The ionome is essential for maintaining body function and health status by participating in diverse key biological processes.Nevertheless, the distribution and utilization of ionome among different organs and how agin...The ionome is essential for maintaining body function and health status by participating in diverse key biological processes.Nevertheless, the distribution and utilization of ionome among different organs and how aging impacts the ionome leading to a decline in egg white quality remain unknown. Thus, we used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) to analyze 35 elements and their isotopic contents in eight organs of laying hens at 35, 72, and 100 weeks. Moreover, the magnum proteome, amino acids in egg white, and egg white quality were analyzed in laying hens at three different ages using 4D proteomics techniques, an amino acid analyzer, and an egg quality analyzer. Across the organs, we identified varying distribution patterns among macroelements(Mg24, Ca43/44, K39, and P31), transition metals(Zn64/66, Cu63/65, Fe56/57, and Mn55), and toxic elements(Pb208, Ba137, and Sr86). We observed an organ-specific aging pattern characterized by the accumulation of toxic elements(Pb208, Ba137, and Sr86) and calcification in the small intestine. Additionally, a decrease in the utilization of essential trace elements selenium(Se78/82) and manganese(Mn55) was noted in the oviduct. By analyzing ionome in tandem with egg quality, egg white amino acids, and proteome, we unveiled that the reduction of selenium and manganese concentrations in the magnum during the aging process affected amino acid metabolism, particularly tryptophan metabolism, thereby inhibiting the amino acid synthesis in the magnum. Furthermore, it accelerated the senescence of magnum cells through necroptosis activation, leading to a decline in the albumen secretion function of the magnum and subsequently reducing egg white quality.Overall, this study provides insights into the evolution of 35 elements and their isotopes across 8 organs of laying hens with age.It also reveals the elemental composition, interactions, and utilization patterns of these organs, as well as their correlation with egg white quality. The present study highlights the significance of ionome and offers a comprehensive perspective on the selection of ionome for regulating the aging of laying hens.展开更多
To achieve head-to-tail cyclic peptides via the liquid-phase on-support cyclization and synergistic self-cleavage strategy,4,4’-bis(diphenylphosphinyloxyl)diphenyl ketoxime(BDKO)and 4-diphenyl phospho-loxy benzyl alc...To achieve head-to-tail cyclic peptides via the liquid-phase on-support cyclization and synergistic self-cleavage strategy,4,4’-bis(diphenylphosphinyloxyl)diphenyl ketoxime(BDKO)and 4-diphenyl phospho-loxy benzyl alcohol(DPBA)were designed and prepared as small-molecular supports of greener peptide synthesis.In the process of the BDKO(or DPBA)support assisted Boc strategy for liquid-phase peptide chain extension,the last amino acid at the N-terminus of the peptide chain ends with a Fmoc protected amino acid.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFE0111100)the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University。
文摘The ionome is essential for maintaining body function and health status by participating in diverse key biological processes.Nevertheless, the distribution and utilization of ionome among different organs and how aging impacts the ionome leading to a decline in egg white quality remain unknown. Thus, we used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) to analyze 35 elements and their isotopic contents in eight organs of laying hens at 35, 72, and 100 weeks. Moreover, the magnum proteome, amino acids in egg white, and egg white quality were analyzed in laying hens at three different ages using 4D proteomics techniques, an amino acid analyzer, and an egg quality analyzer. Across the organs, we identified varying distribution patterns among macroelements(Mg24, Ca43/44, K39, and P31), transition metals(Zn64/66, Cu63/65, Fe56/57, and Mn55), and toxic elements(Pb208, Ba137, and Sr86). We observed an organ-specific aging pattern characterized by the accumulation of toxic elements(Pb208, Ba137, and Sr86) and calcification in the small intestine. Additionally, a decrease in the utilization of essential trace elements selenium(Se78/82) and manganese(Mn55) was noted in the oviduct. By analyzing ionome in tandem with egg quality, egg white amino acids, and proteome, we unveiled that the reduction of selenium and manganese concentrations in the magnum during the aging process affected amino acid metabolism, particularly tryptophan metabolism, thereby inhibiting the amino acid synthesis in the magnum. Furthermore, it accelerated the senescence of magnum cells through necroptosis activation, leading to a decline in the albumen secretion function of the magnum and subsequently reducing egg white quality.Overall, this study provides insights into the evolution of 35 elements and their isotopes across 8 organs of laying hens with age.It also reveals the elemental composition, interactions, and utilization patterns of these organs, as well as their correlation with egg white quality. The present study highlights the significance of ionome and offers a comprehensive perspective on the selection of ionome for regulating the aging of laying hens.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21572180)the Intergovernmental Science and Technology Cooperation and Exchange Program between China and Romania(43-24-20180510)the National College Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of China(S201910699286).
文摘To achieve head-to-tail cyclic peptides via the liquid-phase on-support cyclization and synergistic self-cleavage strategy,4,4’-bis(diphenylphosphinyloxyl)diphenyl ketoxime(BDKO)and 4-diphenyl phospho-loxy benzyl alcohol(DPBA)were designed and prepared as small-molecular supports of greener peptide synthesis.In the process of the BDKO(or DPBA)support assisted Boc strategy for liquid-phase peptide chain extension,the last amino acid at the N-terminus of the peptide chain ends with a Fmoc protected amino acid.
