非凋亡调节性细胞死亡基因对肺腺癌预后的预测价值及其生物学功能

目的探究非凋亡调节性细胞死亡基因(non-apoptotic regulatory cell death genes,NARCDs)预测肺腺癌预后的价值及其潜在生物学功能。方法我们下载癌症基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome Atla,TCGA)及基因表达综合(Gene Expression Omnibus,GEO)数据库中肺腺癌的转录组数据。使用R软件分析在肺腺癌组织和正常组织之间存在差异表达的NARCDs。采用单变量Cox分析和LASSO-Cox回归分析构建NARCDs预后模型。采用生存分析曲线、受试者工作特征曲线、单因素和多因素Cox回归分析评估NARCDs预后模型对肺腺癌预后的预测能力。采用GSVA、GO和KEGG分析NARCDs预后模型的功能富集情况。此外,我们分析了高、低NARCDs评分组间的肿瘤突变负担、肿瘤微环境、肿瘤免疫功能障碍与排斥(Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion,TIDE)评分和化疗药物敏感性的差异。最后,使用STRING和Cytoscape软件构建NARCDs与免疫相关基因的蛋白-蛋白相互作用网络。结果我们确定了34个与预后相关的差异表达NARCDs,其中16个基因(ATIC、AURKA、CA9、ITGB4、DDIT4、CDK5R1、CAV1、RRM2、GAPDH、SRXN1、NLRC4、GLS2、ADRB2、CX3CL1、GDF15和ADRA1A)被用于构建NARCDs预后模型。NARCDs风险评分是肺腺癌的独立预后因素(P<0.001)。功能分析显示:高NARCDs评分组与低NARCDs评分组间在错配修复、p53信号通路和细胞周期方面存在显著差异(P<0.05)。低NARCD评分组的肿瘤突变负荷较低,免疫评分及TIDE评分较高,对药物的敏感性较低(P<0.05)。此外,蛋白-蛋白相互作用网络的10个关键基因(CXCL5、TLR4、JUN、IL6、CCL2、CXCL2、ILA、IFNG、IL33和GAPDH)均为免疫相关基因。结论基于16个基因构建的NARCDs预后模型是肺腺癌的独立预后因素,其能有效预测患者预后,并为临床治疗提供帮助。

眼球震颤诊治进展

眼球震颤是指双眼有节律的、不自主的,常呈对称共轭性的异常摆动,可根据发病年龄分为先天性眼球震颤和后天获得性眼球震颤。由于目前有限的诊治手段使得眼球震颤成为较为复杂的眼科疑难疾病之一。近年来,国际和国内对该类疾病的检测和诊疗水平在不断进步。本文将对眼球震颤的分类及特点,检查记录方法以及治疗的新进展进行综述。

A/B超联合造影自发荧光在YAG激光玻璃体消融术中的应用

目的:A/B超联合造影自发荧光观察YAG激光治疗生理性玻璃体混浊的临床效果。方法:筛选2018-08/2019-01在汉口爱尔眼科医院诊断为生理性玻璃体混浊患者30例30眼,术前A/B超定位玻璃体混浊位置,距离晶状体2~3mm、视网膜3~4mm范围外为安全距离。检查患者术前最佳矫正视力、非接触眼压、扫描激光眼底照相、A/B超、造影自发荧光,由同一位操作熟练的医生应用YAG激光消融机对生理性玻璃体混浊进行激光消融治疗。激光治疗后随访1d,1wk,1mo,术后检查最佳矫正视力、非接触眼压、扫描激光眼底照相、造影自发荧光检查,采用Image-J软件测量治疗前后玻璃体混浊大小。结果:治疗前,治疗后1d,1wk,1mo最佳矫正视力、眼压均无差异(P>0.05)。30眼中,28眼一次激光消融治疗,2眼2次激光消融治疗,平均治疗次数1.06次。治疗后造影自发荧光显示玻璃体混浊明显减小或消失,前后对比有差异(P<0.01)。术中及术后均无并发症发生。结论:A/B超联合造影自发荧光证实YAG激光治疗生理性玻璃体混浊安全有效。

Stent placement followed by preoperative chemotherapy and elective surgery for acute malignant colorectal obstruction: Six cases of report

BACKGROUND The self-expandable metal stent is used as a bridge to surgery in the treatment of acute malignant colorectal obstruction(AMCO). However, recent studies have shown inferior long-term outcomes and increased risk of tumor dissemination after stent placement. In addition, the optimal interval between stent placement and surgery is not clear. The aim of the current study was to present a new strategy for AMCO: stent placement followed by preoperative chemotherapy and elective surgery.CASE SUMMARY Six patients were diagnosed as acute obstruction. There was one patient with descending cancer, four with sigmoid cancers and one with rectal cancer. The obstructive symptoms of these six patients were relieved within 3 d after stent placement. After receiving two cycles of preoperative chemotherapy, consisting of modified infusional fluorouracil, leucovorin and oxaliplatin [modified FOLFOX6(mFOLFOX6)], they underwent elective surgery of primary tumor resection. None of the 6 patients received colostomy or colonic lavage during surgery. There was no complication of anastomotic leak, ileus or surgical site infection after surgery. In addition, the patients had low operation time and blood loss, adequate lymph nodes harvest and fast postoperative recovery.CONCLUSION The two-cycle mFOLFOX6 preoperative chemotherapy and elective surgery after stent placement is a safe and feasible strategy in the management of AMCO.

Four-birds-with-one-stone:A multifunctional Ti-based material for solar-driven water evaporation

Sustainable,environmentally friendly and low-energy desalination materials have important research value for the increasing demand of freshwater year by year.However,it is a huge challenge to maintain high heat energy transfer efficiency without reducing the heat conversion capacity of specific solar photothermal conversion materials.Moreover,their efficiency and durability are greatly limited by the problems of seawater corrosion,oil,and bacteria pollutions.Till now,no related work has been reported to solve all the aforementioned problems via a simple four-birds-with-one-stone strategy.Herein,a class of multifunctional porous photothermal silver(Ag)modified Ti foams(Tf-TA/Ag series materials)is prepared for the development of advanced solar water evaporation devices,and provides alternative materials for alleviating freshwater crisis and treating sewage.The oil contact angle(OCA)changes from 41°to 180°,which significantly reduces the adhesion of oil.In addition,Tf-TA2/Ag sample also shows an excellent and sustained antibacterial effect,which maintains above 99.9%of antibacterial rate after repeated 5 times.The surface temperature of the Tf-TA2/Ag sample reaches 52.5℃ after simulated sun irradiation for 20 min,which is significantly higher than that of the contact groups(water:36.4℃,Ti foam:38.2℃ and Tf-TA2:40.9℃).The capacity of seawater evaporation and salt removal is enhanced due to the excellent photothermal properties,low reflectance,and uniform heat dissipation pores.The water production efficiency of Tf-TA2/Ag sample is 1.41 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1) in artificial seawater and 0.76 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1) in oily sewage under simulated sun irradiation.Furthermore,the hydrophilic and oleophobic properties of Tf-TA2/Ag are critical to extracting water from oil/water mixture in diverse water environments.Ultimately,this four-birds-with-one-stone approach provides a new perspective for the improvement of solar seawater desalination performance.

Robust interface-induced unusual anomalous Hall effect in Mn_(3)Sn/Pt bilayers

Interface-driven magnetic phenomena related to spin-orbit coupling and intrinsic symmetry breaking are of great significance to the development of spintronics materials and devices.Mn_(3)Sn is a natural antiferromagnetic material with a non-collinear magnetic structure,and its anomalous Hall effect(AHE)has been reported to have high crystal anisotropy and temperature dependent behaviors.Here,a large unusual anomalous Hall effect(UAHE)in the(0001)c-axis orientation Mn_(3)Sn/Pt bilayers in the whole temperature range from 5 to 300 K is reported,which is absent in single MnSn film.