Dry eye and corneal sensitivity after small incision lenticule extraction and femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis:a Meta-analysis

AIM：To assess the corneal sensitivity and the incidences of dry eye after small incision lenticule extraction（SMILE） and femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis（FSLASIK）.METHODS：The Meta-analysis was performed using Rev Man 5.3.We searched on Pub Med from inception to March 2016.Summary weighted mean difference（WMD） and 95% confidence intervals（CIs） were used to analyze the datum.Random-effects or fixed-effects models were chosen up to between-study heterogeneity.The main outcomes were composed of the Ocular Surface Disease Index（OSDI） scores,tear film break-up time（TBUT）,Schirmer Test and corneal sensitivity.RESULTS：Eight eligible studies including 772 eyes（386 in SMILE group and 386 in FS-LASIK group） were identified.The parameters have no significiant difference heterogeneity between SMILE and FS-LASIK group preoperatively.There were significant differences between the two groups in OSDI scores at one and three months postoperatively,in TBUT at one and three months postoperatively,in corneal sensitivity at one week,about one month and three months postoperatively.However,there was no significant difference observed in Schirmer Test at the follow-up periods.CONCLUSION：Compare to FS-LASIK,dry eye and the corneal sensitivity recover better in the SMILE group,in first three months after the surgery.

Effects of electroacupuncture on cardiac and gastric activities in acute myocardial ischemia rats

AIM: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) of "Neiguan" (PC6) and "Gongsun" (SP4) on pathological changes of the heart and stomach in rats with acute myocardial ischemia (AMI), and to explore its underlying mechanism. METHODS: Fifty Wistar rats were randomized into control, model, PC6, SP4 and PC6 + SP4 groups (n = 8 each group). An AMI model was established by occlusion of the descending anterior branch (DAB) of the left coronary artery. ECG-ST of cervico-thoracic lead and electrogastrogram (EGG) were recorded. EA was applied to PC6, SP4 and PC6 + SP4 groups, respectively. At the end of experiments, the rats were transcardically perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde, and the heart base myocardium, gastric antrum and duodenum tissues were sampled, sectioned and stained with a reduced form of nicotinamide- adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-diaphorase histochemical method for displaying nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity. RESULTS: After AMI, ECG-ST values elevated. After EA, the elevated ECG-ST values at 20 min in PC6group, at 30 min in PC6 + SP4 and SP4 groups had no significant differences in comparison with their respective basal values before AMI. Following AMI, the amplitude and frequency of slow waves of EGG decreased remarkably (P < 0.05). At 30 min after EA, the mean amplitude and frequency of slow waves of EGG in the three EA groups had no marked differences compared with their individual basal levels and those in the control group. After AMI, the mean integral grey values of NOS-positive product in myocardium, gastric antrum and duodenum tissues in the model group increased remarkably in comparison with the control group, while those in three EA groups were lower than those in the model group. No significant differences were found in ECG-ST and EGG improvement among the three EA groups. However, EA of PC6 had a better effect on ECG-ST and EA of PC4 had a better effect on EGG, respectively. CONCLUSION: EA of PC6, SP4 and PC6 + SP4 can significantly promote the recovery of cardiac and gastric electrical activities after AMI, and up-regulate NOS expression in myocardium, gastric antrum and duodenum tissues.

手套接口单孔腹腔镜手术治疗附件良性病变的临床分析

目的探讨手套接口单孔腹腔镜技术用于治疗输卵管、卵巢良性病变的可行性。方法回顾性分析该院2018年1月-2018年5月收治的86例腹腔镜下输卵管切除及卵巢肿瘤剥除术患者的临床资料,根据不同手术方式分为单孔腹腔镜(LESS)组(30例)和多孔腹腔镜(MPLS)组(56例),LESS组30例患者均采用外科无菌手套接切口保护圈为手术入路,配合常规腹腔镜器械进行操作。分析比较两组的手术时间、出血量、术后疼痛和术后并发症等方面差异。结果两组术后排气时间、术后住院时间、手术费用和异位妊娠术后β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-HCG)水平恢复正常时间等指标比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),而LESS组手术时间较MPLS组延长,术中出血量明显增多,但美容效果满意。结论 LESS用于治疗附件良性病变是一种可行的手术方式,且手术切口美观,手术效果确切。

Sedimentary characteristics and internal architecture of a river-dominated delta controlled by autogenic process:implications from a flume tank experiment

Autogenic processes are widely found in various sedimentary systems and they play an important role in the depositional evolution and corresponding sedimentary architecture.However,autogenic processes are often affected by changing allogenic factors and are difficult to be identified and analyzed from modern and ancient records.Through the flume tank experiment under constant boundary conditions,the depositional process,evolution principles,and the sedimentary architecture of a river-dominated delta was presented,and a corresponding sedimentary architecture model was constructed.The evolution of river-dominated delta controlled only by autogenic process is obviously periodic,and each autogenic cycle can be divided into an initial progradational stage,a middle retrogratational stage,and a late aggradational–progradational stage.In the initial progradational stage,one feeder channel incised into the delta plain,mouth bar(s)was formed in front of the channel mouth,and small-scale crevasse splays were formed on the delta plain.In the middle retrogradational stage,the feeder channel was blocked by the mouth bar(s)which grew out of water at the end of the initial stage,and a set of large-scale distributary splay complexes were formed on the delta plain.These distributary splay complexes were retrogradationally overlapped due to the continuous migration of the bifurcation point of the feeder channel.In the late aggradational–progradational stage,the feeder channel branched into several radial distributary channels,overlapped distributary channels were formed on the delta plain,and terminal lobe complexes were formed at the end of distributary channels.The three sedimentary layers formed in the three stages constituted an autogenic succession.The experimental delta consisted of six autogenic depositional successions.Dynamic allocation of accommodation space and the following adaptive sediments filling were the two main driving factors of the autogenic evolution of deltas.

Thyroid Dysfunction in Children Exposed to Iodinated Contrast Media:A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Iodinated contrast media(ICM)has the potential to cause thyroid dysfunction in some patients.However,it is unclear whether this relationship exists in children.We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis aim to obtain a general overview of the relationship between ICM exposure and the risk of thyroid dysfunction in children.Methods:Computer search of Web of Science,EMbase,PubMed,Cochrane Library,collection of relevant literature on ICM and thyroid dysfunction in children,the search period was from the establishment of the database to July 2021.Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 14.0 software.Results:A total of 8 literatures with 3497 children.The incidence of hypothyroidism in children with ICM exposure was 0.05(95%CI:0.05,0.12),P<0.0001.Subgroup analysis showed that the incidence of hypothyroidism in ICM exposed children in the European region was 0.21(95%CI:0.13,0.30),P<0.0001,a statistically significant difference.Conclusion:The current evidence shows that children exposed to ICM are at risk for hypothyroidism,with a higher risk in neonates,especially children with congenital heart disease.

An investigation of changes in water quality throughout the drinking water production/distribution chain using toxicological and fluorescence analyses

Changes in water quality from source water to finished water and tap water at two conventional drinking water treatment plants(DWTPs)were monitored.Beside the routine water quality testing,Caenorhabditis elegans-based toxicity assays and the fluorescence excitation–emission matrices technique were also applied.Both DWTPs supplied drinking water that met government standards.Under current test conditions,both the investigated finished water and tap water samples exhibited stronger lethal,genotoxic and reprotoxic potential than the relative source water sample,and the tap water sample was more lethal but tended to be less genotoxic than the corresponding finished water sample.Meanwhile,the nearly complete removal of tryptophan-like substances and newly generated tyrosine-like substances were observed after the treatment of drinking water,and humic-like substances were identified in the tap water.Based on these findings,toxic pollutants,including genotoxic/reproductive toxicants,are produced in the drinking water treatment and/or distribution processes.Moreover,further studies are needed to clarify the potentially important roles of tyrosine-like and humic-like substances in mediating drinking water toxicity and to identify the potential sources of these contaminants.Additionally,tryptophan-like fluorescence may be adopted as a useful parameter to monitor the treatment performance of DWTPs.Our observations provided insights into the importance of utilizing biotoxicity assays and fluorescence spectroscopy as tools to complement the routine evaluation of drinking water.

An improved methodology for evaluating energy service demand for China's passenger transport sector

China's energy service demand statistics for the passenger transport sector only cover travel activities for business purpose.The incomplete data have made it very difficult to conduct long-term scenario analysis for this sector.Thus,this study develops a methodology by refining and combining vehicle activity and travel behavior methods.By taking advantage of the two methods,the extent of uncertainty in estimates can be reduced.A detailed description of China's energy service demand in the passenger transport sector for the years 2013,2015,and 2017 are produced.Results show that there is a significant underestimation of total passenger transport turnover in governmental statistics.After reevaluation,the total passenger turnover doubled and increased by 146%,167%,and 187%,resulting in national total passenger turnover of 6783,8031,and 9406 billion passenger kilometers in 2013,2015,and 2017,respectively.The majority of missing statistics are caused by not accounting for non-operational road transport,which is dominated by private vehicles.After adjustment,the road sector share in total passenger turnover grew substantially from 30%to 40%to approximately 75%,with the proportion of urban travel continuing to increase.We found that without complete data on China's passenger turnover,it may result in more than three-fold overestimation for future travel demand,leading to inaccurate projections with much higher energy consumption and CO_(2) emissions.It is therefore very important to have a detailed and precise calculation of energy service demand in the passenger transport sector.The estimation framework and step-by-step process can also be applied to other developing countries which are confronting similar statistical issues.