A theory of the dynamic response of the turbulent plasma against the externally-controlled perturbations is reported. Based on Mori＇s method [Prog. Theor. Phys. 33 423 （1965）], the nonlinear force is assmned to be ...A theory of the dynamic response of the turbulent plasma against the externally-controlled perturbations is reported. Based on Mori＇s method [Prog. Theor. Phys. 33 423 （1965）], the nonlinear force is assmned to be separated into the memory function and the nonlinear fluctuating force. The former corresponds to the damping term, and the latter is categorized into the noise term. The response of the turbulent plasma against the externally-controlled source is formulated. The response kernel, which connects the externally-controlled source and the response of the turbulent field, is shown to have both the nonlocal property （in space） and the non-Markovian response （in time）. A discussion is made on the nonlocal and non-Markovian response, including the case of disparate-scale interactions. A new method is proposed to observe experimentally the nonlocal interaction in the drift wave turbulence via the zonal flows.展开更多
Inhomogeneity is one of the most important problems for the investigation of the superconductor-insulator transition. Y and Pb co-doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ(PbY-Bi2212) crystals were fabricated by the self-flax method in ...Inhomogeneity is one of the most important problems for the investigation of the superconductor-insulator transition. Y and Pb co-doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ(PbY-Bi2212) crystals were fabricated by the self-flax method in order to control both carrier density and dimensionality. The Y-content of PbY-Bi2212 crystals was much wide distributed in the same crucible rather than that of only Y doping Bi2212 (Y-Bi2212) crystals. In order to clear the origin of inhomogeneity, crystals were characterized by wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (WDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). One can estimate the Y-content of cleavage samples from the c-axis lattice parameter obtained by XRD because mainly Y-con- tent affects to c-axis lattice constant for both Y-Bi2212 and PbY-Bi2212 crystals. It found that there are some samples with multi-phases and the ratio of samples with multi-phase for PbY-Bi2212 crystals is larger than that for Y-Bi2212 crystals. The linear relation between Y-content and Pb-content were also found from WDS. Large inhomogeneity of Y-content may be induced from Pb-content inhomogeneity. Transport properties are strongly dependent to Y-content. However they cannot be explained only from the macroscopic chemical compositions of the substitution atom Y and Pb. It may be related to microscopic inhomogeneity.展开更多
基金Project supported by Grants-in-aid for Scientific Research of JSPF, Japan (Grant Nos. 21224014 and 23244113)the Collaboration Programs of NIFS (Grant No. NIFS10KOAP023)+1 种基金the RIAM of Kyushu UniversityAsada Science Foundation
文摘A theory of the dynamic response of the turbulent plasma against the externally-controlled perturbations is reported. Based on Mori＇s method [Prog. Theor. Phys. 33 423 （1965）], the nonlinear force is assmned to be separated into the memory function and the nonlinear fluctuating force. The former corresponds to the damping term, and the latter is categorized into the noise term. The response of the turbulent plasma against the externally-controlled source is formulated. The response kernel, which connects the externally-controlled source and the response of the turbulent field, is shown to have both the nonlocal property （in space） and the non-Markovian response （in time）. A discussion is made on the nonlocal and non-Markovian response, including the case of disparate-scale interactions. A new method is proposed to observe experimentally the nonlocal interaction in the drift wave turbulence via the zonal flows.
文摘Inhomogeneity is one of the most important problems for the investigation of the superconductor-insulator transition. Y and Pb co-doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ(PbY-Bi2212) crystals were fabricated by the self-flax method in order to control both carrier density and dimensionality. The Y-content of PbY-Bi2212 crystals was much wide distributed in the same crucible rather than that of only Y doping Bi2212 (Y-Bi2212) crystals. In order to clear the origin of inhomogeneity, crystals were characterized by wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (WDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). One can estimate the Y-content of cleavage samples from the c-axis lattice parameter obtained by XRD because mainly Y-con- tent affects to c-axis lattice constant for both Y-Bi2212 and PbY-Bi2212 crystals. It found that there are some samples with multi-phases and the ratio of samples with multi-phase for PbY-Bi2212 crystals is larger than that for Y-Bi2212 crystals. The linear relation between Y-content and Pb-content were also found from WDS. Large inhomogeneity of Y-content may be induced from Pb-content inhomogeneity. Transport properties are strongly dependent to Y-content. However they cannot be explained only from the macroscopic chemical compositions of the substitution atom Y and Pb. It may be related to microscopic inhomogeneity.
