Study on the interannual variability of the Kerama Gap transport and its relation to the Kuroshio/Ryukyu Current system

An analysis of a 68-year monthly hindcast output from an eddy-resolving ocean general circulation model reveals the relationship between the interannual variability of the Kerama Gap transport(KGT)and the Kuroshio/Ryukyu Current system.The study found a significant difference in the interannual variability of the upstream and downstream transports of the East China Sea-(ECS-)Kuroshio and the Ryukyu Current.The interannual variability of the KGT was found to be of paramount importance in causing the differences between the upstream and downstream ECS-Kuroshio.Additionally,it contributed approximately 37%to the variability of the Ryukyu Current.The interannual variability of the KGT was well described by a two-layer rotating hydraulic theory.It was dominated by its subsurface-intensified flow core,and the upper layer transport made a weaker negative contribution to the total KGT.The subsurface flow core was found to be mainly driven by the subsurface pressure head across the Kerama Gap,and the pressure head was further dominated by the subsurface density anomalies on the Pacific side.These density anomalies could be traced back to the eastern open ocean,and their propagation speed was estimated to be about 7.4 km/d,which is consistent with the speed of the local first-order baroclinic Rossby wave.When the negative(positive)density anomaly signal reached the southern region of the Kerama Gap,it triggered the increase(decrease)of the KGT towards the Pacific side and the formation of an anticyclonic(cyclonic)vortex by baroclinic adjustment.Meanwhile,there is an increase(decrease)in the upstream transport of the entire Kuroshio/Ryukyu Current system and an offshore flow that decreases(increases)the downstream Ryukyu Current.

Left atrial appendage occluder detachment treated with transthoracic ultrasound combined with digital subtraction angiography guided catcher:A case report

BACKGROUND There are very few cases of cardiac occluder detachment,and it is rare to completely remove the occluder using interventional methods without undergoing thoracotomy surgery after detachment.This case innovatively used ultrasound guidance combined with digital subtraction angiography(DSA)to completely remove the occluder,accumulating some experience.CASE SUMMARY The patient underwent left atrial appendage occlusion surgery in our hospital due to atrial fibrillation.After the surgery,the occluder fell off and became free in the left ventricle,which is very dangerous.We innovatively used ultrasound guidance,combined with DSA,and interventional surgery to successfully capture the free occluder using a catcher,completely remove it,and then re implant a new left atrial appendage occluder.After the surgery,the patient recovered very well.CONCLUSION The size selection of the occluder is slightly conservative,and the shape of the left atrial appendage opening is irregular.

Immobilization of Oxyanions on the Reconstructed Heterostructure Evolved from a Bimetallic Oxysulfide for the Promotion of Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Efficient and durable oxygen evolution reaction(OER)requires the electrocatalyst to bear abundant active sites,optimized electronic structure as well as robust component and mechanical stability.Herein,a bimetallic lanthanum-nickel oxysulfide with rich oxygen vacancies based on the La_(2)O_(2)S prototype is fabricated as a binder-free precatalyst for alkaline OER.The combination of advanced in situ and ex situ characterizations with theoretical calculation uncovers the synergistic effect among La,Ni,O,and S species during OER,which assures the adsorption and stabilization of the oxyanion SO_(4)^(2-)onto the surface of the deeply reconstructed porous heterostructure composed of confining Ni OOH nanodomains by La(OH)_3 barrier.Such coupling,confinement,porosity and immobilization enable notable improvement in active site accessibility,phase stability,mass diffusion capability and the intrinsic Gibbs free energy of oxygen-containing intermediates.The optimized electrocatalyst delivers exceptional alkaline OER activity and durability,outperforming most of the Ni-based benchmark OER electrocatalysts.

Acute flare of systemic lupus erythematosus with extensive gastrointestinal involvement: A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Lupus mesenteric vasculitis(LMV)is a serious condition that may occur as an acute manifestation of gastrointestinal(GI)involvement and is not easily diagnosed by physicians.Delayed diagnosis and treatment of LMV may lead to rapid disease progression and can be life threatening.CASE SUMMARY A previously healthy 27-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain following a history of fatigue and consumption of cold water.Laboratory invest-igations,physical examinations,and enhanced abdominal computed tomography(CT)suggested systemic lupus erythematosus complicated by LMV.She received treatments,such as GI decompression,somatostatin,glucocorticoids,and immu-nosuppressants,and was evaluated using color ultrasonography.Twenty days later,the patient reported no stomach discomfort and was able to consume semi-liquid food.Laboratory investigations showed that inflammatory factors decreased to normal levels and complement levels increased slightly.One year after discharged,she recovered with methylprednisolone being tapered to 4 mg per day,mycophenolate mofetil to 0.75 g bid,and hydroxychloroquine to 0.2 g bid;however,only C3 complement level was slightly below the normal level.CONCLUSION Early diagnosis of LMV is essential for successful treatment;this depends on a combination of clinical manifestations,laboratory investigations,and imaging findings.Enhanced CT is preferred,but ultrasonography can be used for prompt screening and follow-up.

支气管镜在儿童反复咳喘性疾病中的诊断价值

目的探讨电子支气管镜检查术在儿童反复咳喘性疾病中的应用价值。方法对该院2015年3月-2017年11月收治的297例反复咳嗽、喘息的患儿行支气管镜检查及治疗的临床资料进行综合分析。结果 297例反复咳喘的患儿支气管镜检查镜下表现最常见的是支气管内膜炎,共193例,占65.0%,是反复咳喘患儿最常见的表现;气管、支气管软化的患儿23例,占7.7%;喉软化者18例,占6.1%;气管、支气管狭窄者13例,占4.4%;异物者7例,占2.4%;结构异常者17例,占5.8%;肺含铁血黄素沉着症2例,占0.7%;肿瘤2例,占0.7%;左主支气管未发育1例,占0.3%;支气管憩室1例,占0.3%;支气管镜下未见明显异常者20例,占6.7%。结论对于儿童反复咳喘性疾病,支气管镜检查能够明确病因并且指导治疗,在临床上应用价值较高。

Characteristics of Caragana korshinskii and Hippophae rhamnoides stemflow and their significance in soil moisture enhancement in Loess Plateau, China

Stemflow of xerophytic shrubs represents a significant component of water replenishment to the soil-root system and influences water utilization of plant roots at the stand scale,especially in water-scarce semi-arid ecosystems.The stemflow of two semi-arid shrubs(Caragana korshinskii and Hippophae rhamnoides)and its effect on soil moisture enhancement were evaluated during the growing season of 2011 in the semi-arid loess region of China.The results indicated that stemflow averaged 12.3%and 8.4%of the bulk precipitation for C.korshinskii and H.rhamnoides,respectively.Individual stemflow increased in a linear function with increasing rainfall depth.The relationship between funneling ratios and rainfall suggested that there existed a rainfall depth threshold of 11 mm for both C.korshinskii and H.rhamnoides.Averaged funneling ratios were 156.6±57.1 and49.5±30.8 for C.korshinskii and H.rhamnoides,respectively,indicating that the canopy architecture of the two shrubs was an effective funnel to channel stemflow to the root area,and C.korshinskii showed a greater potential to use stemflow water in the semi-arid conditions.For individual rainfall events,the wetting front depths were approximately 2 times deeper in the rooting zone around the stems than in the bare area outside canopy for both C.korshinskii and H.rhamnoides.Correspondingly,soil water content was also significantly higher in the root area around the shrub stem than in the area outside the shrub canopy.This confirms that shrub stemflow conserved in the deep soil layers may be an available moisture source for plant growth under semi-arid conditions.

High performance silicon-based GeSn p–i–n photodetectors for short-wave infrared application

An investigation of germanium-tin(GeSn) on silicon p–i–n photodetectors with a high-quality Ge0.94 Sn0.06 absorbing layer is reported. The Ge Sn photodetector reached a responsivity as high as 0.45 A/W at the wavelength of 1550 nm and 0.12 A/W at the wavelength of 2 μm. A cycle annealing technology was applied to improve the quality of the epitaxial layer during the growth process by molecular beam epitaxy. A low dark-current density under 1 V reverse bias about 0.078 A/cm2 was achieved at room temperature. Furthermore, the Ge Sn photodetector could detect a wide spectrum region and the cutoff wavelength reached to about 2.3 μm. This work has great importance in silicon-based short-wave infrared detection.

New strategy during complicated open appendectomy: Convert open operation to laparoscopy

AIM: To introduce a new strategy during complicated open appendectomy- converting open operation to laparoscopy.METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed databases at two institutions between October 2010 and January 2013, identifying 826 patients who had undergone complicated appendectomy for histologically confirmed acute or chronic appendicitis. They included 214 complicated appendectomies: 155 lengthened-incision open appendectomies(LIA group) and 59 open appendectomies with conversion to laparoscopy(OACL group).RESULTS: A total of 214 patients with complicated appendectomies were included in the study, including 155 cases of LIA and 59 cases of OACL. No major complication leading to death occurred in the study. Patient characteristics of the two groups were similar. Several parameters showed a significant difference betweenthe two groups. For the OACL vs LIA groups they were, respectively: incision length(3.8 ± 1.4 cm vs 6.2 ± 3.5 cm, P < 0.05); time to flatus recovery(2.3 ± 0.6 d vs 4.2 ± 0.8 d, P < 0.05), drainage rate(61.0% vs 80.0%, P < 0.05); pain level(3.6 ± 1.8 vs 7.2 ± 2.4, P < 0.05); hospital stay(5.1 ± 2.7 d vs 8.7 ± 3.2 d, P < 0.05); complication rate(8.5% vs 14.7%, P < 0.05). Other factors showed no significant differences.CONCLUSION: Lengthened-incision open appendectomy increases the incidence of complications and prolongs the hospital stay. Conversion of open to laparoscopic appendectomy is feasible and efficient in complicated cases. It decreases the rate of incisional and abdominal infections, allows faster return of bowel movements, and shortens the hospital stay.

船用螺旋桨叶片应力的数值分析

In this study,a series of numerical calculations are carried out in ANSYS Workbench based on the unidirectional fluid–solid coupling theory.Using the DTMB 4119 propeller as the research object,a numerical simulation is set up to analyze the open water performance of the propeller,and the equivalent stress distribution of the propeller acting in the flow field and the axial strain of the blade are analyzed.The results show that FLUENT calculations can provide accurate and reliable calculations of the hydrodynamic load for the propeller structure.The maximum equivalent stress was observed in the blade near the hub,and the tip position of the blade had the largest stress.With the increase in speed,the stress and deformation showed a decreasing trend.

variation in expression of small ubiquitin-like modifiers in injured sciatic nerve of mice

Small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMOs) have been shown to regulate axonal regeneration, signal transduction, neuronal migration, and myelination, by covalently and reversibly attaching to the protein substrates during neuronal cell growth, development, and differentiation. It has not been reported whether SUMOs play a role in peripheral nerve injury and regeneration. To investigate any association between SUMOylation and potential neuroprotective effects during peripheral nerve injury and regeneration, C57/BL mice were randomly divided into sham and experimental groups. The sciatic nerve was exposed only in the sham group. The experimental group underwent neurotomy and epineurial neurorrhaphy. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot assay results revealed different mRNA and protein expression levels of SUMO1, SUMO2, SUM03 and UBC9 in sciatic nerve tissue (containing both 5 mm of proximal and distal stumps at the injury site) at various time points after injury. Compared with the sham group, protein levels of SUM01 and SUMO2/3 increased in both their covalent and free states after sciatic nerve injury in the experimental group, especially in the covalent state. UBC9 protein levels showed similar changes to those of SUMO1 and SUMO2/3 in the covalent states. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that SUMO1 and SUMO2/3 immunopositivities were higher in the experimental group than in the sham group. Our results verified that during the repair of sciatic nerve injury, the mRNA and protein expression of SUMO1, SUMO2, SUMO3 and UBC9 in injured nerve tissues changed in varying patterns and there were clear changes in the expression of SUMO-related proteins. These findings reveal that SUMOs possibly play an important role in the repair of peripheral nerve injury. All animal protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, China (approval No. TJWZXLL2018041) on November & 2018.

High-performance waveguide-integrated Ge/Si avalanche photodetector with small contact angle between selectively epitaxial growth Ge and Si layers

Step-coupler waveguide-integrated Ge/Si avalanche photodetector(APD) is based on the vertical multimode interference(MMI), enhancing light scattering towards the Ge active region and creating mirror images of optical modes close to the Ge layer. However, there are two ineluctable contact angels between selectively epitaxial growth Ge and Si layers and selectively epitaxial growth Si and Si substrate, which has an effect on the coupling efficiency and the absorption of the photodetector. Therefore, step-coupled Ge/Si avalanche photodetectors with different step lengths are designed and fabricated. It is found that responsivity of APDs with step-coupler-length of 3.0 μm is 0.51 A/W at-6 V, 21% higher than that of 1.5 μm, which matches well with simulation absorption. The multiplication gain factor is as high as 50, and the maximum gain-bandwidth product reaches up to 376 GHz.

Reshapeable,rehealable and recyclable sensor fabricated by direct ink writing of conductive composites based on covalent adaptable network polymers

Covalent adaptable network(CAN)polymers doped with conductive nanoparticles are an ideal candidate to create reshapeable,rehealable,and fully recyclable electronics.On the other hand,3D printing as a deterministic manufacturing method has a significant potential to fabricate electronics with low cost and high design freedom.In this paper,we incorporate a conductive composite consisting of polyimine CAN and multi-wall carbon nanotubes into direct-ink-writing 3D printing to create polymeric sensors with outstanding reshaping,repairing,and recycling capabilities.The developed printable ink exhibits good printability,conductivity,and recyclability.The conductivity of printed polyimine composites is investigated at different temperatures and deformation strain levels.Their shape-reforming and Joule heating-induced interfacial welding effects are demonstrated and characterized.Finally,a temperature sensor is 3D printed with defined patterns of conductive pathways,which can be easily mounted onto 3D surfaces,repaired after damage,and recycled using solvents.The sensing capability of printed sensors is maintained after the repairing and recycling.Overall,the 3D printed reshapeable,rehealable,and recyclable sensors possess complex geometry and extend service life,which assist in the development of polymer-based electronics toward broad and sustainable applications.

A HYBRID ELECTRONIC NOSES’SYSTEM BASED ON MOS-SAW DETECTION UNITS INTENDED FOR LUNG CANCER DIAGNOSIS

In this paper,a hybrid electronic noses’system(HENS)based on MOS-SAW detection units intended for lung cancer diagnosis is proposed.The MOS gas sensors are used to detect the VOC molecules with low molecular weight(LMW),and the SAW sensors are adopted for the detection of VOC with high molecular weight(HMW).Thus,the novel combination of these two kinds of gas sensors provides higher sensitivities to more of VOC species in breath than that of using only a single kind of sensor.The signals from MOS-SAW detection units are then recognized by a multi-model diagnosis method.Applying four algorithms,six models were established for diagnosis and tested by leave-one-out cross-validation method.The model by artificial neural network(ANN)was selected as the best model to analyze breath samples.89 clinical samples were tested with MOS-SAW ANN diagnostic model,which takes the features derived from both the MOS and SAW sensors.It shows the highest sensitivity of 93.62%,and the highest selectivity of 83.37%.The study shows that,promisingly,our HENS is effective during screening of lung cancer patients,especially among the people of high risk.

Quantum Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering Based on One Dimension Discrete Quantum Walk with Single-Point Phase Defects

As an important branch of machine learning,clustering analysis is widely used in some fields,e.g.,image pattern recognition,social network analysis,information security,and so on.In this paper,we consider the designing of clustering algorithm in quantum scenario,and propose a quantum hierarchical agglomerative clustering algorithm,which is based on one dimension discrete quantum walk with single-point phase defects.In the proposed algorithm,two nonclassical characters of this kind of quantum walk,localization and ballistic effects,are exploited.At first,each data point is viewed as a particle and performed this kind of quantum walk with a parameter,which is determined by its neighbors.After that,the particles are measured in a calculation basis.In terms of the measurement result,every attribute value of the corresponding data point is modified appropriately.In this way,each data point interacts with its neighbors and moves toward a certain center point.At last,this process is repeated several times until similar data points cluster together and form distinct classes.Simulation experiments on the synthetic and real world data demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented algorithm.Compared with some classical algorithms,the proposed algorithm achieves better clustering results.Moreover,combining quantum cluster assignment method,the presented algorithm can speed up the calculating velocity.

染色体外癌基因扩增特点与肿瘤发生发展

染色体外DNA(extrachromosomal DNA,ecDNA)是位于染色体外的小片段环状DNA,具有自我复制功能。已有研究证明癌基因在ecDNA上被扩增是肿瘤细胞中的常见现象,并且具有一些值得研究的特征,如与患者的不良预后相关。多种染色体事件参与ecDNA形成,且它的扩增能直接使染色体外癌基因DNA拷贝数增加,加速肿瘤产生和发展。并且,亲代ecDNA细胞不均等传递到子代的分离方式,不仅增加肿瘤异质性,同时增强肿瘤对环境的适应和对治疗的反应能力。本文对ecDNA在肿瘤细胞中的研究现状及其潜在意义作一综述。

Effective enhancement of the electrochemical properties for Na_(2)FeP_(2)O_(7)/C cathode materials by boron doping

In recent years,the composite materials based on polyanionic frameworks as secondary sodium ion battery electrode material have been developed in large-scale energy storage applications due to its safety and stability.The Na_(2)FeP_(2)O_(7)/C(theoretical capacity 97 mA·h·g^(-1))is recognized as optimum Na-storage cathode materials with a trade-off between electrode performance and cost.In the present work,The Na_(2)FeP_(2)O_(7)/C and boron-doped Na_(2)FeP_(2-x)BxO_(7)/C composites were synthesized via a novel method of liquid phase combined with high temperature solid phase.The non-metallic element B doping not only had positive influence on the crystal structure stability,Na+diffusion and electrical conductivity of Na_(2)FeP_(2)O_(7)/C,but also contributed to the high-value recycling of B element in waste borax.The structure and electrochemical properties of the cathode material were investigated via X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS),cyclic voltammetry(CV),and charge/discharge cycling.The results showed that different amounts of boron doping had positive effects on the structure and electrochemical properties of the material.The initial charge/discharge performances of born doped materials were improved in comparison to the bare Na_(2)FeP_(2)O_(7)/C.The cycle performance of the Na_(2)FeP_(1.95)B_(0.05)O_(7)/C showed an initial reversible capacity of 74.8 mA·h·g^(-1) and the high capacity retention of 91.8%after 100 cycles at 1.0 C,while the initial reversible capacity of the bare Na_(2)FeP_(2)O_(7)/C was only 66.2 mA·h·g^(-1).The improvement of apparent Na+diffusion and electrical conductivity due to B doping were verified by the EIS test and CVs at various scan rate.The experimental results from present work is useful for opening new insight into the contrivance and creation of applicable sodium polyanionic cathode materials for high-performance.

Synthesis of 5-methyl-2-(2,4,4,7-tetramethylchroman-2-yl) Phenol as an Impurity in Thymol

[Objectives] To optimize the preparation process of 5-methyl-2-(2,4,4,7-tetramethylchromanyl) phenol(impurity C) and the liquid phase determination method of the impurity, and to provide an important basis for the establishment of material methods and quality control of thymol. [Methods] The 4,7-dimethylcoumarin as the starting material was hydrolyzed by potassium hydroxide to obtain the substance II 5-methyl-2-(1-propylene-2-yl) phenol, and then purified and treated with hydrochloric acid to obtain a pale yellow solid. High-purity main peak was obtained by high-performance liquid phase method, and it was identified as impurity C by ~1H-NMR measurement and spectrum analysis. [Results] After the method was optimized, the synthesis route to the impurity C was simple, and the purity of impurity C was high. The obtained impurity C was confirmed by ~1H-NMR to be a compound 5-methyl-2-(2,4,4,7-tetramethylchromanyl) phenol. The liquid phase detection method was successfully established to identify the compound. [Conclusions] The optimized method is easy to control and the impurity C has high purity and it is expected to provide quality assurance for the study of related substances in the quality control of thymol.

The Implementation of Electronic Intelligent Tag System Based on Wireless Sensor Network

Recently, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has been widely applied in many fields. In this paper, we design and implement a WSN-based Electronic Intelligent Tag System (EITS) to provide intelligent management of the modern supermarkets. As a main transceiver, nRF24L01+ wireless module is used in this system, which will make it possible to achieve low-power and low-cost for EITS. This system fully embodies the advantages and characteristics of WSN. This paper will introduce the system architecture, hardware structure and software design in details;and put forward a specific solution. Finally, we achieve the intelligent management of the mall based on wireless sensor network technology.

Experimental study on the effect of Huangqi and Danshen ultramicro gel on vascular healing of wound in rats based on network pharmacology

Objective:To explore the effective components of Huangqi(Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.)and Danshen(Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.)and predict their potential functional targets,to explore the effect and mechanism of Huangqi and Danshen ultrafine granule gel on wound vascular healing in rats by network pharmacology and experimental verification.Methods:Using the TCMSP database to screen the active components of two herbs and their potential targets,to search the target related to vascular injury through the Gene Card database,and to select the gene target with correlation coefficient greater than 10%.Then map the disease related target to the potential target of the compound,to obtain the common target,and to import the information to the String online analysis platform and Cytoscape to make the PPI map,and to carry on the topological analysis,KEGG and GO enrichment analysis through Metascape platform.The expression analysis of the main target genes of network pharmacology was verified by pathological section staining and optical density method to determine the content of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in tissues,the number of tissue new capillaries,and the wound healing rate.Results:A total of 115 active components and 297 target genes were selected from Huangqi and Danshen,and 123 target genes were intersected with vascular injury,among which IL6,AKT1,INS,VEGFA,TNF,EGF,CASP3,MAPK1,TP53 were the active genes with the highest intersection value.The pathways involved are mainly related to AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications,MAPK signaling pathway,Pathways in cancer,human cytomegalovirus infection,Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis,Endocrine resistance,foxo signaling pathway etc.We experimentally validated VEGFA based on the primary target of vascular regeneration,the experimental results showed that there was different expression of VEGFA proteins in wound vascular healing process,and the quercetin,daidzein,luteolin,apigenin,tanshinone i of 115 active components were selected as the main compounds acting on the VEGFA.Conclusion:This study systematically reveals the material basis and mechanism of Huangqi and Danshen regulating wound vascular healing through multi-component,multi-target and multi-pathway and provides theoretical and scientific basis for the clinical application of Huangqi and Danshen.

Equivalence between the Dependent Right Censorship Model and the Independent Right Censorship Model

Yu et al. (2012) considered a certain dependent right censorship model. We show that this model is equivalent to the independent right censorship model, extending a result with continuity restriction in Williams and Lagakos (1977). Then the asymptotic normality of the product limit estimator under the dependent right censorship model follows from the existing results in the literature under the independent right censorship model, and thus partially solves an open problem in the literature.