BACKGROUND The most common EGFR mutations are in-frame deletions in exon 19 and point mutations in exon 21.Cases with classical EGFR mutations show a good response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs),the standard...BACKGROUND The most common EGFR mutations are in-frame deletions in exon 19 and point mutations in exon 21.Cases with classical EGFR mutations show a good response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs),the standard first-line treatment.With the development of next generation sequencing,some uncommon genomic mutations have been detected.However,the effect of TKIs on such uncommon EGFR mutations remains unclear.CASE SUMMARY Here,we report a case of rare EGFR co-mutation in non-small cell lung cancer and the efficacy of afatinib on this EGFR co-mutation.A 64-year-old woman was diagnosed with thoracolumbar and bilateral local rib bone metastases,bilateral pulmonary nodules,and pericardial and left pleural effusion.The pathological diagnosis was lung adenocarcinoma.To seek potential therapeutic regimens,rare co-mutation comprising rare EGFR G724S/R776H mutations and amplification were identified.The patient experienced a significant clinical response with a progression-free survival of 17 mo.CONCLUSION A case of non-small cell lung cancer with rare EGFR G724S/R776H mutations and EGFR amplification responds well to TKI treatment.展开更多
BACKGROUND The FGFR signaling pathway is activated in multiple tumor types through gene amplifications,single base substitutions,or gene fusions.Novel FGFR gene fusions may represent candidate targets for the developm...BACKGROUND The FGFR signaling pathway is activated in multiple tumor types through gene amplifications,single base substitutions,or gene fusions.Novel FGFR gene fusions may represent candidate targets for the development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we report a patient with colorectal cancer(CRC)harboring a novel FGFR2 fusion gene.A 59-year-old man felt discomfort in his right upper abdomen with loss of appetite for 6 mo.An abdominal computed tomography scan revealed the existence of a space-occupying lesion in the ascending colon.The pathological diagnosis was a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma.Subsequent biopsy specimen was subjected to next-generation sequencing analysis,and a novel FGFR2-TSC22D1 fusion with complete kinase structure of FGFR2 protein was identified.CONCLUSION We report the first case of CRC harboring FGFR2-TSC22D1,which enriches the FGFR2 fusion spectrum.FGFR2 inhibitors might be effective in the later treatment for this patient.展开更多
Quantized fault detection for sensor/actuator faults of networked control systems （NCSs） with time delays both in the sensor-to-controller channel and controller-to-actuator channel is concerned in this paper. A fau...Quantized fault detection for sensor/actuator faults of networked control systems （NCSs） with time delays both in the sensor-to-controller channel and controller-to-actuator channel is concerned in this paper. A fault model is set up based on the possible cases of sensor/atuator faults. Then, the model predictive control is used to compensate the time delay. When the sensors and actuators are healthy, an H stability criterion of the state predictive observer is obtained in terms of linear matrix inequality. A new threshold computational method that conforms to the actual situation is proposed. Then, the thresholds of the false alarm rate （FAR） and miss detection rate （MDR） are presented by using our proposed method, which are also compared with the ones given in the existin~ literatures. Finally, some numerical simulations are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
Vitiligo is a common depigmented skin disease that negatively affects the physical and mental health of patients.The 2018 version of the Vitiligo Treatment Consensus has been updated based on the research progress on ...Vitiligo is a common depigmented skin disease that negatively affects the physical and mental health of patients.The 2018 version of the Vitiligo Treatment Consensus has been updated based on the research progress on vitiligo in the past 3 years in combination with the clinical experiences of experts.The newly revised points include maintenance therapy,early glucocorticoid intervention,and oral mini-pulsed glucocorticoid administration protocols.The prospect of using JAK inhibitors in the treatment of vitiligo is also discussed.展开更多
The pathogenesis of melasma is believed to be related to heredity,sun exposure,sex hormones,and other factors.The mechanisms underlying the development of melasma include increased melanin synthesis,vascular prolifera...The pathogenesis of melasma is believed to be related to heredity,sun exposure,sex hormones,and other factors.The mechanisms underlying the development of melasma include increased melanin synthesis,vascular proliferation within the skin lesions,inflammation,and skin barrier dysfunction.The diagnosis of melasma is mainly based on clinical manifestations and noninvasive techniques.Coupling with recent research progress in melasma,the present consensus comprehensively elaborates the etiology,pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,staging,classification,diagnosis,and treatment of melasma to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic skills of Chinese dermatologists.展开更多
Atopic dermatitis(AD)is a common disease clinically characterized by chronic recurrent eczematous lesions,dry skin,and pruritus.AD can negatively impact patients’quality of life.The prevalence of AD in China has been...Atopic dermatitis(AD)is a common disease clinically characterized by chronic recurrent eczematous lesions,dry skin,and pruritus.AD can negatively impact patients’quality of life.The prevalence of AD in China has been increasing during the past few decades.Based on the most recent advances in the treatment of AD,we updated the 2014 version of the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis in China regarding the definition,epidemiology,pathogenesis,clinical classification,diagnosis,prevention,and treatment of AD.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND The most common EGFR mutations are in-frame deletions in exon 19 and point mutations in exon 21.Cases with classical EGFR mutations show a good response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs),the standard first-line treatment.With the development of next generation sequencing,some uncommon genomic mutations have been detected.However,the effect of TKIs on such uncommon EGFR mutations remains unclear.CASE SUMMARY Here,we report a case of rare EGFR co-mutation in non-small cell lung cancer and the efficacy of afatinib on this EGFR co-mutation.A 64-year-old woman was diagnosed with thoracolumbar and bilateral local rib bone metastases,bilateral pulmonary nodules,and pericardial and left pleural effusion.The pathological diagnosis was lung adenocarcinoma.To seek potential therapeutic regimens,rare co-mutation comprising rare EGFR G724S/R776H mutations and amplification were identified.The patient experienced a significant clinical response with a progression-free survival of 17 mo.CONCLUSION A case of non-small cell lung cancer with rare EGFR G724S/R776H mutations and EGFR amplification responds well to TKI treatment.
文摘BACKGROUND The FGFR signaling pathway is activated in multiple tumor types through gene amplifications,single base substitutions,or gene fusions.Novel FGFR gene fusions may represent candidate targets for the development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we report a patient with colorectal cancer(CRC)harboring a novel FGFR2 fusion gene.A 59-year-old man felt discomfort in his right upper abdomen with loss of appetite for 6 mo.An abdominal computed tomography scan revealed the existence of a space-occupying lesion in the ascending colon.The pathological diagnosis was a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma.Subsequent biopsy specimen was subjected to next-generation sequencing analysis,and a novel FGFR2-TSC22D1 fusion with complete kinase structure of FGFR2 protein was identified.CONCLUSION We report the first case of CRC harboring FGFR2-TSC22D1,which enriches the FGFR2 fusion spectrum.FGFR2 inhibitors might be effective in the later treatment for this patient.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61074065)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(No.F2012203184)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(No.20111333120009)
文摘Quantized fault detection for sensor/actuator faults of networked control systems （NCSs） with time delays both in the sensor-to-controller channel and controller-to-actuator channel is concerned in this paper. A fault model is set up based on the possible cases of sensor/atuator faults. Then, the model predictive control is used to compensate the time delay. When the sensors and actuators are healthy, an H stability criterion of the state predictive observer is obtained in terms of linear matrix inequality. A new threshold computational method that conforms to the actual situation is proposed. Then, the thresholds of the false alarm rate （FAR） and miss detection rate （MDR） are presented by using our proposed method, which are also compared with the ones given in the existin~ literatures. Finally, some numerical simulations are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
文摘Vitiligo is a common depigmented skin disease that negatively affects the physical and mental health of patients.The 2018 version of the Vitiligo Treatment Consensus has been updated based on the research progress on vitiligo in the past 3 years in combination with the clinical experiences of experts.The newly revised points include maintenance therapy,early glucocorticoid intervention,and oral mini-pulsed glucocorticoid administration protocols.The prospect of using JAK inhibitors in the treatment of vitiligo is also discussed.
文摘The pathogenesis of melasma is believed to be related to heredity,sun exposure,sex hormones,and other factors.The mechanisms underlying the development of melasma include increased melanin synthesis,vascular proliferation within the skin lesions,inflammation,and skin barrier dysfunction.The diagnosis of melasma is mainly based on clinical manifestations and noninvasive techniques.Coupling with recent research progress in melasma,the present consensus comprehensively elaborates the etiology,pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,staging,classification,diagnosis,and treatment of melasma to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic skills of Chinese dermatologists.
文摘Atopic dermatitis(AD)is a common disease clinically characterized by chronic recurrent eczematous lesions,dry skin,and pruritus.AD can negatively impact patients’quality of life.The prevalence of AD in China has been increasing during the past few decades.Based on the most recent advances in the treatment of AD,we updated the 2014 version of the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis in China regarding the definition,epidemiology,pathogenesis,clinical classification,diagnosis,prevention,and treatment of AD.
