Retrospective analysis of the progression of a case of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation:the patient was a 65 year old man with prostate adenocarcinoma on prostate bio...Retrospective analysis of the progression of a case of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation:the patient was a 65 year old man with prostate adenocarcinoma on prostate biopsy,Gleason 4+4 score=8,70%,ISUP4 group,localized invasion of nerves.Progressed to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer after 8 months of novel endocrine therapy,persistent elevated PSA after endocrine therapy,chemotherapy,and radiation,abdominal metastasis,brain metastasis,gastric metastasis,and staging as neuroendocrine differentiation after second prostate biopsy,which is a highly malignant subtype and has been concerned as a mechanism of resistance to targeted therapies.We discuss how to choose a more optimal treatment plan and outline the patient's diagnostic and therapeutic course.We provide a reflection for the clinical study of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with neuroendocrine type.展开更多
Bilayer humidity-responsive actuators are generally composed of actuating and supporting layers of different materials with largely different wettability.Such kinds of bilayer actuators suffer from low adhesive force ...Bilayer humidity-responsive actuators are generally composed of actuating and supporting layers of different materials with largely different wettability.Such kinds of bilayer actuators suffer from low adhesive force between the two layers during usage.This study demonstrates the preparation of humidity-responsive bilayer actuators that have the same materials in the actuating and supporting layers to avoid the adhesive issue.The bilayer actuators consist of a porous poly(acrylic acid)(PAA)/poly(allylamine hydrochloride)(PAH)layer and a nonporous PAA/PAH layer that are fabricated by exponentially layer-by-layer assembly method.At a high/low relative humidity(RH),the nonporous PAA/PAH layer can efficiently expand/shrink by absorbing/desorbing water while the volume expansion/shrinkage of the porous PAA/PAH layer in an environment with changed humidity is significantly suppressed by the micrometer-sized pores.The largely different expansion/shrinkage of the nonporous and porous PAA/PAH layers when subjected to humidity changes enables rapid and reversible rolling/unrolling motions of the bilayer actuator.The bilayer actuator shows a faster rolling speed and a larger bending curvature when subjected to a larger humidity increase.展开更多
基金co-first authors:Zeng-Feng Hanco-first authors/Corresponding to:Bin-Xu Sun,Department of Oncology,The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion.No.88 Changling Road,Xiqing District,Tianjin 300381,China.E-mail:sunbinxu@126.comCorresponding to:Shan-Qi Guo,Department of Oncology,The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion.No.88 Changling Road,Xiqing District,Tianjin 300381,China.E-mail:15022476737@163.com.
文摘Retrospective analysis of the progression of a case of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation:the patient was a 65 year old man with prostate adenocarcinoma on prostate biopsy,Gleason 4+4 score=8,70%,ISUP4 group,localized invasion of nerves.Progressed to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer after 8 months of novel endocrine therapy,persistent elevated PSA after endocrine therapy,chemotherapy,and radiation,abdominal metastasis,brain metastasis,gastric metastasis,and staging as neuroendocrine differentiation after second prostate biopsy,which is a highly malignant subtype and has been concerned as a mechanism of resistance to targeted therapies.We discuss how to choose a more optimal treatment plan and outline the patient's diagnostic and therapeutic course.We provide a reflection for the clinical study of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with neuroendocrine type.
基金financially supported by the National Basic Research Program (No. 2013CB834503)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21225419)
文摘Bilayer humidity-responsive actuators are generally composed of actuating and supporting layers of different materials with largely different wettability.Such kinds of bilayer actuators suffer from low adhesive force between the two layers during usage.This study demonstrates the preparation of humidity-responsive bilayer actuators that have the same materials in the actuating and supporting layers to avoid the adhesive issue.The bilayer actuators consist of a porous poly(acrylic acid)(PAA)/poly(allylamine hydrochloride)(PAH)layer and a nonporous PAA/PAH layer that are fabricated by exponentially layer-by-layer assembly method.At a high/low relative humidity(RH),the nonporous PAA/PAH layer can efficiently expand/shrink by absorbing/desorbing water while the volume expansion/shrinkage of the porous PAA/PAH layer in an environment with changed humidity is significantly suppressed by the micrometer-sized pores.The largely different expansion/shrinkage of the nonporous and porous PAA/PAH layers when subjected to humidity changes enables rapid and reversible rolling/unrolling motions of the bilayer actuator.The bilayer actuator shows a faster rolling speed and a larger bending curvature when subjected to a larger humidity increase.
