CDH1 germline mutation in hereditary gastric carcinoma

This paper provides a bird's-eye view both in preclinical and clinical aspects of E-cadherin germline gene (CDH1) in gastric cancer patients and their families. E-cadherin, a product of CDH1 gene, belonging to the functionally related trans-membrane glycoprotein family, is responsible for the Ca^2+-dependent cell-cell adhesion mechanism and contributes to dissociation followed by acquisition of cell motility, which usually occurs in the first step of cancer irwasion and metastasis. CDH1 gene germline mutation is common in many types of carcinoma, and occurs very frequent in hereditary gastric carcinoma (HGC) patients and their families. Recently, more and more researches support that E-cadherin plays an important role in the differentiation, growth and invasion of HGC. So it is of great value to clarify its mechanisms both for understanding HGC pathogenesis and for clinical therapy, especially in China, where there are a high risk population of gastric cancer and a high HGC incidence rate. In this paper, recent researches on CDH1 gene mutation, especially its role in tumor genesis and progress of HGC, are reviewed, and advances in evaluation of its mutation status for HGC diagnosis, therapy and prognosis, are also discussed briefly.

Construction and expression of recombined human AFP eukaryotic expression vector

AIM: To construct a recombined human AFP eukaryotic expression vector for the purpose of gene therapy and target therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS: The full length AFP-cDNA of prokaryotic vector was digested, and subcloned to the multi-clony sites of the eukaryotic vector. The constructed vector was confirmed by enzymes digestion and electrophoresis, and the product expressed was detected by electrochemiluminescence and immunofluorescence methods.RESULTS: The full length AFP-cDNA successfully cloned to the eukaryotic vector through electrophoresis, 0.9723 IU/ml AFP antigen was detected in the supernatant of AFPCHO by electrochemiluminescence method. Compared with the control groups, the differences were significant (P＜0.05).AFP antigen molecule was observed in the plasma of AFPCHO by immunofluorescence staining.CONCLUSION: The recombined human AFP eukaryotic expression vector can express in CHO cell line. It provides experimental data for gene therapy and target therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Chinese literature associated with diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori

AIM:To synthetically analyze and probe into the diagnosis of H pyloriinfection,we followed the principles of evidencebased medicine.METHODS:A total of 22 papers of prevalence survey and case-control studies were selected for studying about diadynamic methods.Using meta-analysis, we analyzed the different diadynamic methods of H pyloriin China.RESULTS: Through meta-analysis,among the five diadynamic methods,the accuracy of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was the highest (98.47%) and PCR was the most sensitive method (Sp:99.03%).CONCLUSION:Among the five diadynamic methods, the accuracy of PCR is the highest and PCR is the most sensitive method to diagnose the infection of Hpylori.

Pathological characteristics of gastric leiomyoblastoma

AIM: To determine the pathological characteristics of gastric leiomyoblastoma.METHODS: All tissues were obtained during surgery or gastroscopy. Tissue specimens for examination by light microscope were 1 cmxl cmxl cm in size, fixed in 40 g/L neutral buffered formaldehyde, embedded in paraffin, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The fresh tissues obtained for electron microscopy were 1 mmxl mmxl mm in size, and fixed in phosphate buffered 30 g/L glutaraldehyde, postfixed in 10 g/L osmium tetroxide and dehydrated in graded alcohol, embebbed in Epon 812. UItrathin sections of 50 nm were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate and examined under a JEM-2000 EX transmission electron microscope.RESULTS: The most important histopathological feature of leiomyoblastoma was the predominance of large, rounded or polygonal cells with characteristic perinuclear clear zone in cytoplasms. The tumor cells arranged in patch, cell junction or junctional complex could be found occasionally between cells under electron microscope. Most of the neoplastic cytoplasms were filled with myofilaments, dense bodies, and dense patches. Rough endoplasmic reticulum dilatated as lakes, and large quantities of protein secretions of intermediate electron density were found in the dilated cisternae. Intracisternal segregation could also be found. The nuclei were round or oval, and anomalous nuclei were found in part of cells.CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of gastric leiomyoblastoma can be confirmed by electron microscopy. The clear appearance of tumor cells is due to the dilation of rough endoplasmic reticulum, not fat droplets, glycogens or mucus in cytoplasm.