Electrically controllable spin filtering in zigzag phosphorene nanoribbon based normal–antiferromagnet–normal junctions

We investigated the electric controllable spin-filtering effect in a zigzag phosphorene nanoribbon(ZPNR) based normal–antiferromagnet–normal junction. Two ferromagnets are closely coupled to the edges of the nanoribbon and form the edge-to-edge antiferromagnetism. Under an in-plane electric field, the two degenerate edge bands of the edge-to-edge antiferromagnet split into four spin-polarized sub-bands and a 100% spin-polarized current can be easily induced with the maximal conductance 2e~2/h. The spin polarization changes with the strength of the electric field and the exchange field,and changes sign at opposite electric fields. The spin-polarized current switches from one edge to the other by reversing the direction of the electric field. The edge current can also be controlled spatially by changing the electric potential of the scattering region. The manipulation of edge current is useful in spin-transfer-torque magnetic random-access memory and provides a practical way to develop controllable spintronic devices.

经皮跨伤椎与经伤椎短节段后路内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折的临床疗效及力学性能比较

目的分析比较经皮跨伤椎与经伤椎短节段后路内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折的临床疗效及力学性能。方法选取2017年3月—2018年3月新疆医科大学附属中医医院收治的胸腰段骨折患者35例,依据患者意愿,采用经皮跨伤椎或经伤椎短节段后路内固定术治疗,并分为A组(17例)、B组(18例)。随访12个月,比较两组的手术指标:手术时间、失血量、切口长度,术前、术后1周及末次随访力学性能指标:后凸Cobb角、骨折椎前缘高度比,术前、末次随访的临床效果指标:疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)。评价两组手术治疗的安全性。结果两组比较,B组的手术时间较长、失血量较多、切口也较长(P<0.05);两组手术后的后凸Cobb角和骨折椎前缘高度比均较术前改善(P<0.05);术前与术后1周两组的力学性能比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);末次随访时,B组的力学性能优于A组(P<0.05);至末次随访,两组的VAS评分、ODI均下降(P<0.05),其中B组低于A组;此外A组VAS评分差值及ODI差值较B组低(P<0.05)。两组术后均无切口感染或钉棒松动、断裂及脱落情况,A组术后有1例患者邻近椎体骨折。结论经伤椎短节段后路内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折的手术时间、切口长度较以皮跨伤椎长,失血量多,但中远期的临床疗效显著,可为患者胸腰椎提供持续稳定的力学性能。

Network pharmacology deciphering multiple mechanisms of volatiles of Wendan granule for treatment of senile dementia

OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanisms of the volatiles of Wendan granule for the treatment of senile dementia,network pharmacology method integrating absorption,distribution,metab.olism,and excretion(ADME) screening,target fishing,network constructing,pathway analyzing,and correlated diseases prediction was applied.METHODS Twelve small molecular compounds of WDG were selected as the objects from 74 volatiles with the relative abundances above 2%,and their ADME parameters were collected from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology platform(TCMSP),and then the corresponding targets,genes,pathways and diseases were predicted according to the data provided by TCMSP,DrugBank,Uniport and the Database for Annotation,Visualization and Integrated Discovery(DAVID).The related pathways and correlation analysis were explored by the Kyoto Encyclo.pedia and Genomes(KEGG) database.Finally,the networks of compound-target,target-pathway and pathway-disease of WDG were constructed by Cytoscape software.RESULTS Twelve compounds interacted with 49 targets,of which top three targets were Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1(GABRA1),Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2(PGHS-2) and Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter.Interestingly,these targets were highly associated with depression,insomnia and Alzheimer′s disease that mainly corresponded to mental and emotional illnesses.CONCLUSION The integrated network pharmacology method provides precise probe to illuminate the molecular mechanisms of volatiles of WDG for relieving senile dementia related syndromes,which will also facilitate the application of traditional Chinese medicine in modern medicine,as well as follow-up studies such as upgrading the quality stan.dard of clinical medicine and novel drug development.

Investigation of cholecystokinin receptors in the human lower esophageal sphincter

AIM: To compare the binding of cholecystokinin (CCK)-8 to CCK receptors in sling and clasp fibers of the human lower esophageal sphincter.

Methylation of TIMP3 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

AIM: To measure the frequency of DNA methylation of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP3) promoter and relate this to any change of gene expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in patients from a region of high incidence in China.METHODS: Cancer cell lines were treated with or without the demethylating reagent 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine. Methylation of the TIMP3 promoter was assessed in three regions by melt curve analysis and its expression was assessed by real-time RT-PCR. Tumors and proximal resection margins were obtained from 64 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma from a region of high incidence in China. Methylation was assessed by melt curve analysis and expression by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Methylation in one of the three promoter regions assessed correlated with gene silencing in esophageal cell lines. A degree of methylation of TIMP3 was found in only four esophageal squamous cell carcinomas, and partial loss of TIMP3 protein expression in just one.CONCLUSION: Methylation and loss of expression of TIMP3 occurs infrequently in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in a region of high incidence in China.

Uniform Asymptotics for Finite-time Ruin Probability in a Dependent Risk Model with General Stochastic Investment Return Process

In this paper,we consider a non-standard renewal risk model with dependent claim sizes,where an insurance company is allowed to invest his/her wealth in financial assets,leading to some stochastic investment log-returns described as a general adapted càdlàg process.Under the assumptions that the claim sizes are heavy-tailed and the stochastic log-return process on investments is bounded from below almost surely,we derive some asymptotic formulas for the finite-time ruin probability holding uniformly in any finite time horizon.

Calcium Receptor and Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression in Circular Muscle of Lower Esophagus from Patients with Achalasia

To the Editor:Achalasia is a primary esophageal motility disorder.[l] The etiology ofachalasia remains unknown,but it is associated with degeneration,reduction,or absence of neurons in the esophageal muscular layer (Auerbach's plexus),leading to nerve-muscle conduction abnormalities.[2]

A promising energy storage system:rechargeable Ni-Zn battery

The sharp depletion of fossil fuel resources and its associated increasingly deteriorated environmental pollution are vital challenging energy issues, which are one of the most crucial research hot spots in the twenty-first century.Rechargeable Ni–Zn batteries（RNZBs）, delivering high power density in aqueous electrolytes with stable cycle performance, are expected to be promising candidates to alleviate the current energy and environmental problems,and play an important role in green power sources. Many efforts have been focused on the investigations and improvements of RNZBs in recent decades, and it is necessary to summarize and review the achievements and challenges in this advancing field. In this paper, we review various batteries, compare and highlight the advantages of RNZBs, and introduce the recent advances in the development of electrode materials and electrolytes of RNZBs,especially the applications of novel nanostructured materials for the active electrodes. Some prospective investigation trends of RNZBs are also proposed and discussed.

A Linear Mixed Integer Programming Model for N-Vehicle Exploration Problem

Finding the accurate solution for N-vehicle exploration problem is NP-hard in strong sense.In this paper,authors build a linear mixed integer programming model for N-vehicle exploration problem based on its properties.The model is then proved equivalent to the original problem.Given the model,one can apply the already existed methods and algorithms for mixed integer linear programming on N-vehicle exploration problem,which helps to enrich methods for solving N-vehicle exploration problem.

Optical processes of photonic band gap structure withdressing field in atomic system

We experimentally investigate probe transmission signals (PTS), the four-wave mixing photonic band gap signal (FWM BGS), and the fluorescence signal (FLS) in an inverted Y-type four level atomic system. For the first time, we compare the FLS of the two ground-state hyperfine levels of Rb 85. In particular, the second-order and the fourth-order fluorescence signals perform dramatic dressing discrepancies under the two hyperfine levels. Moreover, we find that the dressing field has some dressing effects on three such types of signals. Therefore, we demonstrate that the characteristics of PTS, FWM BGS, and FLS can be controlled by frequency detunings, the powers or phases of the dressing field. Such research could have potential applications in optical diodes, amplifiers, and quantum information processing.