SND1可能是LUAD重要的预后生物标志物,其可促进LUAD细胞的增殖和迁移。

工作空间分区的机器人非概率可靠性标定方法研究

全工作空间域的高精度定位是超大工作空间机器人实现全范围精密作业的关键。本文以提高机器人全工作空间域内参数标定的可靠性和空间适应性为目标,研究机器人自身诸多不确定性的非概率量化方法,分析不确定性参数在不同工作空间域对机器人末端定位精度的影响差异,依据定位精度非概率可靠度指标对全工作空间域分区,提出一种在工作空间分区框架下对机器人进行非概率可靠性标定的方法。实例表明,分区标定补偿后,x、y、z三个方向的误差区间的下界和上界平均值分别下降了40.16%、59.36%和59.08%、40.87%以及54.24%、33.98%,且补偿后的机器人响应速度快,运动过程中波动小,证明了本文方法在缩小全工作域内末端误差范围,提升机器人的绝对定位精度及标定的空间适应性方面的有效性。

New roles of tumor-derived exosomes in tumor microenvironment

Throughout tumorigenesis, the co-evolution of tumor cells and their surrounding microenvironment leads to the development of malignant phenotypes. Cellular communication within the tumor microenvironment(TME) plays a critical role in influencing various aspects of tumor progression, including invasion and metastasis. The release of exosomes, a type of extracellular vesicle, by most cell types in the body, is an essential mediator of intercellular communication. A growing body of research indicates that tumor-derived exosomes(TDEs) significantly expedite tumor progression through multiple mechanisms, inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and macrophage polarization, enhancing angiogenesis, and aiding in the immune evasion of tumor cells. Herein, we describe the formation and characteristics of the TME, and summarize the contents of TDEs and their diverse functions in modulating tumor development. Furthermore, we explore potential applications of TDEs in tumor diagnosis and treatment.

Phosphorylated cellulose nanofibers establishing reliable ion-sieving barriers for durable lithium-sulfur batteries

The shuttle effect is among the most characteristic and formidable challenges in the pursuit of high-performance lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.Herein,phosphorylated cellulose nanofibers(pCNF)are intentionally engineered to establish an ion-sieving barrier against polysulfide shuttling and thereby improve battery performance.The phosphorylation,involving the grafting of phosphate groups onto the cellulose backbone,imparts an exceptional electronegativity that repels the polysulfide anions from penetrating through the separator.Moreover,the electrolyte wettability and Li^(+)transfer can be significantly promoted by the polar nature of pCNF and the facile Li^(+)disassociation.As such,rational ion management is realized,contributing to enhanced reversibility in both sulfur and lithium electrochemistry.As a result,Li-S cells equipped with the self-standing pCNF separator demonstrate outstanding long-term cyclability with a minimum fading rate of 0.013%per cycle over 1000 cycles at 1 C,and a decent areal capacity of 5.37 mA h cm^(-2) even under elevated sulfur loading of 5.0 mg cm^(-2) and limited electrolyte of 6.0 mL g^(-1).This work provides a facile and effective pathway toward the well-tamed shuttle effect and highly durable Li-S batteries.

Harness High-Temperature Thermal Energy via Elastic Thermoelectric Aerogels

Despite notable progress in thermoelectric(TE)materials and devices,developing TE aerogels with high-temperature resistance,superior TE performance and excellent elasticity to enable self-powered high-temperature monitoring/warning in industrial and wearable applications remains a great challenge.Herein,a highly elastic,flame-retardant and high-temperature-resistant TE aerogel,made of poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)/single-walled carbon nanotube(PEDOT:PSS/SWCNT)composites,has been fabricated,displaying attractive compression-induced power factor enhancement.The as-fabricated sensors with the aerogel can achieve accurately pressure stimuli detection and wide temperature range monitoring.Subsequently,a flexible TE generator is assembled,consisting of 25 aerogels connected in series,capable of delivering a maximum output power of 400μW when subjected to a temperature difference of 300 K.This demonstrates its outstanding high-temperature heat harvesting capability and promising application prospects for real-time temperature monitoring on industrial high-temperature pipelines.Moreover,the designed self-powered wearable sensing glove can realize precise wide-range temperature detection,high-temperature warning and accurate recognition of human hand gestures.The aerogel-based intelligent wearable sensing system developed for firefighters demonstrates the desired self-powered and highly sensitive high-temperature fire warning capability.Benefitting from these desirable properties,the elastic and high-temperature-resistant aerogels present various promising applications including self-powered high-temperature monitoring,industrial overheat warning,waste heat energy recycling and even wearable healthcare.

SWIR FluorescenceImaging In Vivo Monitoring and Evaluating Implanted M2 Macrophages in Skeletal Muscle Regeneration

Skeletal muscle has a robust regeneration ability that is impaired by severe injury,disease,and aging.resulting in a decline in skeletal muscle function.Therefore,improving skeletal muscle regeneration is a key challenge in treating skeletal muscle-related disorders.Owing to their significant role in tissue regeneration,implantation of M2 macrophages(M2MФ)has great potential for improving skeletal muscle regeneration.Here,we present a short-wave infrared(SWIR)fluorescence imaging technique to obtain more in vivo information for an in-depth evaluation of the skeletal muscle regeneration effect after M2MФtransplantation.SWIR fluorescence imaging was employed to track implanted M2MФin the injured skeletal muscle of mouse models.It is found that the implanted M2MФaccumulated at the injury site for two weeks.Then,SWIR fluorescence imaging of blood vessels showed that M2MФimplantation could improve the relative perfusion ratio on day 5(1.09±0.09 vs 0.85±0.05;p=0.01)and day 9(1.38±0.16 vs 0.95±0.03;p=0.01)post-injury,as well as augment the degree of skeletal muscle regencration on day 13 post-injury.Finally,multiple linear regression analyses determined that post-injury time and relative perfusion ratio could be used as predictive indicators to evaluate skeletal muscle regeneration.These results provide more in vivo details about M2MФin skeletal muscle regeneration and confirm that M2MФcould promote angiogenesis and improve the degree of skeletal muscle repair,which will guide the research and development of M2MФimplantation to improve skeletal muscle regeneration.

Genome-wide association study of seedling nitrogen-use efficiency-associated traits in common wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)

Nitrogen(N)fertilizer application is essential for crop-plant growth and development.Identifying genetic loci associated with N-use efficiency(NUE)could increase wheat yields and reduce environmental pollution caused by overfertilization.We subjected a panel of 389 wheat accessions to N and chlorate(a nitrate analog)treatments to identify quantitative trait loci(QTL)controlling NUE-associated traits at the wheat seedling stage.Genotyping the panel with a 660K single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)array,we identified 397 SNPs associated with N-sensitivity index and chlorate inhibition rate.These SNPs were merged into 49 QTL,of which eight were multi-environment stable QTL and 27 were located near previously reported QTL.A set of 135 candidate genes near the 49 QTL included TaBOX(F-box family protein)and TaERF(ethylene-responsive transcription factor).A Tabox mutant was more sensitive to low-N stress than the wild-type plant.We developed two functional markers for Hap 1,the favorable allele of TaBOX.

FPGA-based position reconstruction method for neutron beam flux spatial distribution measurement in BNCT

A new measurement method for the spatial distribution of neutron beam flux in boron neutron capture therapy(BNCT)is being developed based on the two-dimensional Micromegas detector.To address the issue of long processing times in traditional offline position reconstruction methods,this paper proposes a field programmable gate array based online position reconstruction method utilizing the micro-time projection chamber principle.This method encapsulates key technical aspects:a self-adaptive serial link technique built upon the dynamical adjustment of the delay chain length,fast sorting,a coordinate-matching technique based on the mapping between signal timestamps and random access memory(RAM)addresses,and a precise start point-merging technique utilizing a circular combined RAM.The performance test of the selfadaptive serial link shows that the bit error rate of the link is better than 10-12 at a confidence level of 99%,ensuring reliable data transmission.The experiment utilizing the readout electronics and Micromegas detector shows a spatial resolution of approximately 1.4 mm,surpassing the current method’s resolution level of 5 mm.The beam experiment confirms that the readout electronics system can obtain the flux spatial distribution of neutron beams online,thus validating the feasibility of the position reconstruction method.The online position reconstruction method avoids traditional methods,such as bubble sorting and traversal searching,simplifies the design of the logic firmware,and reduces the time complexity from O(n2)to O(n).This study contributes to the advancement in measuring neutron beam flux for BNCT.

Fatigue Crack Propagation Law of Corroded Steel Box Girders in Long Span Bridges

In order to investigate the fatigue performance of orthotropic anisotropic steel bridge decks,this study realizes the simulation of the welding process through elastic-plastic finite element theory,thermal-structural sequential coupling,and the birth-death element method.The simulated welding residual stresses are introduced into the multiscale finite element model of the bridge as the initial stress.Furthermore,the study explores the impact of residual stress on crack propagation in the fatigue-vulnerable components of the corroded steel box girder.The results indicate that fatigue cracks at the weld toe of the top deck,the weld root of the top deck,and the opening of the transverse diaphragm will not propagate under the action of a standard vehicle load.However,the inclusion of residual stress leads to the propagation of these cracks.When considering residual stress,the fatigue crack propagation paths at the weld toe of the transverse diaphragm and the U-rib weld toe align with those observed in actual bridges.In the absence of residual stress,the cracks at the toe of the transverse diaphragm with a 15%mass loss rate are categorized as type I cracks.Conversely,when residual stress is considered,these cracks become I-II composite cracks.Residual stress significantly alters the cumulative energy release rate of the three fracturemodes.Therefore,incorporating the influence of residual stress is essential when assessing the fatigue performance of corroded steel box girders in long-span bridges.

From dichotomy to diversity:deciphering the multifaceted roles of tumor-associated macrophages in cancer progression and therapy

Macrophages are innate immune cells that are ubiquitously distributed throughout the vertebrate body.Macrophages orchestrate sophisticated processes in development,homeostasis,immunity,and disease1.Macrophages residing in tumor tissues are commonly known as tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)and promote or inhibit tumor growth depending on the activation state2.

Advances in wearable and implantable bioelectronics for precision medicine

The continuous pursuit for a better quality of life promotes continuous advancements in intelligent technology.Flexible wearable and implantable bioelectronics have emerged as an innovative complement to rigid material-based electronic devices[1-3].Due to their distinct advantages in terms of ductile,ultrathin,and biocompatible features,these elastic and soft bioelectronic devices can be seamlessly mounted onto various real or artificial tissues and organs.

Clinical characteristics of testicular torsion and factors influencing testicular salvage in children:A 12-year study in tertiary center

BACKGROUND Testicular torsion is the most common acute scrotum worldwide and mainly occurs in children and adolescents.Studies have demonstrated that the duration of symptoms and torsion grade lead to different outcomes in children diagnosed with testicular torsion.AIM To predict the possibility of testicular salvage(TS)in patients with testicular torsion in a tertiary center.METHODS We reviewed the charts of 75 pediatric patients with acute testicular torsion during a 12-year period from November 2011 to July 2023 at the Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine independent predictors of testicular torsion.The data included clinical findings,physical examinations,laboratory data,color Doppler ultrasound findings,operating results,age,presenting institution status,and follow-up results.RESULTS Our study included 75 patients.TS was possible in 57.3%of all patients;testicular torsion occurred mostly in winter,and teenagers aged 11-15 years old accounted for 60%.Univariate logistic regression analyses revealed that younger age(P=0.09),body mass index(P=0.004),torsion angle(P=0.013),red blood cell count(P=0.03),neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(P=0.009),and initial presenting institution(P<0.001)were associated with orchiectomy.In multivariate analysis,only the initial presenting institution predicted TS(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The initial presenting institution has a predictive value for predicting TS in patients with testicular torsion.Children with scrotal pain should be admitted to a tertiary hospital as soon as possible.

Liver histological changes in untreated chronic hepatitis B patients in indeterminate phase

BACKGROUND Studies with large size samples on the liver histological changes of indeterminate phase chronic hepatitis B(CHB)patients were not previously conducted.AIM To assess the liver histological changes in the indeterminate phase CHB patients using liver biopsy.METHODS The clinical and laboratory data of 1532 untreated CHB patients were collected,and all patients had least once liver biopsy from January 2015 to December 2021.The significant differences among different phases of CHB infection were compared with t-test,and the risk factors of significant liver histological changes were analyzed by the multivariate logistic regression analysis.RESULTS Among 1532 untreated CHB patients,814(53.13%)patients were in the indeterminate phase.Significant liver histological changes(defined as biopsy score≥G2 and/or≥S2)were found in 488/814(59.95%)CHB patients in the indete-rminate phase.Significant liver histological changes were significant differences among different age,platelets(PLTs),and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)subgroup in indeterminate patient.Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that age≥40 years old[adjust odd risk(aOR),1.44;95%confidence interval(CI):1.06-1.97;P=0.02],PLTs≤150×10^(9)/L(aOR,2.99;95%CI:1.85-4.83;P<0.0001),and ALT≥upper limits of normal(aOR,1.48;95%CI:1.08,2.05,P=0.0163)were independent risk factors for significant liver histological changes in CHB patients in the indeterminate phase.CONCLUSION Our results suggested that significant liver histological changes were not rare among the untreated CHB patients in indeterminate phase,and additional strategies are urgently required for the management of these patients.

Characterization of acute-on-chronic liver diseases: A multicenter prospective cohort study

BACKGROUND Acute-on-chronic liver disease(AoCLD)accounts for the majority of patients hospitalized in the Department of Hepatology or Infectious Diseases.AIM To explore the characterization of AoCLD to provide theoretical guidance for the accurate diagnosis and prognosis of AoCLD.METHODS Patients with AoCLD from the Chinese Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure(ACLF)study cohort were included in this study.The clinical characteristics and outcomes,and the 90-d survival rate associated with each clinical type of AoCLD were analyzed,using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test.RESULTS A total of 3375 patients with AoCLD were enrolled,including 1679(49.7%)patients with liver cirrhosis acute decompensation(LC-AD),850(25.2%)patients with ACLF,577(17.1%)patients with chronic hepatitis acute exacer-bation(CHAE),and 269(8.0%)patients with liver cirrhosis active phase(LC-A).The most common cause of chronic liver disease(CLD)was HBV infection(71.4%).The most common precipitants of AoCLD was bacterial infection(22.8%).The 90-d mortality rates of each clinical subtype of AoCLD were 43.4%(232/535)for type-C ACLF,36.0%(36/100)for type-B ACLF,27.0%(58/215)for type-A ACLF,9.0%(151/1679)for LC-AD,3.0%(8/269)for LC-A,and 1.2%(7/577)for CHAE.CONCLUSION HBV infection is the main cause of CLD,and bacterial infection is the main precipitant of AoCLD.The most common clinical type of AoCLD is LC-AD.Early diagnosis and timely intervention are needed to reduce the mortality of patients with LC-AD or ACLF.

肺部结节(≤2 cm)楔形切除胸外科全国专家共识(2023版)

肺癌是全球癌症相关死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤。早期非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)的治疗标准是根治性肺叶切除术,而近年来的各项研究发现肺部结节(≤2 cm)进行亚肺叶切除术不劣于标准肺叶切除术,甚至能改善患者预后。这些重要研究发现对于推进胸外科肺部结节(≤2 cm)的楔形切除形成行业共识与规范具有切实有效的积极意义。本共识的目的是提出肺部结节(≤2 cm)楔形切除在胸外科领域的全国专家共识。胸外科肺部结节(≤2 cm)楔形切除专家共识(2023版)编写委员会的各位专家共同参与了《肺部结节(≤2 cm)楔形切除胸外科全国专家共识(2023版)》的修订工作。专家们根据近年来国内外肺部结节(≤2 cm)楔形切除的临床研究进展,结合我国胸外科领域楔形切除的治疗规范,共同撰写了本次肺部结节(≤2 cm)楔形切除的全国专家共识。本共识从以下方面进行了整理:(1)肺部结节(≤2 cm)楔形切除的适应证;(2)肺部结节(≤2 cm)楔形切除的切除范围;(3)肺部结节(≤2 cm)适合楔形切除的方式。本次共识最终就8条推荐意见达成共识,并整理出5条尚存在争议、有待更多证据明确的意见,整合了全国胸外科各中心专家同道的意见,使得肺部结节(≤2 cm)的楔形切除更适应我国国情;使得肺部结节(≤2 cm)的楔形切除可以更加规范化、同质化地应用于临床。未来应基于我国肺癌诊治特点积累更多相关研究内容,以优化肺部结节(≤2 cm)的治疗决策。

Klotho在肺癌中的研究进展

Klotho基因最早作为一种抗衰老基因被发现,其编码的Klotho蛋白在人类的多种组织中都有表达,该蛋白最显著的功能是调节磷酸盐稳态。Klotho蛋白有抑制相关信号通路、降低氧化应激并抑制炎症反应的作用,而这些过程与癌症发生密切相关。Klotho蛋白是多种恶性肿瘤的抑制因子,其表达与肿瘤的发生发展和患者预后都有关系。肺癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其发病率和死亡率在所有恶性肿瘤中位居前列。本文就Klotho与肺癌的发病机制、治疗预后关系的研究进展进行综述,对探索与肺癌的诊疗预后相关的新标志物和新靶点有重要意义。

Design and fabrication of 10-kV silicon–carbide p-channel IGBTs with hexagonal cells and step space modulated junction termination extension

10-kV 4 H–SiC p-channel insulated gate bipolar transistors(IGBTs) are designed, fabricated, and characterized in this paper. The IGBTs have an active area of 2.25 mm^2 with a die size of 3 mm× 3 mm. A step space modulated junction termination extension(SSM-JTE) structure is introduced and fabricated to improve the blocking performance of the IGBTs.The SiC p-channel IGBTs with SSM-JTE termination exhibit a leakage current of only 50 nA at-10 kV. To improve the on-state characteristics of SiC IGBTs, the hexagonal cell(H-cell) structure is designed and compared with the conventional interdigital cell(I-cell) structure. At an on-state current of 50 A/cm^2, the voltage drops of I-cell IGBT and H-cell IGBT are10.1 V and 8.3 V respectively. Meanwhile, on the assumption that the package power density is 300 W/cm^2, the maximum permissible current densities of the I-cell IGBT and H-cell IGBT are determined to be 34.2 A/cm^2 and 38.9 A/cm^2 with forward voltage drops of 8.8 V and 7.8 V, respectively. The differential specific on-resistance of I-cell structure and H-cell structure IGBT are 72.36 m?·cm^2 and 56.92 m?·cm^2, respectively. These results demonstrate that H-cell structure silicon carbide IGBT with SSM-JTE is a promising candidate for high power applications.

Investigation of a Community Outbreak of Diarrhea Associated with Drinking Water in Suburb of Chengdu, China

Objectives: To identify the etiology and source after recognition of diarrhea outbreak is associated with drinking water in suburb of Chengdu. Methods: Both unmatched case control and retrospective cohort study were conducted. 131 targets including 56 suspected patients were recruited for case control study, while 463 residents were selected for cohort study. Stool, water and environmental samples were collected for laboratory testing. Results: The proportion of case exposed to well water was 86% in case group compared with 51% in the controls during the epidemic period (OR = 6.14, P P P E. coli and Enterotoxigenic E. coli was positive in stool and river samples. Conclusions: This outbreak of diarrhea might be caused by several mixed opportunistic pathogens in well water contaminated from the river water.

老年肺癌外科治疗中国专家共识(2022版)

肺癌是我国60岁以上人群发病率及死亡率最高的癌症。随着社会人口老龄化的日趋严重及肺癌发病率的逐年升高,老年肺癌患者的治疗成为当今社会重点关注的问题。由于胸外科手术技术水平的提高以及加速康复外科在胸外科的应用,越来越多的老年患者可以耐受手术,同时得益于人民健康意识的提高和早诊早筛的普及,更多的肺癌在早期即被发现,使手术治疗的可能性得到提高。但考虑到老年患者的器官功能衰退,加之多种合并症、身体衰弱等因素,亟需针对老年人这一特殊群体的外科治疗方案。因此,我们汇聚了国内相关领域的专家,基于国内外相关最新研究结果,经过充分讨论,针对老年肺癌患者,在术前评估、手术策略方式和切除范围的选择、术中麻醉管理、术后管理等多个方面形成共识性意见,以期为临床工作提供参考和指导。