gpidemiology and characteristics of acute poisoning treated at an emergency center

BACKGROUND： Acute poisoning is frequently encountered at emergency department. This study was to investigate the epidemiology and characteristics of patients with acute poisoning who were treated at the Emergency Center, Fujian Provincial Hospital, China.METHODS： We retrospectively analyzed the gender, age, causes of poisoning, types of poisons, poisoning route, emergency diagnoses, outcomes, and prognoses of these patients.RESULTS： Altogether 2867 patients with acute poisoning were treated from January 2004 to December 2009. The ratio of male to female was 1：1.04, and their average age was 33.8 years. Of the 2867 patients, 76.39% were between 18 and 40 years old. The incidence of acute poisoning was as high as 11.33% in January each year. The incidence of poisoning was in a descending order： alcohol poisoning （54.55%）, medication poisoning （25.95%）, pesticide poisoning （5.65%）, and drug poisoning （4.88%）. Most （56.44%） of the patients with drug poisoning were under 25 years and their mean age was significantly lower than that of patients with medication poisoning or alcohol poisoning （P 〈 0.01）. Approximately 69.54% of the patients were followed up after emergency treatment, 30.39% were hospitalized, and four patients died.CONCLUSION： Acute poisoning is largely alcohol poisoning and medication poisoning in a city. The emergency green channel ＂pre-hospital emergency care-emergency department-hospital treatment＂ can significantly improve the survival rate of patients with acute poisoning.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes

AIM:To evaluate the correlation between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS:Data were obtained from 1217 inpatients with T2DM(757 females,460 males;aged 63.39 ± 12.28 years).NAFLD was diagnosed by hepatic ultrasonography.Diabetic nephropathy(DN),diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN),and diabetic retinopathy(DR) were diagnosed according to their respective criteria.The prevalence of NAFLD and the independent correlations of clinical characteristics with NAFLD were determined by cross-tabulation and logistic regression,respectively.RESULTS:Approximately 61% of inpatients with T2DM in Qingdao,China had NAFLD,which decreased significantly with increase in age and prolonged course of diabetes.The prevalence of NAFLD in patients presenting with DN,DPN and DR was 49.4%,57.2% and 54.9%,respectively.These rates were significantly lower than those of patients without DN,DPN and DR(65.9%,65.6% and 66.1%,respectively,P < 0.05).Participants with NAFLD had greater body weight,waist circumference(WC),body mass index(BMI),fasting blood glucose(FBG),hemoglobin A1c,alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,γ-glutamyltransferase,blood pressure,as well as triglyceride(TG) levels and lower high-density lipoprotein(HDL) concentration than those without NAFLD(P < 0.05).NAFLD was positively correlated with BMI,WC,TG,FBG,diastolic blood pressure,and systolic blood pressure but negatively correlated with the duration of diabetes,DR,DPN,DN,and HDL.CONCLUSION:Despite the benign nature of NAFLD,efforts should be directed toward early diagnosis,intensive blood glucose and blood pressure control,and effective dyslipidemia correction.