<strong>Objective:</strong> Pre-, pro- and postbiotics are becoming more prevalent as ingredients in cosmetic and personal care products. A novel triple biotic technology has been developed and investigate...<strong>Objective:</strong> Pre-, pro- and postbiotics are becoming more prevalent as ingredients in cosmetic and personal care products. A novel triple biotic technology has been developed and investigated for its impact on skin flora and skin barrier properties. <strong>Methods:</strong> Growth inhibition/promotion assay was performed to determine the effect on skin bacteria growth, using <em>Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium striatum, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis</em>. A skin penetration assay and skin barrier biomarker measurements were performed using an <em>ex vivo</em> human skin explant model. The triple-biotic complex of inulin, 2-butyloctanol, and a biomimic blend of postbiotics was tested individually as well as part of cosmetic formulations. <strong>Results:</strong> The triple-biotic technology, either as individual components or in a cosmetic formulation, inhibited the growth of undesirable bacteria, in most cases. On the other hand, the growth of desirable bacteria was either promoted or maintained. The cosmetic formulations with the triple-biotic technology demonstrated an enhanced skin barrier and an increase in skin barrier biomarkers. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> A novel triple-biotic technology has been developed and shown to deliver a strong prebiotic effect with demonstrable benefits on bacterial growth, skin barrier properties, and the production of skin barrier biomarkers. This study indicates that triple-biotic technology can be used as a desirable prebiotic ingredient in personal care products to provide skin health benefits.展开更多
Friction behaviors of linear rolling guides(LRGs)are determined by many factors and are crucial for precision positioning.It is difficult to create an expression to describe the friction behaviors exactly and complete...Friction behaviors of linear rolling guides(LRGs)are determined by many factors and are crucial for precision positioning.It is difficult to create an expression to describe the friction behaviors exactly and completely.A new experimental method for measuring the friction behaviors of one LRG individually was developed,and linear motor direct drive technology is utilized in the experiment setup.The position signal is acquired by a grating,and the friction of the LRG is deduced by the product of the mass of the moving part and its acceleration.In the experiment,the LRG can move with the friction only,and the friction transition from normal rolling to prerolling stage was detected.The asperities’deformations were utilized to explain it.Hysteresis loops and internal loops were measured.The results indicate the non-local memory of the LRG,and the historical trajectory have an important impact on the friction behaviors of LRGs in the pre-rolling stage.展开更多
An iron-less single side permanent magnetic linear motor structure is presented,and two-dimensional analytical formulae for its magnetic field are deduced to design the types of magnetic arrays,the thickness of perman...An iron-less single side permanent magnetic linear motor structure is presented,and two-dimensional analytical formulae for its magnetic field are deduced to design the types of magnetic arrays,the thickness of permanent magnet,and the duty ratio of magnet arrays,etc.With certain design parameters,conventional arrays are used instead of a piecewise Halbach arrays,and the machining and assembling of the motor are greatly simplified.Calculation results coincide with that of ANSYS.The analytical formulae can be used in designing cored linear motors by modifying boundary conditions.A linear motor driven bench with a single degree of freedom is realized,where the travel reaches 27 mm,the mass of the moving parts is 1.4 kg,and the maximum acceleration is 11.5 m/s^(2).展开更多
文摘<strong>Objective:</strong> Pre-, pro- and postbiotics are becoming more prevalent as ingredients in cosmetic and personal care products. A novel triple biotic technology has been developed and investigated for its impact on skin flora and skin barrier properties. <strong>Methods:</strong> Growth inhibition/promotion assay was performed to determine the effect on skin bacteria growth, using <em>Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium striatum, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis</em>. A skin penetration assay and skin barrier biomarker measurements were performed using an <em>ex vivo</em> human skin explant model. The triple-biotic complex of inulin, 2-butyloctanol, and a biomimic blend of postbiotics was tested individually as well as part of cosmetic formulations. <strong>Results:</strong> The triple-biotic technology, either as individual components or in a cosmetic formulation, inhibited the growth of undesirable bacteria, in most cases. On the other hand, the growth of desirable bacteria was either promoted or maintained. The cosmetic formulations with the triple-biotic technology demonstrated an enhanced skin barrier and an increase in skin barrier biomarkers. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> A novel triple-biotic technology has been developed and shown to deliver a strong prebiotic effect with demonstrable benefits on bacterial growth, skin barrier properties, and the production of skin barrier biomarkers. This study indicates that triple-biotic technology can be used as a desirable prebiotic ingredient in personal care products to provide skin health benefits.
基金supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (2009CB724200)
文摘Friction behaviors of linear rolling guides(LRGs)are determined by many factors and are crucial for precision positioning.It is difficult to create an expression to describe the friction behaviors exactly and completely.A new experimental method for measuring the friction behaviors of one LRG individually was developed,and linear motor direct drive technology is utilized in the experiment setup.The position signal is acquired by a grating,and the friction of the LRG is deduced by the product of the mass of the moving part and its acceleration.In the experiment,the LRG can move with the friction only,and the friction transition from normal rolling to prerolling stage was detected.The asperities’deformations were utilized to explain it.Hysteresis loops and internal loops were measured.The results indicate the non-local memory of the LRG,and the historical trajectory have an important impact on the friction behaviors of LRGs in the pre-rolling stage.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.50475083).
文摘An iron-less single side permanent magnetic linear motor structure is presented,and two-dimensional analytical formulae for its magnetic field are deduced to design the types of magnetic arrays,the thickness of permanent magnet,and the duty ratio of magnet arrays,etc.With certain design parameters,conventional arrays are used instead of a piecewise Halbach arrays,and the machining and assembling of the motor are greatly simplified.Calculation results coincide with that of ANSYS.The analytical formulae can be used in designing cored linear motors by modifying boundary conditions.A linear motor driven bench with a single degree of freedom is realized,where the travel reaches 27 mm,the mass of the moving parts is 1.4 kg,and the maximum acceleration is 11.5 m/s^(2).
