An orbitofrontal cortex to midbrain projection modulates neuropathic pain

Neuropathic pain is a long term and common pain disorder in clinics that is refractory to treatment,however,the neural substrates and underlying mechanisms are poorly understood.Using the com bination of neuronal mapping,optogenetics,chemogenetics,eletrophysiological recording,in vivo fiber photometry and behavioral testing,we previously identified a new neural circuit of BLA-mPFC-vIPAG and its key role in encoding and modulation of the spared nerve injury(SNI)-induced neuropathic pain..Here we report that the V M-vlOFC-vIPAG circuit modulates neuropathic pain and dissects the underlying mechanisms at cellular and circuitry level.

Detecting neutrinos from supernova bursts in PandaX-4T

Neutrinos from core-collapse supernovae are essential for understanding neutrino physics and stellar evolution.Dual-phase xenon dark matter detectors can be used to track explosions of galactic supernovae by detecting neutrinos through coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scatterings.In this study,a variation of progenitor masses and explosion models are assumed to predict neutrino fluxes and spectra,which result in the number of expected neutrino events ranging from 6.6 to 13.7 at a distance of 10 kpc over a 10-s duration with negligible backgrounds at PandaX-4T.Two specialized triggering alarms for monitoring supernova burst neutrinos are built.The efficiency of detecting supernova explosions at various distances in the Milky Way is estimated.These alarms will be implemented in the real-time supernova monitoring system at PandaX-4T in the near future,which will provide supernova early warnings for the astronomical community.

Waveform simulation in PandaX-4T

Signal reconstruction through software processing is a crucial component of the background and signal models in the PandaX-4T experiment,which is a multi-tonne dark matter direct search experiment.The accuracy of signal reconstruction is influenced by various detector artifacts,including noise,dark count of photomultiplier,photoionization of impurities in the detector,and other relevant considerations.In this study,we presented a detailed description of a semi-data-driven approach designed to simulate a signal waveform.This work provides a reliable model for the efficiency and bias of the signal reconstruction in the data analysis of PandaX-4T.By comparing critical variables that relate to the temporal shape and hit pattern of the signals,we found good agreement between the simulation and data.

Safety and clinical efficacy of sintilimab (anti-PD-1) in pediatric patients with advanced or recurrent malignancies in a phase I study

The aim of this phase I study is to evaluate,for the first time,the safety and efficacy of sintilimab in pediatric patients diagnosed with advanced or recurrent malignancies.During the dose escalation phase,patients received a single intravenous infusion of sintilimab at varying doses of 1,3,and 10 mg/kg.The primary endpoints included the identification of dose-limiting toxicities(DLTs)as well as the evaluation of safety and tolerance.Secondary endpoints focused on assessing objective response rate(ORR),progression-free survival(PFS),and overall survival(OS).A total of 29 patients were enrolled,including 10 individuals diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma(HL)and 19 patients with various other tumor categories.Notably,diverse pathological types such as thymoma,choroid plexus carcinoma,and NK/T-cell lymphoma were also included in the study cohort.By the safety data cutoff,most adverse events were grade 1 or 2,with grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse events(TRAE)occurring in 10%of patients.Among the 27 evaluated subjects,four achieved confirmed complete response(CR)while seven patients exhibited confirmed partial response(PR).Additionally,seven patients maintained disease(SD)during the study period.Notably,sintilimab demonstrated remarkable tolerability without DLTs and exhibited promising anti-tumor effects in pediatric HL.Whole-exome sequencing(WES)was conducted in 15 patients to assess the mutational landscape and copy number variation(CNV)status.The completion of this phase I study establishes the foundation for potential combination regimens involving sintilimab in childhood cancer treatment.The trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov with the identifier NCT04400851.

重视斜视术后双眼视功能的重建

双眼视是双眼输入的视觉信息进行加工整理最终形成三维立体视觉的过程,属于大脑皮层的高级认知活动。斜视因为眼位的偏斜产生复视和混淆视,进而引起视觉抑制、异常视网膜对应、注视异常、三级视功能受损等一系列双眼视异常,严重影响了双眼视觉形成和发育。手术治疗为斜视的主要的治疗方法,但斜视矫正术后大部分患者无法获得正常的双眼视功能,而斜视的治疗应以重建双眼视功能为目标。斜视治疗不仅要重视眼位的恢复,更要重视双眼视功能的重建。重建双眼视功能在减少斜视的复发率,提高斜视的治疗效果方面具有积极的作用,并大大提高斜视患者术后的生活质量。所以双眼视功能重建应在斜视治疗中占有更重要的地位。斜视的早期手术治疗是建立双眼视觉的先决条件,同时应重视术后正确的屈光矫正和弱视的治疗,正确选用训练手段,个性化制定训练方案,才能促进双眼视功能的重建。

Outcomes of Burkitt lymphoma with bone marrow involvement or Burkitt leukemia in Chinese children

Importance Burkitt lymphoma with bone marrow involvement and Burkitt leukemia behave aggressively.Thus far,there are limited data concerning survival and toxicity in Chinese children with Burkitt lymphoma or Burkitt leukemia who have undergone treatment with the non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster-90/95(NHL-BFM-90/95)protocol.Objective To analyze outcomes and toxicity in pediatric patients who exhibit Burkitt lymphoma with bone marrow involvement or Burkitt leukemia following treatment with the NHL-BFM-90/95 protocol.Methods Patients aged<18 years with bone marrow involvement/leukemia who were treated with the NHL-BFM-90/95 protocol,with or without rituximab,in Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center from April 2004 to December 2018 were included in this retrospective analysis.Results Twenty-five patients were eligible.Burkitt lymphoma with bone marrow involvement and Burkitt leukemia were present in 10 and 15 patients,respectively.Central nervous system infiltration was not observed in any patients.All patients underwent chemotherapy involving NHL-BFM-90/95 protocol.Six courses of treatment were administered to each patient(v-AA-BB-CC-AA-BB-CC).The BFM-90/95 plus rituximab protocol was administered to 13 patients.The median follow-up interval was 31.9 months(range,2.5–158 months).Of the 25 patients,four died:three died of tumor progression and one died of therapy abandonment after relief of tumor lysis syndrome.The estimated 5-year event-free survival and overall survival rates were both 85.8%±5.0%.Interpretation Chinese pediatric patients who exhibit Burkitt lymphoma with bone marrow involvement or Burkitt leukemia can achieve optimal treatment outcomes and exhibit good tolerance when using the NHL-BFM-90/95 protocol.

改造项目规范化研究——以接纳承诺疗法(ACT)为例

为了缓解罪犯服刑压力及不良情绪,从而更好地融入改造生活,北京市女子监狱规范化开展接纳承诺疗法(ACT)改造项目,运用ACT“活在当下、接纳、认知解离、以己为景、明确价值、承诺行动”治疗模型,结合“消除痛苦的最好方式、接纳不完美的自己、摆脱头脑枷锁、收获自由心灵”等团体内容,帮助罪犯客观认识自己,正确接纳自己。在“生命之树、T字谜、尼克胡哲的故事、狐狸吃葡萄的故事”等环节中引导罪犯深入领会活动中隐藏的道理,从而获得自我成长。4年多的实践证明,接纳承诺疗法(ACT)改造项目是符合罪犯改造需求的,起到了稳定罪犯情绪、缓解罪犯压力、促进罪犯改造的积极效果。