Existing evidence suggested that short-term exposure to fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))may increase the risk of death from myocardial infarction(MI),while PM_(2.5) constituents responsible for this association has n...Existing evidence suggested that short-term exposure to fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))may increase the risk of death from myocardial infarction(MI),while PM_(2.5) constituents responsible for this association has not been determined.We collected 12,927 MI deaths from 32 counties in southern China during 2011–2013.County-level exposures of ambient PM_(2.5) and its 5 constituents(i.e.,elemental carbon(EC),organic carbon(OC),sulfate(SO_(4)^(2-)),ammonium(NH_(4)^(+)),and nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)))were aggregated from gridded datasets predicted by Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System.We employed a space-time-stratified casecrossover design and conditional logistic regression models to quantify the association of MI mortality with short-term exposure to PM_(2.5) and its constituents across various lag days.Over the study period,the daily mean PM_(2.5) mass concentration was 77.8(standard deviation(SD)=72.7)μg/m^(3).We estimated an odds ratio of 1.038(95%confidence interval(CI):1.003-1.074),1.038(1.013-1.063)and 1.057(1.023-1.097)for MI mortality associated with per interquartile range(IQR)increase in the 3-day moving-average exposure to PM_(2.5)(IQR=76.3μg/m 3),EC(4.1μg/m^(3))and OC(9.1μg/m^(3)),respectively.We did not identify significant association between MI death and exposure to water-soluble ions(SO_(4)^(2-),NH_(4)^(+)and NO_(3)^(-)).Likelihood ratio tests supported no evident violations of linear assumptions for constituents-MI associations.Subgroup analyses showed stronger associations between MI death and EC/OC exposure in the elderly,males and cold months.Short-term exposure to PM_(2.5) constituents,particularly those carbonaceous aerosols,was associated with increased risks of MI mortality.展开更多
A growing number of studies associated increased mortality with exposures to specific fine particulate(PM_(2.5))constituents,while great heterogeneity exists between locations.In China,evidence linking PM_(2.5)constit...A growing number of studies associated increased mortality with exposures to specific fine particulate(PM_(2.5))constituents,while great heterogeneity exists between locations.In China,evidence linking PM_(2.5)constituents and mortality was extensively sparse.This study primarily aimed to quantify short-term associations between PM_(2.5)constituents and non-accidental mortality among the Chinese population.We collected daily mortality records from 32 counties in China between January 1,2011,and December 31,2013.Daily concentrations of main PM_(2.5)constituents(organic carbon(OC),elemental carbon(EC),nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)),sulfate(SO_(4)^(2−)),and ammonium(NH_(4)^(+)))were estimated using the modified Community Multiscale Air Quality model.Time-stratified case-crossover design with conditional logistic regression models was adopted to estimate mortality risks associated with short-term exposures to PM_(2.5)mass and its constituents.Stratification analyses were done by sex,age,and season.A total of 116,959 non-accidental deaths were investigated.PM_(2.5)concentrations on the day of death were averaged at 75.7μg m^(−3)(control day:75.6μg m^(−3)),with an interquartile range(IQR)of 65.2μg m^(−3).Per IQR rise in PM_(2.5),EC,OC,NO_(3)^(-),SO_(4)^(2−),and NH_(4)^(+)at lag-04 day was associated with an increase in non-accidental mortality of 2.4%(95%confidence interval,(1.0–3.7),1.7%(0.8–2.7),2.9%(1.6–4.3),2.1%(0.4–3.9),1.0%(0.2–1.9),and 1.6%(0.3–2.9),respectively.Both PM_(2.5)mass and its constituents were strongly associated with elevated cardiovascular mortality risks,but only PM_(2.5),EC,and OC were positively associated with respiratory mortality at lag-3 day.PM_(2.5)mass and its constituents associated effects on mortality varied among sex-and age-specific subpopulations.Differences in the seasonal pattern of associations exist among PM_(2.5)constituents,with stronger effects related to EC and NO_(3)^(-)in warm months but SO_(4)^(2−)and NH_(4)^(+)in cold months.Short-term exposures to PM_(2.5)compositions were positively associated with increased risks of mortality,particularly those constituents from combustion-related sources.展开更多
基金supported by the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2021CFB032)the Youth Fund Project of Humanities and Social Sciences Research of the Ministry of Education(No.21YJCZH229)the Science and Technology Research Project of Hubei Provincial Department of Education(No.Q20201104).
文摘Existing evidence suggested that short-term exposure to fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))may increase the risk of death from myocardial infarction(MI),while PM_(2.5) constituents responsible for this association has not been determined.We collected 12,927 MI deaths from 32 counties in southern China during 2011–2013.County-level exposures of ambient PM_(2.5) and its 5 constituents(i.e.,elemental carbon(EC),organic carbon(OC),sulfate(SO_(4)^(2-)),ammonium(NH_(4)^(+)),and nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)))were aggregated from gridded datasets predicted by Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System.We employed a space-time-stratified casecrossover design and conditional logistic regression models to quantify the association of MI mortality with short-term exposure to PM_(2.5) and its constituents across various lag days.Over the study period,the daily mean PM_(2.5) mass concentration was 77.8(standard deviation(SD)=72.7)μg/m^(3).We estimated an odds ratio of 1.038(95%confidence interval(CI):1.003-1.074),1.038(1.013-1.063)and 1.057(1.023-1.097)for MI mortality associated with per interquartile range(IQR)increase in the 3-day moving-average exposure to PM_(2.5)(IQR=76.3μg/m 3),EC(4.1μg/m^(3))and OC(9.1μg/m^(3)),respectively.We did not identify significant association between MI death and exposure to water-soluble ions(SO_(4)^(2-),NH_(4)^(+)and NO_(3)^(-)).Likelihood ratio tests supported no evident violations of linear assumptions for constituents-MI associations.Subgroup analyses showed stronger associations between MI death and EC/OC exposure in the elderly,males and cold months.Short-term exposure to PM_(2.5) constituents,particularly those carbonaceous aerosols,was associated with increased risks of MI mortality.
基金supported by Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2021CFB032)Youth Fund Project of Humanities and Social Sciences Research of the Ministry of Education(21YJCZH229)the Science and Technology Research Project of Hubei Provincial Department of Education(Q20201104)。
文摘A growing number of studies associated increased mortality with exposures to specific fine particulate(PM_(2.5))constituents,while great heterogeneity exists between locations.In China,evidence linking PM_(2.5)constituents and mortality was extensively sparse.This study primarily aimed to quantify short-term associations between PM_(2.5)constituents and non-accidental mortality among the Chinese population.We collected daily mortality records from 32 counties in China between January 1,2011,and December 31,2013.Daily concentrations of main PM_(2.5)constituents(organic carbon(OC),elemental carbon(EC),nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)),sulfate(SO_(4)^(2−)),and ammonium(NH_(4)^(+)))were estimated using the modified Community Multiscale Air Quality model.Time-stratified case-crossover design with conditional logistic regression models was adopted to estimate mortality risks associated with short-term exposures to PM_(2.5)mass and its constituents.Stratification analyses were done by sex,age,and season.A total of 116,959 non-accidental deaths were investigated.PM_(2.5)concentrations on the day of death were averaged at 75.7μg m^(−3)(control day:75.6μg m^(−3)),with an interquartile range(IQR)of 65.2μg m^(−3).Per IQR rise in PM_(2.5),EC,OC,NO_(3)^(-),SO_(4)^(2−),and NH_(4)^(+)at lag-04 day was associated with an increase in non-accidental mortality of 2.4%(95%confidence interval,(1.0–3.7),1.7%(0.8–2.7),2.9%(1.6–4.3),2.1%(0.4–3.9),1.0%(0.2–1.9),and 1.6%(0.3–2.9),respectively.Both PM_(2.5)mass and its constituents were strongly associated with elevated cardiovascular mortality risks,but only PM_(2.5),EC,and OC were positively associated with respiratory mortality at lag-3 day.PM_(2.5)mass and its constituents associated effects on mortality varied among sex-and age-specific subpopulations.Differences in the seasonal pattern of associations exist among PM_(2.5)constituents,with stronger effects related to EC and NO_(3)^(-)in warm months but SO_(4)^(2−)and NH_(4)^(+)in cold months.Short-term exposures to PM_(2.5)compositions were positively associated with increased risks of mortality,particularly those constituents from combustion-related sources.
