Model-driven full system dynamics estimation of PMSM-driven chain shell magazine

Based on the system dynamic model, a full system dynamics estimation method is proposed for a chain shell magazine driven by a permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM). An adaptive extended state observer(AESO) is proposed to estimate the unmeasured states and disturbance, in which the model parameters are adjusted in real time. Theoretical analysis shows that the estimation errors of the disturbances and unmeasured states converge exponentially to zero, and the parameter estimation error can be obtained from the extended state. Then, based on the extended state of the AESO, a novel parameter estimation law is designed. Due to the convergence of AESO, the novel parameter estimation law is insensitive to controllers and excitation signal. Under persistent excitation(PE) condition, the estimated parameters will converge to a compact set around the actual parameter value. Without PE signal, the estimated parameters will converge to zero for the extended state. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method can accurately estimate the unmeasured states and disturbance of the chain shell magazine, and the estimated parameters will converge to the actual value without strictly continuous PE signals.

Mobile Crowdsourcing Task Allocation Based on Dynamic Self-Attention GANs

Crowdsourcing technology is widely recognized for its effectiveness in task scheduling and resource allocation.While traditional methods for task allocation can help reduce costs and improve efficiency,they may encounter challenges when dealing with abnormal data flow nodes,leading to decreased allocation accuracy and efficiency.To address these issues,this study proposes a novel two-part invalid detection task allocation framework.In the first step,an anomaly detection model is developed using a dynamic self-attentive GAN to identify anomalous data.Compared to the baseline method,the model achieves an approximately 4%increase in the F1 value on the public dataset.In the second step of the framework,task allocation modeling is performed using a twopart graph matching method.This phase introduces a P-queue KM algorithm that implements a more efficient optimization strategy.The allocation efficiency is improved by approximately 23.83%compared to the baseline method.Empirical results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed framework in detecting abnormal data nodes,enhancing allocation precision,and achieving efficient allocation.

不同粘土矿物对赖氨酸的吸附行为对比研究

以皂石、高岭石、绿泥石和伊利石为原材料,分别与赖氨酸进行反应,研究赖氨酸在上述粘土矿物上的吸附行为,并运用粉末X-射线衍射技术(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱术(FTIR)和热重(TG)等分析方法,表征反应前后粘土矿物的变化。实验结果表明,不同粘土矿物对赖氨酸的吸附等温线均符合Freundlich等温方程,且不同粘土矿物对赖氨酸的饱和吸附量大小顺序为:皂石>蒙脱石>绿泥石>高岭石>伊利石;XRD结果表明皂石对赖氨酸的吸附发生在矿物层间,而绿泥石、高岭石和伊利石对赖氨酸的吸附主要在矿物表面进行;FTIR和TG结果表明赖氨酸主要取代粘土矿物层间吸附水,以氢键的形式与Si-O-Si(^(IV)Al)键合。实验结果将有助于进一步探明环境中粘土矿物对有机质的吸附机理。

Herb-partitioned moxibustion alleviates colon injuries in ulcerative colitis rats

AIM To observe the effect of herb-partitioned moxibustion(HPM) on expression of colonic cytokines in ulcerative colitis(UC) rats.METHODS A UC rat model was established by protein immunization in combination with topical chemical stimulation.Rats in the HPM group(n = 8) received HPM at bilateral Tianshu(ST25) points.The gross injury and pathological scores of the colon were recorded.The expression profile of colonic cytokines was assayed using the protein microarray technique.Specific differential cytokines were selected and verified by ELISA.The corresponding Uni Prot Accessions of the differentially expressed cytokines were retrieved in the Uni Prot database.The pathways involved were analyzed with the help of the KEGG PATHWAY database.The DAVID database was used for functional cluster and pathway analysis.RESULTS HPM improved colon injuries in UC rats,manifested by accelerated repair of ulcers and alleviation of inflammation,and the gross injury and pathological scores both significantly decreased(P < 0.01).Fold change > 1.3 or < 0.77 was taken as the screening standard.There were 77 down-regulated and 9 up-regulated differentially expressed colonic cytokines in the HPM group compared with the model group,and expression of 20 differed significantly(P < 0.05).Twelve of the 20 significantly differentially expressed cytokines [β-catenin,interleukin-1 receptor 6(IL-1 R6),IL-1β,B7-1,nerve growth factor receptor,AMP-activated protein kinase-α1,neuropilin-2,orexin A,adipocyte differentiation-related protein,IL-2,Fas and Fas L] were up-regulated in the model group(n = 3,compared with the normal group) but downregulated in the HPM group(n = 3,compared with the model group).Functional cluster analysis showed that the differentially expressed colonic cytokines in the HPM group regulated apoptosis and protein phosphorylation.KEGG pathway analysis showed that 52 down-regulated and 7 up-regulated differentially expressed colonic cytokines in the HPM group had pathways.The pathways that interacted between the cytokines and their receptors accounted for the largest proportion(28 of the downregulated and 5 of the up-regulated cytokines).CONCLUSION HPM promotes the repair of colon injuries in UC rats,which is related to the regulation of several abnormally expressed cytokines.

Fabrication of highly dispersed platinum-deposited porous g-C_3N_4 by a simple in situ photoreduction strategy and their excellent visible light photocatalytic activity toward aqueous 4-fluorophenol degradation

A series of highly dispersed platinum‐deposited porous g‐C3N4 (Pt/pg‐C3N4) were successfully fabricated by a simple in situ photoreduction strategy using chloroplatinic acid and porous g‐C3N4 as precursors. Porous g‐C3N4 was fabricated by a pretreatment strategy using melamine as a raw material.The morphology, porosity, phase, chemical structure, and optical and electronic properties ofas‐prepared Pt/pg‐C3N4 were characterized. The photocatalytic activity of as‐prepared Pt/pg‐C3N4was preliminarily evaluated by the degradation of aqueous azo dyes methyl orange under visible light irradiation. The as‐prepared Pt/pg‐C3N4 were further applied to the degradation and mineralization of aqueous 4‐fluorophenol. The recyclability of Pt/pg‐C3N4 was evaluated under four consecutive photocatalytic runs.

Adaptive optics based on machine learning: a review

Adaptive optics techniques have been developed over the past half century and routinely used in large ground-based telescopes for more than 30 years.Although this technique has already been used in various applications,the basic setup and methods have not changed over the past 40 years.In recent years,with the rapid development of artificial in-telligence,adaptive optics will be boosted dramatically.In this paper,the recent advances on almost all aspects of adapt-ive optics based on machine learning are summarized.The state-of-the-art performance of intelligent adaptive optics are reviewed.The potential advantages and deficiencies of intelligent adaptive optics are also discussed.

Cell-free plasma hypermethylated CASZ1, CDH13 and ING2 are promising biomarkers of esophageal cancer

Identifying sensitive and specific biomarkers for early detection of cancer is immensely imperative for early diagnosis and treatment and better clinical outcome of cancer patients. This study aimed to construct a specific DNA methylation pattern of cancer suppressor genes and explore the feasibility of applying cell-free DNA based methylation as a biomarker for early diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC). We recruited early stage ESCC patients from Yangzhong County, China. The Illumina Infinium 450 K Methylation BeadChip was used to construct a genome-wide DNA methylation profile. Then, differentiated genes were selected for the validation study using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. The frequency of methylation was compared between cancer tissues, matched cell-free DNAs and normal controls. The specific methylation profiles were constructed, and the sensitivity and specificity were calculated. Seven CG sites in three genes CASZ1, CDH13 and ING2 were significantly hypermethylated in ESCC as compared with normal controls. A significant correlation was found between the methylation of DNA extracted from cancer tissues and matched plasma cell-free DNA, either for individual CG site or for cumulative methylation analysis. The sensitivity and specificity reached 100% at an appropriate cut-point using these specific methylation biomarkers. This study revealed that aberrant DNA methylation is a promising biomarker for molecular diagnosis of esophageal cancer. Hypermethylation of CASZ1,CDH13 and ING2 detected in plasma cell-free DNA can be applied as a potential noninvasive biomarker for diagnosis of esophageal cancer.

A putative bHLH transcription factor is a candidate gene for male sterile 32,a locus affecting pollen and tapetum development in tomato

The tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)male sterile 32(ms32)mutant has been used in hybrid seed breeding programs largely because it produces no pollen and has exserted stigmas.In this study,histological examination of anthers revealed dysfunctional pollen and tapetum development in the ms32 mutant.The ms32 locus was fine mapped to a 28.5 kb interval that encoded four putative genes.Solyc01g081100,a homolog of Arabidopsis bHLH10/89/90 and rice EAT1,was proposed to be the candidate gene of MS32 because it contained a single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)that led to the formation of a premature stop codon.A codominant derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence(dCAPS)marker,MS32D,was developed based on the SNP.Real-time quantitative reverse-transcription PCR showed that most of the genes,which were proposed to be involved in pollen and tapetum development in tomato,were downregulated in the ms32 mutant.These findings may aid in marker-assisted selection of ms32 in hybrid breeding programs and facilitate studies on the regulatory mechanisms of pollen and tapetum development in tomato.

First light for the sodium laser guide star adaptive optics system on the Lijiang 1.8 m telescope

A first generation sodium Laser Guide Star Adaptive Optics System （LGS-AOS） was developed and integrated into the Lijiang 1.8 m telescope in 2013. The LGS-AOS has three sub-systems： （1） a 20W long pulsed sodium laser, （2） a 300-millimeter-diameter laser launch telescope, and （3） a 37-element com- pact adaptive optics system. On 2014 January 25, we obtained high resolution images of an my 8.18 star, HIP 43963, during the first light of the LGS-AOS. In this paper, the sodium laser, the laser launch telescope, the compact adaptive optics system and the first light results will be presented.

Distinguish Fritillaria cirrhosa and nonFritillaria cirrhosa using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

As traditional Chinese medicines,Fritillaria from different origins are very similar and it is difficult to distinguish them.In this study,the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy combined with learning vector quantization(LIBS-LVQ)was proposed to distinguish the powdered samples of Fritillaria cirrhosa and non-Fritillaria cirrhosa.We also studied the performance of linear discriminant analysis,and support vector machine on the same data set.Among these three classifiers,LVQ had the highest correct classification rate of 99.17%.The experimental results demonstrated that the LIBS-LVQ model could be used to differentiate the powdered samples of Fritillaria cirrhosa and non-Fritillaria cirrhosa.

Experimental Evaluation of the Mechanical Properties of Cement Sheath under High-Temperature Conditions

The sealing integrity of cement sheath in offshore wells is seriously threatened under high-temperature conditions,resulting in gas channeling and other problems.Given the lack of experimental results,in this study relevant samples of a cement slurry sealing section of a typical offshore high-temperature well have been prepared and analyzed.In particular,the mechanical properties have been assessed with a triaxial pressure servo instrument and a high-temperature curing kettle.The density and the Poisson’s ratio of the samples have also been tested.The stress-strain curve has been drawn to obtain the elastic modulus and the compressive strength.The rock brittleness index has been calculated according to the measured elastic modulus and the Poisson’s ratio,together with the brittleness and the compressibility of the cement samples.The test results show that the mechanical properties and bonding strength of the cement samples are optimal at 130°C,medium at 150°C,and poor at 180°C.

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for the classification of wood materials using machine learning methods combined with feature selection

In this paper,we explore whether a feature selection method can improve model performance by using some classical machine learning models,artificial neural network,k-nearest neighbor,partial least squares-discrimination analysis,random forest,and support vector machine(SVM),combined with the feature selection methods,distance correlation coefficient(DCC),important weight of linear discriminant analysis(IW-LDA),and Relief-F algorithms,to discriminate eight species of wood(African rosewood,Brazilian bubinga,elm,larch,Myanmar padauk,Pterocarpus erinaceus,poplar,and sycamore)based on the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)technique.The spectral data are normalized by the maximum of line intensity and principal component analysis is applied to the exploratory data analysis.The feature spectral lines are selected out based on the important weight assessed by DCC,IW-LDA,and Relief-F.All models are built by using the different number of feature lines(sorted by their important weight)as input.The relationship between the number of feature lines and the correct classification rate(CCR)of the model is analyzed.The CCRs of all models are improved by using a suitable feature selection.The highest CCR achieves(98.55...0.39)%when the SVM model is established from 86 feature lines selected by the IW-LDA method.The result demonstrates that a suitable feature selection method can improve model recognition ability and reduce modeling time in the application of wood materials classification using LIBS.

Synergistic photocatalytic effect of porous g-C_3N_4 in a Cr(Ⅵ)/4-chlorophenol composite pollution system

The photocatalytic reduction of aqueous Cr(VI)to Cr(III)was preliminarily studied using porousg‐C3N4as a photocatalyst under acidic conditions.The observed synergistic photocatalytic effect ofporous g‐C3N4on a Cr(VI)/4‐chlorophenol(4‐CP)composite pollution system was further studiedunder different pH conditions.Compared with single‐component photocatalytic systems for Cr(VI)reduction or4‐CP degradation,the Cr(VI)reduction efficiency and4‐CP degradation efficiency weresimultaneously improved in the Cr(VI)/4‐CP composite pollution system.The synergistic photocatalyticeffect in the Cr(VI)/4‐CP composite pollution system can be attributed to the acceleratedredox reaction between dichromate and4‐CP by electron transfer with porous g‐C3N4.

Posttraumatic stress disorder: From diagnosis to prevention

Posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) is a chronic impairment disorder that occurs after exposure to traumatic events.This disorder can result in a disturbance to individual and family functioning, causing significant medical, financial,and social problems. This study is a selective review of literature aiming to provide a general outlook of the current understanding of PTSD. There are several diagnostic guidelines for PTSD, with the most recent editions of the DSM-5 and ICD-11 being best accepted. Generally, PTSD is diagnosed according to several clusters of symptoms occurring after exposure to extreme stressors. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial, including the activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal(HPA) axis, immune response, or even genetic discrepancy. The morphological alternation of subcortical brain structures may also correlate with PTSD symptoms. Prevention and treatment methods for PTSD vary from psychological interventions to pharmacological medications. Overall, the findings of pertinent studies are difficult to generalize because of heterogeneous patient groups, different traumatic events, diagnostic criteria, and study designs. Future investigations are needed to determine which guideline or inspection method is the best for early diagnosis and which strategies might prevent the development of PTSD.

An improved time integration scheme based on uniform cubic B-splines and its application in structural dynamics

A time integration algorithm for structural dynamic analysis is proposed by uniform cubic B-spline functions. The proposed algorithm is successfully used to solve the dynamic response of a single degree of freedom （SDOF） system, and then is generalized for a multiple-degree of freedom （MDOF） system. Stability analysis shows that, with an adjustable algorithmic parameter, the proposed method can achieve both conditional and unconditional stabilities. Validity of the method is shown with four numerical simulations. Comparison between the proposed method and other methods shows that the proposed method possesses high computation accuracy and desirable computation efficiency.

A sodium laser guide star coupling efficiency measurement method

A large telescope＇s adaptive optics （AO） system requires one or more bright artificial laser guide stars to improve its sky coverage. The recent advent of a high power sodium laser is perfect for such application. However, besides the output power, other parameters of the laser also have a significant impact on the brightness of the generated sodium laser guide star, mostly in non-linear relationships. When tuning and optimizing these parameters it is necessary to tune based on a laser guide star generation performance metric. Although return photon fluxis widely used, variability of the atmosphere and sodium layer makes it difficult to compare results from different sites or even within a short time period for the same site. A new metric, coupling efficiency, is adopted in our field tests. In this paper, we will introduce our method for measuring the coupling efficiency of a 20W class pulse sodium laser for AO application during field tests that were conducted during 2013-2015.

The Coude Echelle Spectrograph for the Lijiang 1.8 m telescope

The Coude Echelle Spectrograph(CES)was originally mounted on Xinglong 2.16 m telescope in 1994.When the High Resolution Fiber-fed Spectrograph(HRS)was commissioned at Xinglong 2.16 m telescope,the red path of CES was moved to Lijiang 1.8 m telescope,following some redesign and reinstallation.The CES of Lijiang 1.8 m telescope has the spectral resolution(R=λ/?λ)ranging from 20000 to 50000 corresponding to different slit widths.With a 2 k×2 k PI CCD,CES has a wavelength coverage between 570 nm to 1030 nm.In particular,the resolution of 37000 at 0.5 mm slit corresponds to 1.3′′on the sky.The limiting magnitude is V=11.5 with the use of the tip-tilt feedback system,and the S/N is about 40 for 1 hour exposure at 600 nm(R=37000).During the installation of CES,the tip-tilt mirror technology had successfully fulfilled high precision guiding and tracking for high resolution spectral observation and significantly improved the observation efficiency.

Comparative Analysis of Nutritional Components in Muscles between Wild and Cultured Masu Salmon Oncorhynchus masou

In this paper,approximate nutritional components and amino acid content were determined in muscles of female wild population(WP)with body weight of 2500-3000 g and female cultured population(CP)with body weight of 750-1250 g masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou in the gonadal development stage IV by conventional method.The results showed that there were significantly higher crude protein and significantly lower crude fat in fresh muscle of WP than that in CP(P<0.05),but not significant differences in the contents of moisture and crude ash between WP and CP(P>0.05).Eighteen kinds of amino acids were detected in muscles of WP and CP,with higher total content of amino acids(TAA),essential amino acids(EAA)and four kinds of delicious amino acids(DAA)in WP than those in CP(P<0.05).The amino acid score(AAS)and chemical score(CS)revealed that the first limiting amino acid was tryptophan in two populations,with essential amino acid index(EAAI)of 75.59%in WP and 70.77%in CP.The findings indicated that the amino acid contents in muscles of CP are lower than that of WP,but the amino acid nutritional value evaluation indicators of both populations are very close,and both have high nutritional value.

An improved HSFR method for natural vibration analysis of an immersed cylinder pile with a tip mass

Immersed cylinder piles are usually modelled as immersed carrying a tip mass and rotary moment of inertia. In this paper, an immersed cylinder pile along transversal modes of vibration are of water and structural damping are included in the formulation. cantilever cylinder columns the equations of motion of developed. Compressibility Natural frequencies of the immersed pile are obtained from the developed equations using harmonic sweep frequency response analyses. The proposed method is applied to numerical examples, and the results obtained are shown satisfactory when compared to other numerical solutions in the literature, or to finite element solutions and experimental data.

Integrating multi-omics data of childhood asthma using a deep association model

Childhood asthma is one of the most common respiratory diseases with rising mortality and morbidity.The multi-omics data is providing a new chance to explore collaborative biomarkers and corresponding diagnostic models of childhood asthma.To capture the nonlinear association of multi-omics data and improve interpretability of diagnostic model,we proposed a novel deep association model(DAM)and corresponding efficient analysis framework.First,the Deep Subspace Reconstruction was used to fuse the omics data and diagnostic information,thereby correcting the distribution of the original omics data and reducing the influence of unnecessary data noises.Second,the Joint Deep Semi-Negative Matrix Factorization was applied to identify different latent sample patterns and extract biomarkers from different omics data levels.Third,our newly proposed Deep Orthogonal Canonical Correlation Analysis can rank features in the collaborative module,which are able to construct the diagnostic model considering nonlinear correlation between different omics data levels.Using DAM,we deeply analyzed the transcriptome and methylation data of childhood asthma.The effectiveness of DAM is verified from the perspectives of algorithm performance and biological significance on the independent test dataset,by ablation experiment and comparison with many baseline methods from clinical and biological studies.The DAM-induced diagnostic model can achieve a prediction AUC of o.912,which is higher than that of many other alternative methods.Meanwhile,relevant pathways and biomarkers of childhood asthma are also recognized to be collectively altered on the gene expression and methylation levels.As an interpretable machine learning approach,DAM simultaneously considers the non-linear associations among samples and those among biological features,which should help explore interpretative biomarker candidates and efficient diagnostic models from multi-omics data analysis for human complexdiseases.