Transition metal dichalcogenides, featuring layered structures, have aroused enormous interest as a platform for novel physical phenomena and a wide range of potential applications. Among them, special interest has be...Transition metal dichalcogenides, featuring layered structures, have aroused enormous interest as a platform for novel physical phenomena and a wide range of potential applications. Among them, special interest has been placed upon WTe_2 and MoTe_2, which exhibit non-trivial topology both in single layer and bulk as well as pressure induced or enhanced superconductivity. We study another distorted IT material NbTe_2 through systematic electrical transport measurements. Intrinsic superconductivity with onset transition temperature(T_c^(onset)) up to 0.72 K is detected where the upper critical field(H_c) shows unconventional quasi-linear behavior,indicating spin-orbit coupling induced p-wave paring. Furthermore, a general model is proposed to fit the angledependent magnetoresistance, which reveals the Fermi surface anisotropy of NbTe_2. Finally, non-saturating linear magnetoresistance up to 50 T is observed and attributed to the quantum limit transport.展开更多
Despite the long availability of a traditional prophylactic vaccine containing the HBV surface antigen(HBsA g) and aluminum adjuvant, nearly 10% of the population remains unable to generate an effective immune respons...Despite the long availability of a traditional prophylactic vaccine containing the HBV surface antigen(HBsA g) and aluminum adjuvant, nearly 10% of the population remains unable to generate an effective immune response. Previous studies have indicated that hepatitis B virus(HBV) PreS 2-S is abundant in T/B cell epitopes, which induces a stronger immune response than HBsA g, particularly in terms of cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL) reaction. In the current study, the HBV PreS 2-S gene encoding an extra26 amino acids(PreS 2 C-terminus) located at the N-terminus of HBsA g was cloned into the pV CH1300 expression vector. Pre S2-S expressed in the methylotrophic yeast, Hansenula polymorpha, was produced at a yield of up to 250 mg/L. Subsequent purification steps involved hydrophobic adsorption to colloidal silica, ion-exchange chromatography and density ultracentrifugation. The final product was obtained with a total yield of ~15% and purity of ~99%. In keeping with previous studies, ~22 nm viruslike particles were detected using electron microscopy. The generated PreS 2-S antigen will be further studied for efficacy and safty in animals.展开更多
Online traffic simulation that feeds from online information to simulate vehicle movement in real-time has recently seen substantial advancement in the development of intelligent transportation systems and urban traff...Online traffic simulation that feeds from online information to simulate vehicle movement in real-time has recently seen substantial advancement in the development of intelligent transportation systems and urban traffic management.It has been a challenging problem due to three aspects:1)The diversity of traffic patterns due to heterogeneous layouts of urban intersections;2)The nature of complex spatiotemporal correlations;3)The requirement of dynamically adjusting the parameters of traffic models in a real-time system.To cater to these challenges,this paper proposes an online traffic simulation framework called automated urban traffic operation simulation via meta-learning(AUTOSIM).In particular,simulation models with various intersection layouts are automatically generated using an open-source simulation tool based on static traffic geometry attributes.Through a meta-learning technique,AUTOSIM enables an automated learning process for dynamic model settings of traffic scenarios featured with different spatiotemporal correlations.Besides,AUTOSIM is capable of adapting traffic model parameters according to dynamic traffic information in real-time by using a meta-learner.Through computational experiments,we demonstrate the effectiveness of the meta-learningbased framework that is capable of providing reliable supports to real-time traffic simulation and dynamic traffic operations.展开更多
Rice is a staple food for half of the world’s population,but it is a poor dietary source of calcium(Ca)due to the low concentration.It is an important issue to boost Ca concentration in this grain to improve Ca defic...Rice is a staple food for half of the world’s population,but it is a poor dietary source of calcium(Ca)due to the low concentration.It is an important issue to boost Ca concentration in this grain to improve Ca deficiency risk,but the mechanisms underlying Ca accumulation are poorly understood.Here,we obtained a rice(Oryza sativa)mutant with high shoot Ca accumulation.The mutant exhibited 26%-53% higher Ca in shoots than did wild-type rice(WT)at different Ca supplies.Ca concentration in the xylem sap was 36% higher in the mutant than in the WT.There was no difference in agronomic traits between the WT and mutant,but the mutant showed 25% higher Ca in the polished grain compared with the WT.Map-based cloning combined with a complementation test revealed that the mutant phenotype was caused by an 18-bp deletion of a gene,OsK5.2,belonging to the Shaker-like K+channel family.OsK5.2 was highly expressed in the mature region of the roots and its expression in the roots was not affected by Ca levels,but upregulated by low K.Immunostaining showed that OsK5.2 was mainly expressed in the pericycle of the roots.Taken together,our results revealed a novel role for OsK5.2 in Ca translocation in rice,and will be a good target for Ca biofortification in rice.展开更多
From theories and cases,this paper analyzed current situation of subsidy policy system for agricultural natural disasters in China.Improvement and perfection of subsidy policies for agricultural natural disasters need...From theories and cases,this paper analyzed current situation of subsidy policy system for agricultural natural disasters in China.Improvement and perfection of subsidy policies for agricultural natural disasters need clear classification and additional special subsidy plan.It is recommended to improve and perfect subsidy policy system for agricultural natural disasters through attaching importance to scientific studies on reduction and prevention of agricultural disasters and gradually supplementing agricultural disaster reduction and prevention system.展开更多
BACKGROUND Vascular injury is a rare complication of femoral shaft fractures,and rupture of the deep femoral artery is more difficult to diagnose because of its anatomical location and symptoms.Despite its low inciden...BACKGROUND Vascular injury is a rare complication of femoral shaft fractures,and rupture of the deep femoral artery is more difficult to diagnose because of its anatomical location and symptoms.Despite its low incidence,deep femoral artery rupture can lead to life-threatening outcomes,such as compartment syndrome,making early identification and diagnosis critical.CASE SUMMARY A 45-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital due to right lower limb trauma in a car accident,with complaints of severe pain and swelling on his right thigh.X-ray demonstrated a right femoral shaft fracture.During preparation for emergency surgery,his blood pressure and blood oxygen saturation dropped,and sensorimotor function was lost.Computed tomography angiography was performed immediately to confirm the diagnosis of rupture of the deep femoral artery and compartment syndrome,so fasciotomy and vacuum-assisted closure were performed.Rhabdomyolysis took place after the operation and the patient was treated with appropriate electrolyte correction and diuretic therapy.Twenty days after the fasciotomy,treatment with the Hoffman Type II External Fixation System was planned,but it was unable to be immobilized internally based on a new esophageal cancer diagnosis.We kept the external fixation for 1 year,and 3 years of follow-up showed improvement of the patient’s overall conditions and muscle strength.CONCLUSION For patients with thigh swelling,pain,anemia,and unstable vital signs,anterior femoral artery injury should be highly suspected.Once diagnosed,surgical treatment should be performed immediately and complications of artery rupture must be suspected and addressed in time.展开更多
Catalysis plays an important role in human civilization and economic development.Every breakthrough related to the field of catalysis has great impact on our everyday lives.To achieve harmonious development between hu...Catalysis plays an important role in human civilization and economic development.Every breakthrough related to the field of catalysis has great impact on our everyday lives.To achieve harmonious development between human and nature through developing chemical processes with environmental friendliness and atom economy,the improvement and innovation of catalytic systems have drawn great attention.Biocatalysis is the engine of life from the very beginning,which is the example that we always learn from,mimic,and aim to surpass in scientific research and industrial development.The goal of the development of biocatalysis technology is tomake our industrial manufacturing go undermild conditions as nature does.However,the current situation of biocatalysis application is still far from the ultimate aim,providing countless opportunities for further development.展开更多
Since the fault dynamic of droop-controlled inverter is different from synchronous generators (SGs), protection devices may become invalid, and the fault overcurrent may damage power electronic devices and threaten th...Since the fault dynamic of droop-controlled inverter is different from synchronous generators (SGs), protection devices may become invalid, and the fault overcurrent may damage power electronic devices and threaten the safety of the microgrid. Therefore, it is imperative to conduct a comprehensive fault analysis of the inverter to guide the design of protection schemes. However, due to the complexity of droop control strategy, existing literatures have simplified asymmetric fault analysis of droop-controlled inverters to varying degrees. Therefore, accurate fault analysis of a droop-controlled inverter is needed. In this paper, by analyzing the control system, an accurate fault model is established. Based on this, a calculation method for instantaneous asymmetrical fault current is proposed. In addition, the current components and current characteristics are analyzed. It was determined that fault currents are affected by control loops, fault types, fault distance and nonlinear limiters. In particular, the influences of limiters on the fault model, fault current calculation and fault current characteristics were analyzed. Through detailed analysis, it was found that dynamics of the control loop cannot be ignored, the fault type and fault distance determine fault current level, and part of the limiters will totally change the fault current trend. Finally, calculation and experimental results verify the correctness of the proposed method.展开更多
The layered transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)have raised considerable interest in the past decades for both fundamental physics and low-dimensional nanodevice applications.Recently,intriguing phenomena of Ising s...The layered transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)have raised considerable interest in the past decades for both fundamental physics and low-dimensional nanodevice applications.Recently,intriguing phenomena of Ising superconductivity and quantum metallic state have been reported in two-dimensional(2D)4Ha-TaSe2 nanodevices.Here,we report the magnetic field induced superconductor–metal transition(SMT)in mechanical exfoliated 4Ha-TaSe2 nanodevices with thickness down to 2.5 nm.We observe the quantum Griffiths singularity(QGS)of SMT in thin 4Ha-TaSe2 nanodevices by performing ultralow temperature transport measurements and activated scaling analysis.With increasing the thickness of TaSe2 nanodevice to 10.6 nm,the signature of magnetoresistance crossing region can hardly be detected,revealing the thickness dependence of SMT.In this procedure,the disorder strength plays a dominant role.This work enriches the platform for studying QGS and may stimulate further investigations on the correlation between different novel quantum phenomena in the same 2D superconducting system.展开更多
Osteosarcoma(OS)patients have a poor prognosis due to its high degree of heterogeneity and high rate of metastasis.Magnetic hyperthermia therapy(MHT)combined with immunotherapy is an effective strategy to treat solid ...Osteosarcoma(OS)patients have a poor prognosis due to its high degree of heterogeneity and high rate of metastasis.Magnetic hyperthermia therapy(MHT)combined with immunotherapy is an effective strategy to treat solid and metastatic tumors.Here,we combined biodegradable magnesium(Mg)macroscale rods,which acted as an eddy thermo-magnetic agent under a low external alternating magnetic field,and immunotherapy to achieve a radical cure for OS.The eddy thermal effect(ETE)of the Mg rods(MgR)showed outstanding cytotoxic effects and enhanced the maturation of dendritic cells(DCs),and the mild MHT induced the immunogenic cell death(ICD)in the OS cells.Combined with immune checkpoint blockade(ICB)therapy,we obtained an excellent curative effect against OS,and a further evaluation demonstrated that the local MHT induced by the MgR increased T cells infiltration and the polarization of M1 macrophages.Interestingly,the biodegradable MgR also promoted bone osteogenesis.Our work highlighted the uneven ETE mediated by the biodegradable MgR induced a comprehensive immunologic activation in the OS tumor microenvironment(TME),which would inspire the application of MHT for the effective treatment of OS.展开更多
Modular bioreactors can provide a flexible platform for constructing complex multi-step pathways,which may be a solution for maximizing reactions and overcoming the complexity of multi-enzyme systems.Here,we selected ...Modular bioreactors can provide a flexible platform for constructing complex multi-step pathways,which may be a solution for maximizing reactions and overcoming the complexity of multi-enzyme systems.Here,we selected wood-derived cellulose scaffold as a support for enzyme immobilization and constructed the modular bioreactor.Cellulose scaffold was prepared after removing lignin from wood,followed by citric acid functionalization and the addition of glutaraldehyde finally allowed the cross-linking of enzymes.Three enzymes,horseradish peroxidase(HRP),glucose oxidase(GOD),and catalase(CAT),were separately immobilized,resulting in the immobilized enzyme amount to over 40 mg/g.The introduction of carboxyl groups from citric acid facilitated the rapid enzyme adsorption on the support surface and immobilized enzymes possess~65%expressed activity.Modular bioreactors were constructed by using the immobilized enzymes.With the immobilized HRP module,reactor showed desired catalytic performance with the phenol degradation rate of>90%.Also,a pH regulation can occur in the bioreactors for preserving enzyme activities and neutralizing acid products.In the GOD/CAT modular bioreactor,the cascade reaction with adjusting pH values can achieve a 95%yield of sodium gluconate and exhibit a favorable reusability of 5 operation cycles.展开更多
Glycyrrhizin(GL)and Glycyrrhetic Acid 3-O-mono-β-D-glucuronide(GAMG)are the typical triterpenoid glycosides found in the root of licorice,a popular medicinal plant that exhibits diverse physiological effects and phar...Glycyrrhizin(GL)and Glycyrrhetic Acid 3-O-mono-β-D-glucuronide(GAMG)are the typical triterpenoid glycosides found in the root of licorice,a popular medicinal plant that exhibits diverse physiological effects and pharmacological manifestations.However,only few reports are available on the glycosylation enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of these valuable compounds with low conversion yield so far.In mammals,glycosyltransferases are involved in the phase II metabolism and may provide new solutions for us to engineer microbial strains to produce high valued compounds due to the substrate promiscuity of these glycosyltransferases.In this study,we mined the genomic databases of mammals and evaluated 22 candidate genes of O-glycosyltransferases by analyzing their catalytic potential for O-glycosylation of the native substrate,glycyrrhetinic acid(GA)for its glycodiversification.Out of 22 selected glycosyltransferases,only UGT1A1 exhibited high catalytic performance for biosynthesis of the key licorice compounds GL and GAMG.Molecular docking results proposed that the enzymatic activity of UGT1A1 was likely owing to the stable hydrogen bonding interactions and favorite conformations between the amino acid residues around substrate channels(P82~R85)and substrates.Furthermore,the complete biosynthesis pathway of GL was reconstructed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the first time,resulting in the production of 5.98±0.47 mg/L and 2.31±0.21 mg/L of GL and GAMG,respectively.展开更多
Flexible and environment-responsive materials are essential for a large number of applications from artificial skin to wearable devices. The present study develops a flexible, ultra-low cost conductive hybrid elastome...Flexible and environment-responsive materials are essential for a large number of applications from artificial skin to wearable devices. The present study develops a flexible, ultra-low cost conductive hybrid elastomer(CHE), which possesses high responsive capabilities to stress/strain and humidity. CHE was composed of polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) and starch hydrogel(SH), enabling great elasticity(56 kPa),high conductivity(10^(-2)S/m) and high sensitivity to external stimuli(gauge factor of CHE under stress and strain are 0.71 and 2.22, respectively, and sensitivity to humidity is 1.2 × 10^(-6)S/m per RH%). These properties render CHE a promising candidate for artificial skin and wearable electronics applications of continuously monitoring environmental information.展开更多
Background:With the closure of the Three Gorges Dam in 2003 the hydrology of Poyang Lake was altered dramatically leading to significant changes in the environment.In order to assess the impact on schistosomiasis this...Background:With the closure of the Three Gorges Dam in 2003 the hydrology of Poyang Lake was altered dramatically leading to significant changes in the environment.In order to assess the impact on schistosomiasis this study assessed the spatial and temporal patterns of the snail intermediate host,Oncomelania hupensis in the Poyang Lake tributaries.The results of the study have important implications for future snail control strategies leading to disease elimination.Methods:The marshland area surrounding Poyang Lake was divided randomly into 200×200 m vector grids using ArcGIS software,and the surveyed grids were randomly selected by the software.The snail survey was conducted in each selected grid using a survey frame of 50×50 m with one sideline of each grid serving as the starting line.No less than ten frames were used in each surveyed grid with Global Positioning System(GPS)recordings for each.All snails in each frame were collected to determine infection status by microscopy.Altitude data for all frames were extracted from a lake bottom topographic map in order to analyze the average altitude.All snail survey data were collected and statistically analyzed with SPSS 20.0 software in order to determine the difference of the percentage of frames with living snails and mean density of living snails in different regions of Poyang Lake.The altitude of the snail-infested marshlands and snail dens were subsequently identified.Results:A total of 1159 potential snail sampling grids were surveyed,of which 15231 frames(0.1 m2/frame)were investigated.1241 frames had live Oncomelania snails corresponding to 8.15%of the total number of frames.The mean density of living snails was 0.463/0.1 m2 with a maximum of 57 snails per frame.The percent of frames with snails in the southern sector(8.13%)of Poyang Lake did not differ statistically from the north(8.21%).However,the mean density of live snails in the northern sector(0.164/0.1 m2)of the lake was statistically higher(F=6.727;P=0.010)than the south(0.141/0.1 m2).In the south of the lake,the elevation of snail-inhabited marshland ranged between 11-16 m,and could be further subdivided into two snail-concentrated belts at 12-13 m of elevation and 15-16 m of elevation respectively.In the north of the lake,the elevation of snail-inhabited marshland ranged between 9-16 m with the elevation of 12-14 m being the snail-concentrated zone.Conclusions:The elevation of snail-infested marshlands in the Poyang Lake region ranged from 9 to 16 m.The snail distribution and habitat has moved north of the lake and to a lower altitude due to changes in the water level post dam closure.Based on the current geological features of the snail habitant focused mollusciciding should occur in snail dense northern regions with frequent bovine and human traffic.Targeting these identified'hotspots'of transmission will assist in elimination efforts.展开更多
The advent of low-dimensional materials with peculiar structure and superb band properties provides a new canonical form for the development of photodetectors.However,the limited exploitation of basic properties makes...The advent of low-dimensional materials with peculiar structure and superb band properties provides a new canonical form for the development of photodetectors.However,the limited exploitation of basic properties makes it difficult for devices to stand out.Here,we demonstrate a hybrid heterostructure with ultrathin vanadium dioxide film and molybdenum ditelluride nanoflake.Vanadium dioxide is a classical semiconductor with a narrow bandgap,a high temperature coefficient of resistance,and phase transformation.Molybdenum ditelluride,a typical two-dimensional material,is often used to construct optoelectronic devices.The heterostructure can realize three different functional modes:(i)the p-n junction exhibits ultrasensitive detection(450 nm-2μm)with a dark current down to 0.2 pA and a response time of 17μs,(ii)the Schottky junction works stably under extreme conditions such as a high temperature of 400 K,and(iii)the bolometer shows ultrabroad spectrum detection exceeding 10μm.The flexible switching between the three modes makes the heterostructure a potential candidate for next-generation photodetectors from visible to longwave infrared radiation(LWIR).This type of photodetector combines versatile detection modes,shedding light on the hybrid application of novel and traditional materials,and is a prototype of advanced optoelectronic devices.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant Nos 2018YFA0305600 and 2017YFA0303302the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11888101,11774008,11704414 and 11427805+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant No XDB28000000Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Z180010)
文摘Transition metal dichalcogenides, featuring layered structures, have aroused enormous interest as a platform for novel physical phenomena and a wide range of potential applications. Among them, special interest has been placed upon WTe_2 and MoTe_2, which exhibit non-trivial topology both in single layer and bulk as well as pressure induced or enhanced superconductivity. We study another distorted IT material NbTe_2 through systematic electrical transport measurements. Intrinsic superconductivity with onset transition temperature(T_c^(onset)) up to 0.72 K is detected where the upper critical field(H_c) shows unconventional quasi-linear behavior,indicating spin-orbit coupling induced p-wave paring. Furthermore, a general model is proposed to fit the angledependent magnetoresistance, which reveals the Fermi surface anisotropy of NbTe_2. Finally, non-saturating linear magnetoresistance up to 50 T is observed and attributed to the quantum limit transport.
文摘Despite the long availability of a traditional prophylactic vaccine containing the HBV surface antigen(HBsA g) and aluminum adjuvant, nearly 10% of the population remains unable to generate an effective immune response. Previous studies have indicated that hepatitis B virus(HBV) PreS 2-S is abundant in T/B cell epitopes, which induces a stronger immune response than HBsA g, particularly in terms of cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL) reaction. In the current study, the HBV PreS 2-S gene encoding an extra26 amino acids(PreS 2 C-terminus) located at the N-terminus of HBsA g was cloned into the pV CH1300 expression vector. Pre S2-S expressed in the methylotrophic yeast, Hansenula polymorpha, was produced at a yield of up to 250 mg/L. Subsequent purification steps involved hydrophobic adsorption to colloidal silica, ion-exchange chromatography and density ultracentrifugation. The final product was obtained with a total yield of ~15% and purity of ~99%. In keeping with previous studies, ~22 nm viruslike particles were detected using electron microscopy. The generated PreS 2-S antigen will be further studied for efficacy and safty in animals.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62173329)。
文摘Online traffic simulation that feeds from online information to simulate vehicle movement in real-time has recently seen substantial advancement in the development of intelligent transportation systems and urban traffic management.It has been a challenging problem due to three aspects:1)The diversity of traffic patterns due to heterogeneous layouts of urban intersections;2)The nature of complex spatiotemporal correlations;3)The requirement of dynamically adjusting the parameters of traffic models in a real-time system.To cater to these challenges,this paper proposes an online traffic simulation framework called automated urban traffic operation simulation via meta-learning(AUTOSIM).In particular,simulation models with various intersection layouts are automatically generated using an open-source simulation tool based on static traffic geometry attributes.Through a meta-learning technique,AUTOSIM enables an automated learning process for dynamic model settings of traffic scenarios featured with different spatiotemporal correlations.Besides,AUTOSIM is capable of adapting traffic model parameters according to dynamic traffic information in real-time by using a meta-learner.Through computational experiments,we demonstrate the effectiveness of the meta-learningbased framework that is capable of providing reliable supports to real-time traffic simulation and dynamic traffic operations.
基金supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS)(KAKENHI grant nos.21H05034 and 21F21096 to J.F.M.,and 19H03250 to N.Y.)。
文摘Rice is a staple food for half of the world’s population,but it is a poor dietary source of calcium(Ca)due to the low concentration.It is an important issue to boost Ca concentration in this grain to improve Ca deficiency risk,but the mechanisms underlying Ca accumulation are poorly understood.Here,we obtained a rice(Oryza sativa)mutant with high shoot Ca accumulation.The mutant exhibited 26%-53% higher Ca in shoots than did wild-type rice(WT)at different Ca supplies.Ca concentration in the xylem sap was 36% higher in the mutant than in the WT.There was no difference in agronomic traits between the WT and mutant,but the mutant showed 25% higher Ca in the polished grain compared with the WT.Map-based cloning combined with a complementation test revealed that the mutant phenotype was caused by an 18-bp deletion of a gene,OsK5.2,belonging to the Shaker-like K+channel family.OsK5.2 was highly expressed in the mature region of the roots and its expression in the roots was not affected by Ca levels,but upregulated by low K.Immunostaining showed that OsK5.2 was mainly expressed in the pericycle of the roots.Taken together,our results revealed a novel role for OsK5.2 in Ca translocation in rice,and will be a good target for Ca biofortification in rice.
文摘From theories and cases,this paper analyzed current situation of subsidy policy system for agricultural natural disasters in China.Improvement and perfection of subsidy policies for agricultural natural disasters need clear classification and additional special subsidy plan.It is recommended to improve and perfect subsidy policy system for agricultural natural disasters through attaching importance to scientific studies on reduction and prevention of agricultural disasters and gradually supplementing agricultural disaster reduction and prevention system.
文摘BACKGROUND Vascular injury is a rare complication of femoral shaft fractures,and rupture of the deep femoral artery is more difficult to diagnose because of its anatomical location and symptoms.Despite its low incidence,deep femoral artery rupture can lead to life-threatening outcomes,such as compartment syndrome,making early identification and diagnosis critical.CASE SUMMARY A 45-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital due to right lower limb trauma in a car accident,with complaints of severe pain and swelling on his right thigh.X-ray demonstrated a right femoral shaft fracture.During preparation for emergency surgery,his blood pressure and blood oxygen saturation dropped,and sensorimotor function was lost.Computed tomography angiography was performed immediately to confirm the diagnosis of rupture of the deep femoral artery and compartment syndrome,so fasciotomy and vacuum-assisted closure were performed.Rhabdomyolysis took place after the operation and the patient was treated with appropriate electrolyte correction and diuretic therapy.Twenty days after the fasciotomy,treatment with the Hoffman Type II External Fixation System was planned,but it was unable to be immobilized internally based on a new esophageal cancer diagnosis.We kept the external fixation for 1 year,and 3 years of follow-up showed improvement of the patient’s overall conditions and muscle strength.CONCLUSION For patients with thigh swelling,pain,anemia,and unstable vital signs,anterior femoral artery injury should be highly suspected.Once diagnosed,surgical treatment should be performed immediately and complications of artery rupture must be suspected and addressed in time.
文摘Catalysis plays an important role in human civilization and economic development.Every breakthrough related to the field of catalysis has great impact on our everyday lives.To achieve harmonious development between human and nature through developing chemical processes with environmental friendliness and atom economy,the improvement and innovation of catalytic systems have drawn great attention.Biocatalysis is the engine of life from the very beginning,which is the example that we always learn from,mimic,and aim to surpass in scientific research and industrial development.The goal of the development of biocatalysis technology is tomake our industrial manufacturing go undermild conditions as nature does.However,the current situation of biocatalysis application is still far from the ultimate aim,providing countless opportunities for further development.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 51977066。
文摘Since the fault dynamic of droop-controlled inverter is different from synchronous generators (SGs), protection devices may become invalid, and the fault overcurrent may damage power electronic devices and threaten the safety of the microgrid. Therefore, it is imperative to conduct a comprehensive fault analysis of the inverter to guide the design of protection schemes. However, due to the complexity of droop control strategy, existing literatures have simplified asymmetric fault analysis of droop-controlled inverters to varying degrees. Therefore, accurate fault analysis of a droop-controlled inverter is needed. In this paper, by analyzing the control system, an accurate fault model is established. Based on this, a calculation method for instantaneous asymmetrical fault current is proposed. In addition, the current components and current characteristics are analyzed. It was determined that fault currents are affected by control loops, fault types, fault distance and nonlinear limiters. In particular, the influences of limiters on the fault model, fault current calculation and fault current characteristics were analyzed. Through detailed analysis, it was found that dynamics of the control loop cannot be ignored, the fault type and fault distance determine fault current level, and part of the limiters will totally change the fault current trend. Finally, calculation and experimental results verify the correctness of the proposed method.
基金partially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3804600 and 2021YFF0701800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U20A20254 and 52072253)+7 种基金Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySuzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicinethe Jiangsu Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(BK20211544)the 111 ProjectJoint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and DevicesMedical Research Project of Jiangsu Province(ZD2022024)New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZEKey Laboratory of Structural Deformities in Children of Suzhou(SZS2022018)。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11888101,11974430,and 12174442)the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2018YFA0305600 and 2022YFA1403103)+3 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB28000000)the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(No.2021ZD0302400)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by BAST(No.BYESS2023452)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,and the Research Funds of Renmin University of China(No.22XNKJ20).
文摘The layered transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)have raised considerable interest in the past decades for both fundamental physics and low-dimensional nanodevice applications.Recently,intriguing phenomena of Ising superconductivity and quantum metallic state have been reported in two-dimensional(2D)4Ha-TaSe2 nanodevices.Here,we report the magnetic field induced superconductor–metal transition(SMT)in mechanical exfoliated 4Ha-TaSe2 nanodevices with thickness down to 2.5 nm.We observe the quantum Griffiths singularity(QGS)of SMT in thin 4Ha-TaSe2 nanodevices by performing ultralow temperature transport measurements and activated scaling analysis.With increasing the thickness of TaSe2 nanodevice to 10.6 nm,the signature of magnetoresistance crossing region can hardly be detected,revealing the thickness dependence of SMT.In this procedure,the disorder strength plays a dominant role.This work enriches the platform for studying QGS and may stimulate further investigations on the correlation between different novel quantum phenomena in the same 2D superconducting system.
基金This article was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U20A20254,52072253,82172506,82030068)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology,the 111 Project,Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices,a Jiangsu Social Development Project(BE2019658)+1 种基金a Jiangsu Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(BK20211544)Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine.L.Cheng was supported by the Tang Scholarship of Soochow University.
文摘Osteosarcoma(OS)patients have a poor prognosis due to its high degree of heterogeneity and high rate of metastasis.Magnetic hyperthermia therapy(MHT)combined with immunotherapy is an effective strategy to treat solid and metastatic tumors.Here,we combined biodegradable magnesium(Mg)macroscale rods,which acted as an eddy thermo-magnetic agent under a low external alternating magnetic field,and immunotherapy to achieve a radical cure for OS.The eddy thermal effect(ETE)of the Mg rods(MgR)showed outstanding cytotoxic effects and enhanced the maturation of dendritic cells(DCs),and the mild MHT induced the immunogenic cell death(ICD)in the OS cells.Combined with immune checkpoint blockade(ICB)therapy,we obtained an excellent curative effect against OS,and a further evaluation demonstrated that the local MHT induced by the MgR increased T cells infiltration and the polarization of M1 macrophages.Interestingly,the biodegradable MgR also promoted bone osteogenesis.Our work highlighted the uneven ETE mediated by the biodegradable MgR induced a comprehensive immunologic activation in the OS tumor microenvironment(TME),which would inspire the application of MHT for the effective treatment of OS.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2102804)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.2202034)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21978024)。
文摘Modular bioreactors can provide a flexible platform for constructing complex multi-step pathways,which may be a solution for maximizing reactions and overcoming the complexity of multi-enzyme systems.Here,we selected wood-derived cellulose scaffold as a support for enzyme immobilization and constructed the modular bioreactor.Cellulose scaffold was prepared after removing lignin from wood,followed by citric acid functionalization and the addition of glutaraldehyde finally allowed the cross-linking of enzymes.Three enzymes,horseradish peroxidase(HRP),glucose oxidase(GOD),and catalase(CAT),were separately immobilized,resulting in the immobilized enzyme amount to over 40 mg/g.The introduction of carboxyl groups from citric acid facilitated the rapid enzyme adsorption on the support surface and immobilized enzymes possess~65%expressed activity.Modular bioreactors were constructed by using the immobilized enzymes.With the immobilized HRP module,reactor showed desired catalytic performance with the phenol degradation rate of>90%.Also,a pH regulation can occur in the bioreactors for preserving enzyme activities and neutralizing acid products.In the GOD/CAT modular bioreactor,the cascade reaction with adjusting pH values can achieve a 95%yield of sodium gluconate and exhibit a favorable reusability of 5 operation cycles.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0901800)the Key Research and Development Program of Hebei Province(21374301D)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22078171)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(No.C2019105055)the Scientific Research Foundation of Tangshan Normal University(No.2021B34).
文摘Glycyrrhizin(GL)and Glycyrrhetic Acid 3-O-mono-β-D-glucuronide(GAMG)are the typical triterpenoid glycosides found in the root of licorice,a popular medicinal plant that exhibits diverse physiological effects and pharmacological manifestations.However,only few reports are available on the glycosylation enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of these valuable compounds with low conversion yield so far.In mammals,glycosyltransferases are involved in the phase II metabolism and may provide new solutions for us to engineer microbial strains to produce high valued compounds due to the substrate promiscuity of these glycosyltransferases.In this study,we mined the genomic databases of mammals and evaluated 22 candidate genes of O-glycosyltransferases by analyzing their catalytic potential for O-glycosylation of the native substrate,glycyrrhetinic acid(GA)for its glycodiversification.Out of 22 selected glycosyltransferases,only UGT1A1 exhibited high catalytic performance for biosynthesis of the key licorice compounds GL and GAMG.Molecular docking results proposed that the enzymatic activity of UGT1A1 was likely owing to the stable hydrogen bonding interactions and favorite conformations between the amino acid residues around substrate channels(P82~R85)and substrates.Furthermore,the complete biosynthesis pathway of GL was reconstructed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the first time,resulting in the production of 5.98±0.47 mg/L and 2.31±0.21 mg/L of GL and GAMG,respectively.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51672184,81622032 and 81501858)the Jiangsu Innovation and Entrepreneurship Programthe Principal Project of Natural Science Research of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(No.17KJA180011) for supporting this work
文摘Flexible and environment-responsive materials are essential for a large number of applications from artificial skin to wearable devices. The present study develops a flexible, ultra-low cost conductive hybrid elastomer(CHE), which possesses high responsive capabilities to stress/strain and humidity. CHE was composed of polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) and starch hydrogel(SH), enabling great elasticity(56 kPa),high conductivity(10^(-2)S/m) and high sensitivity to external stimuli(gauge factor of CHE under stress and strain are 0.71 and 2.22, respectively, and sensitivity to humidity is 1.2 × 10^(-6)S/m per RH%). These properties render CHE a promising candidate for artificial skin and wearable electronics applications of continuously monitoring environmental information.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.81660557,71764011)Jiangxi Province Focus on Research and Development Plan(grant No.20171BBG70105).
文摘Background:With the closure of the Three Gorges Dam in 2003 the hydrology of Poyang Lake was altered dramatically leading to significant changes in the environment.In order to assess the impact on schistosomiasis this study assessed the spatial and temporal patterns of the snail intermediate host,Oncomelania hupensis in the Poyang Lake tributaries.The results of the study have important implications for future snail control strategies leading to disease elimination.Methods:The marshland area surrounding Poyang Lake was divided randomly into 200×200 m vector grids using ArcGIS software,and the surveyed grids were randomly selected by the software.The snail survey was conducted in each selected grid using a survey frame of 50×50 m with one sideline of each grid serving as the starting line.No less than ten frames were used in each surveyed grid with Global Positioning System(GPS)recordings for each.All snails in each frame were collected to determine infection status by microscopy.Altitude data for all frames were extracted from a lake bottom topographic map in order to analyze the average altitude.All snail survey data were collected and statistically analyzed with SPSS 20.0 software in order to determine the difference of the percentage of frames with living snails and mean density of living snails in different regions of Poyang Lake.The altitude of the snail-infested marshlands and snail dens were subsequently identified.Results:A total of 1159 potential snail sampling grids were surveyed,of which 15231 frames(0.1 m2/frame)were investigated.1241 frames had live Oncomelania snails corresponding to 8.15%of the total number of frames.The mean density of living snails was 0.463/0.1 m2 with a maximum of 57 snails per frame.The percent of frames with snails in the southern sector(8.13%)of Poyang Lake did not differ statistically from the north(8.21%).However,the mean density of live snails in the northern sector(0.164/0.1 m2)of the lake was statistically higher(F=6.727;P=0.010)than the south(0.141/0.1 m2).In the south of the lake,the elevation of snail-inhabited marshland ranged between 11-16 m,and could be further subdivided into two snail-concentrated belts at 12-13 m of elevation and 15-16 m of elevation respectively.In the north of the lake,the elevation of snail-inhabited marshland ranged between 9-16 m with the elevation of 12-14 m being the snail-concentrated zone.Conclusions:The elevation of snail-infested marshlands in the Poyang Lake region ranged from 9 to 16 m.The snail distribution and habitat has moved north of the lake and to a lower altitude due to changes in the water level post dam closure.Based on the current geological features of the snail habitant focused mollusciciding should occur in snail dense northern regions with frequent bovine and human traffic.Targeting these identified'hotspots'of transmission will assist in elimination efforts.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61835012,61722408,61725505,61521005,and 61905267)the Key Research Project of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.QYZDB-SSW-JSC016 and QYZDY-SSW-JSC042)+4 种基金the Key Research Program of Frontier Science,CAS(Grant No.ZDBS-LY-JSC045)the Major State Basic Research Development Program(Grant No.2016YFA0203900)the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(BX20180329)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(Grant Nos.16ZR1447600 and 17JC1400302)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB44000000).
文摘The advent of low-dimensional materials with peculiar structure and superb band properties provides a new canonical form for the development of photodetectors.However,the limited exploitation of basic properties makes it difficult for devices to stand out.Here,we demonstrate a hybrid heterostructure with ultrathin vanadium dioxide film and molybdenum ditelluride nanoflake.Vanadium dioxide is a classical semiconductor with a narrow bandgap,a high temperature coefficient of resistance,and phase transformation.Molybdenum ditelluride,a typical two-dimensional material,is often used to construct optoelectronic devices.The heterostructure can realize three different functional modes:(i)the p-n junction exhibits ultrasensitive detection(450 nm-2μm)with a dark current down to 0.2 pA and a response time of 17μs,(ii)the Schottky junction works stably under extreme conditions such as a high temperature of 400 K,and(iii)the bolometer shows ultrabroad spectrum detection exceeding 10μm.The flexible switching between the three modes makes the heterostructure a potential candidate for next-generation photodetectors from visible to longwave infrared radiation(LWIR).This type of photodetector combines versatile detection modes,shedding light on the hybrid application of novel and traditional materials,and is a prototype of advanced optoelectronic devices.