聚簇孔机械深穿透微型单涡轮特性分析

为提高油气井产能,目前主要方法是水力压裂增油、增气技术,但压裂返排水存在层间泄漏和运移问题,会对区域水资源安全构成危害。为了解决该类问题,提出机械深穿透微型单涡轮驱动钻孔方案,在油气储层中形成若干聚簇孔,并设计5种微型单涡轮结构,采用CFD软件对不同特性参数和钻井液性质下的微型涡轮进行数值模拟。研究结果表明:5种微型单涡轮(A,B,C,D,E)的最大扭矩分别可达微型双涡轮最大扭矩的79.1%,69%,77%,90.4%,108.7%,最大效率值分别为40.8%,40.2%,41.7%,38%,40.5%,略低于微型双涡轮的最大效率45.46%;流量增加,微型单涡轮(E)扭矩和压差均显著增大,最大值分别为11.13 N·Fm和0.40 MPa,输出功率和效率随着转速增加,先增大后减小,在流量为1200 L/min时出现最大值,分别为2.43 kW和40.5%;钻井液密度增加,微型单涡轮(E)扭矩、压降、输出功率和效率明显增大,最大值分别为12.98 N·m,0.815 MPa,5.44 kW,39.7%,钻井液黏度增加,微型单涡轮(E)压降增大,扭矩、输出功率和效率均减小。分析研究认为微型单涡轮(E)能代替微型双涡轮,可提供良好动力。

压裂返排液的处理及回用

制备了沸石负载纳米TiO2催化剂和蒙脱土负载纳米零价铁吸附剂,结合传统处理技术,构建了“絮凝—预氧化(Fenton氧化)—沸石负载纳米TiO2催化臭氧氧化—蒙脱土载负纳米零价铁吸附”组合工艺,处理压裂返排液,考察了影响COD去除效果的因素。实验结果表明:在催化剂投加量1.0 g/L、臭氧通入时间5 min、吸附剂投加量5.0 g/L、吸附时间4 h的最佳条件下,COD从原水的4 032.60 mg/L降至37.03 mg/L,处理后出水各项指标均达到GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》中的一级标准;80℃下,出水回用配制的压裂液黏度为4.4 mPa·s,高于自来水配制和压裂返排液配制的压裂液,耐温性有一定提升。

Preparation and properties of nano SiO_(2) core-shell structured additives and their nanocomposite with polypropylene

To improve the performance of traditional nucle-ation additives and their compatibility with other additives,as well as to solve complex problems in practical applications,SiO_(2) precursors were reactively grafted in situ with the sym-metrical hydroxyl groups of the nucleation agents.With this approach,the dissymmetrical part of the nucleation agents plays an important role.As a result,the prepared composite additive—the nanoparticle precursor(NPP0)—produces excellent results.The NPP0-PP composite has a transparency of over 93%,haze lower than 15%,and a heat distortion temperature(HDT)of 142℃,which is more than the 110℃ of the pure PP matrix.In addition,it maintains over 90%of the mechanical properties with a deformation coefficient less than 1%.This indicates a strong nanoeffect.