盐胁迫是影响植物生长发育的主要非生物胁迫之一。金属蛋白酶FtsH(Filamentation Temperature-Sensitive H)是一种ATP和Zn2+依赖型蛋白酶,广泛存在于真核生物和原核生物中,属于AAA蛋白酶家族(ATPase associated with various cellular a...盐胁迫是影响植物生长发育的主要非生物胁迫之一。金属蛋白酶FtsH(Filamentation Temperature-Sensitive H)是一种ATP和Zn2+依赖型蛋白酶,广泛存在于真核生物和原核生物中,属于AAA蛋白酶家族(ATPase associated with various cellular activities),在植物叶绿体发育、光合系统蛋白合成和修复、非生物胁迫的应答和抵抗、植物叶片杂色的调控等重要植物生长发育过程中起到了重要的作用。FtsH在拟南芥、油菜、大豆等植物中多有研究,但在紫花苜蓿中的功能还尚未有详细报导。本研究克隆且分析了紫花苜蓿MsFtsH8基因的表达模式,并对该基因进行生物信息学分析,通过在拟南芥中过表达发现,过表达的拟南芥植株在盐胁迫条件下,种子发芽率、根长和鲜重显著提高。研究结果表明,MsFtsH8具有调控耐盐的功能。本研究为苜蓿耐盐分子育种提供了重要候选基因和理论参考。展开更多
Alfalfa is widely grown and is one of the most important forage crops in the world, but its growth and biomass production are markedly reduced under salt and drought stress, particularly during the early seedling stag...Alfalfa is widely grown and is one of the most important forage crops in the world, but its growth and biomass production are markedly reduced under salt and drought stress, particularly during the early seedling stage. To identify the mechanisms behind salt and drought responsiveness at the alfalfa seedling stage, the proteins expressed were analyzed under no-treatment, 200 mol L–1 Na Cl and 180 g L–1 PEG treatment conditions during the seedling stage. Out of more than 800 protein spots detected on two-dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE) g els, 35 proteins showed statistically significant responses(P<0.05) to Na Cl and PEG stress, which were selected for tandem mass spectrometric identification, owing to their good resolution and abundance levels, and 32 proteins were positively identified. The identified proteins were divided into seven functional categories: photosynthetic metabolism, protein biosynthesis, folding and assembly, carbohydrate metabolism-associated proteins, stress defense related protein, metabolism of nucleic acid, other function categories and unknown proteins. Our results suggested that these proteins may play roles in alfalfa adaptation to salt and drought stress. Further study of these proteins will provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of abiotic stress and the discovery of new candidate markers in alfalfa.展开更多
Carex rigescens(Franch.) V.Krecz is a wild turfgrass perennial species in the Carex genus that is widely distributed in salinised areas of northern China.To investigate genome-wide salt-response gene networks in C.rig...Carex rigescens(Franch.) V.Krecz is a wild turfgrass perennial species in the Carex genus that is widely distributed in salinised areas of northern China.To investigate genome-wide salt-response gene networks in C.rigescens,transcriptome analysis using high-throughput RNA sequencing on C.rigescens exposed to a 0.4% salt treatment(Cr_Salt) was compared to a non-salt control(Cr_Ctrl).In total,57 742 546 and 47 063 488 clean reads were obtained from the Cr_Ctrl and Cr_Salt treatments,respectively.Additionally,21 954 unigenes were found and annotated using multiple databases.Among these unigenes,34 were found to respond to salt stress at a statistically significant level with 6 genes up-regulated and 28 downregulated.Specifically,genes encoding an EF-hand domain,ZFP and AP2 were responsive to salt stress,highlighting their roles in future research regarding salt tolerance in C.rigescens and other plants.According to our quantitative RT-PCR results,the expression pattern of all detected differentially expressed genes were consistent with the RNA-seq results.Furthermore,we identified 11 643 simple sequence repeats(SSRs) from the unigenes.A total of 144 amplified successfully in the C.rigescens cultivar Lüping 1,and 69 of them reflected polymorphisms between the two genotypes tested.This is the first genome-wide transcriptome study of C.rigescens in both salt-responsive gene investigation and SSR marker exploration.Our results provide further insights into genome annotation,novel gene discovery,molecular breeding and comparative genomics in C.rigescens and related grass species.展开更多
Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) is an important forage crop and is also a target of many fungal diseases including Fusarium spp.As of today,very little information is available about molecular mechanisms that contribute t...Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) is an important forage crop and is also a target of many fungal diseases including Fusarium spp.As of today,very little information is available about molecular mechanisms that contribute to pathogenesis and defense responses in alfalfa against Fusarium spp.and specifically against Fusarium proliferatum,the causal agent of alfalfa root rot.In this study,we used a proteomic approach to identify inducible proteins in alfalfa during a compatible interaction with F.proliferatum strain YQC-L1.Samples used for the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DE) and MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry were from roots and leaves of alfalfa cultivar Ameri Graze 401+Z and WL656 HQ.Plants were grown in hydroponic conditions and at 4 days post inoculation with YQC-L1.Our disease symptom assays indicated that AmeriG raze401+Z was tolerant to YQC-L1 infection while WL656 HQ was highly susceptible.Analysis of differentially expressed proteins found in the 2-DE was further characterized using the MASCOT MS/MS ion search software and associated databases to identify multiple proteins that might be involved in F.proliferatum resistance.A total of 66 and 27 differentially expressed proteins were found in the roots and leaves of the plants inoculated with YQC-L1,respectively.These identified proteins were placed in various categories including defense and stress response related metabolism,photosynthesis and protein synthesis.Thirteen identified proteins were validated for their expressions by quantitative reverse transcription(q RT)-PCR.Our results suggested that some of the identified proteins might play important roles in alfalfa resistance against Fusarium spp.These finding could facilitate further dissections of molecular mechanisms controlling root rot disease in alfalfa and potentially other legume crops.展开更多
Cultivar selection is important for alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) hay production. From 2009 to 2012, a field study was conducted to evaluate the dry matter yield(DMY) of 28 cultivars in Cangzhou District of Hebei Provin...Cultivar selection is important for alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) hay production. From 2009 to 2012, a field study was conducted to evaluate the dry matter yield(DMY) of 28 cultivars in Cangzhou District of Hebei Province, China, and to determine the most suitable cultivars for this province and other zones with similar climate conditions. 28 alfalfa cultivars were sown in late March of 2009 and were harvested for hay four times in each subsequent year. The results showed that the climatic conditions resulted in significant differences in annual DMY among years, with the second year being the highest and the first year the lowest. The top five cultivars with the highest total DMY were L2750(62.75 t ha-1), Horn(62.72 t ha-1), 86-266(61.55 t ha-1), German(61.44 t ha-1) and Zhongmu 1(61.18 t ha-1), respectively. Across all four years, first harvest had the highest ratios to annual DMY except the cultivar of Rambler, while the fourth harvest had the lowest ratio. There were positive correlation relationships between DMY of each harvest and annual DMY, and the correlation coefficients were all significant in four years. And the path coefficients of first harvest were always the highest in four years. The qualities showed small variations among these cultivars and the cultivar L3750 presented the highest crude protein in both years. Crude protein had significant positive correlation with relative feed value(RFV) in both years while crude fiber had significant negative correlation with RFV and crude fiber.展开更多
Spring regrowth is an important trait for perennial plants including alfalfa,the most cultivated forage legume worldwide.However,the genetic and genomic basis of the trait is largely unknown in alfalfa due to its comp...Spring regrowth is an important trait for perennial plants including alfalfa,the most cultivated forage legume worldwide.However,the genetic and genomic basis of the trait is largely unknown in alfalfa due to its complex genetic background of the tetroploid genome.The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci(QTLs)associated with spring regrowth using high-resolution genetic linkage maps we constructed previously.In total,36 significant additive effect QTLs for the trait were detected.Among them,10 QTLs individually explained more than 10%of the phenotypic variation(PVE)with four in P1 and six in P2.Six overlapped QTLs intervals were detected with two and four intervals distributed in P1 and P2,respectively.In P1,both overlapped genomic regions were located on homolog 7 D.In P2,the four QTLs with PVE>10%were co-localized on homolog 6 D.Meanwhile,six pairs of significant epistatic QTLs were identified in P2.Screening of potential candidate genes associated with four overlapped QTLs(q CP2019-8,q LF2019-5,q LF2020-4,and q BLUP-3)narrowed down one candidate annotated as MAIL1.The Arabidopsis homolog gene has been reported to play an important role in plant growth.Therefore,the detected QTLs are valuable resources for genetic improvement of alfalfa spring vigor using marker-assisted selection(MAS),and further identification of the associated genes would provide insights into genetic control of spring regrowth in alfalfa.展开更多
文摘盐胁迫是影响植物生长发育的主要非生物胁迫之一。金属蛋白酶FtsH(Filamentation Temperature-Sensitive H)是一种ATP和Zn2+依赖型蛋白酶,广泛存在于真核生物和原核生物中,属于AAA蛋白酶家族(ATPase associated with various cellular activities),在植物叶绿体发育、光合系统蛋白合成和修复、非生物胁迫的应答和抵抗、植物叶片杂色的调控等重要植物生长发育过程中起到了重要的作用。FtsH在拟南芥、油菜、大豆等植物中多有研究,但在紫花苜蓿中的功能还尚未有详细报导。本研究克隆且分析了紫花苜蓿MsFtsH8基因的表达模式,并对该基因进行生物信息学分析,通过在拟南芥中过表达发现,过表达的拟南芥植株在盐胁迫条件下,种子发芽率、根长和鲜重显著提高。研究结果表明,MsFtsH8具有调控耐盐的功能。本研究为苜蓿耐盐分子育种提供了重要候选基因和理论参考。
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (2014CB138703-2)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31472139)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ASTIPIAS14)
文摘Alfalfa is widely grown and is one of the most important forage crops in the world, but its growth and biomass production are markedly reduced under salt and drought stress, particularly during the early seedling stage. To identify the mechanisms behind salt and drought responsiveness at the alfalfa seedling stage, the proteins expressed were analyzed under no-treatment, 200 mol L–1 Na Cl and 180 g L–1 PEG treatment conditions during the seedling stage. Out of more than 800 protein spots detected on two-dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE) g els, 35 proteins showed statistically significant responses(P<0.05) to Na Cl and PEG stress, which were selected for tandem mass spectrometric identification, owing to their good resolution and abundance levels, and 32 proteins were positively identified. The identified proteins were divided into seven functional categories: photosynthetic metabolism, protein biosynthesis, folding and assembly, carbohydrate metabolism-associated proteins, stress defense related protein, metabolism of nucleic acid, other function categories and unknown proteins. Our results suggested that these proteins may play roles in alfalfa adaptation to salt and drought stress. Further study of these proteins will provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of abiotic stress and the discovery of new candidate markers in alfalfa.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31472139)
文摘Carex rigescens(Franch.) V.Krecz is a wild turfgrass perennial species in the Carex genus that is widely distributed in salinised areas of northern China.To investigate genome-wide salt-response gene networks in C.rigescens,transcriptome analysis using high-throughput RNA sequencing on C.rigescens exposed to a 0.4% salt treatment(Cr_Salt) was compared to a non-salt control(Cr_Ctrl).In total,57 742 546 and 47 063 488 clean reads were obtained from the Cr_Ctrl and Cr_Salt treatments,respectively.Additionally,21 954 unigenes were found and annotated using multiple databases.Among these unigenes,34 were found to respond to salt stress at a statistically significant level with 6 genes up-regulated and 28 downregulated.Specifically,genes encoding an EF-hand domain,ZFP and AP2 were responsive to salt stress,highlighting their roles in future research regarding salt tolerance in C.rigescens and other plants.According to our quantitative RT-PCR results,the expression pattern of all detected differentially expressed genes were consistent with the RNA-seq results.Furthermore,we identified 11 643 simple sequence repeats(SSRs) from the unigenes.A total of 144 amplified successfully in the C.rigescens cultivar Lüping 1,and 69 of them reflected polymorphisms between the two genotypes tested.This is the first genome-wide transcriptome study of C.rigescens in both salt-responsive gene investigation and SSR marker exploration.Our results provide further insights into genome annotation,novel gene discovery,molecular breeding and comparative genomics in C.rigescens and related grass species.
基金supported by the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-35-04)the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project(ASTIP-IAS14)
文摘Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) is an important forage crop and is also a target of many fungal diseases including Fusarium spp.As of today,very little information is available about molecular mechanisms that contribute to pathogenesis and defense responses in alfalfa against Fusarium spp.and specifically against Fusarium proliferatum,the causal agent of alfalfa root rot.In this study,we used a proteomic approach to identify inducible proteins in alfalfa during a compatible interaction with F.proliferatum strain YQC-L1.Samples used for the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DE) and MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry were from roots and leaves of alfalfa cultivar Ameri Graze 401+Z and WL656 HQ.Plants were grown in hydroponic conditions and at 4 days post inoculation with YQC-L1.Our disease symptom assays indicated that AmeriG raze401+Z was tolerant to YQC-L1 infection while WL656 HQ was highly susceptible.Analysis of differentially expressed proteins found in the 2-DE was further characterized using the MASCOT MS/MS ion search software and associated databases to identify multiple proteins that might be involved in F.proliferatum resistance.A total of 66 and 27 differentially expressed proteins were found in the roots and leaves of the plants inoculated with YQC-L1,respectively.These identified proteins were placed in various categories including defense and stress response related metabolism,photosynthesis and protein synthesis.Thirteen identified proteins were validated for their expressions by quantitative reverse transcription(q RT)-PCR.Our results suggested that some of the identified proteins might play important roles in alfalfa resistance against Fusarium spp.These finding could facilitate further dissections of molecular mechanisms controlling root rot disease in alfalfa and potentially other legume crops.
基金supported by the Earmarked Fund for the Modern Agro-Industry Technology Research System,China(CARS-35)
文摘Cultivar selection is important for alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) hay production. From 2009 to 2012, a field study was conducted to evaluate the dry matter yield(DMY) of 28 cultivars in Cangzhou District of Hebei Province, China, and to determine the most suitable cultivars for this province and other zones with similar climate conditions. 28 alfalfa cultivars were sown in late March of 2009 and were harvested for hay four times in each subsequent year. The results showed that the climatic conditions resulted in significant differences in annual DMY among years, with the second year being the highest and the first year the lowest. The top five cultivars with the highest total DMY were L2750(62.75 t ha-1), Horn(62.72 t ha-1), 86-266(61.55 t ha-1), German(61.44 t ha-1) and Zhongmu 1(61.18 t ha-1), respectively. Across all four years, first harvest had the highest ratios to annual DMY except the cultivar of Rambler, while the fourth harvest had the lowest ratio. There were positive correlation relationships between DMY of each harvest and annual DMY, and the correlation coefficients were all significant in four years. And the path coefficients of first harvest were always the highest in four years. The qualities showed small variations among these cultivars and the cultivar L3750 presented the highest crude protein in both years. Crude protein had significant positive correlation with relative feed value(RFV) in both years while crude fiber had significant negative correlation with RFV and crude fiber.
基金funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology of People’s Republic of China(2017YFE0111000/EUCLEG727312)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program,China(ASTIP-IAS14)。
文摘Spring regrowth is an important trait for perennial plants including alfalfa,the most cultivated forage legume worldwide.However,the genetic and genomic basis of the trait is largely unknown in alfalfa due to its complex genetic background of the tetroploid genome.The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci(QTLs)associated with spring regrowth using high-resolution genetic linkage maps we constructed previously.In total,36 significant additive effect QTLs for the trait were detected.Among them,10 QTLs individually explained more than 10%of the phenotypic variation(PVE)with four in P1 and six in P2.Six overlapped QTLs intervals were detected with two and four intervals distributed in P1 and P2,respectively.In P1,both overlapped genomic regions were located on homolog 7 D.In P2,the four QTLs with PVE>10%were co-localized on homolog 6 D.Meanwhile,six pairs of significant epistatic QTLs were identified in P2.Screening of potential candidate genes associated with four overlapped QTLs(q CP2019-8,q LF2019-5,q LF2020-4,and q BLUP-3)narrowed down one candidate annotated as MAIL1.The Arabidopsis homolog gene has been reported to play an important role in plant growth.Therefore,the detected QTLs are valuable resources for genetic improvement of alfalfa spring vigor using marker-assisted selection(MAS),and further identification of the associated genes would provide insights into genetic control of spring regrowth in alfalfa.
