Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have abilities to mediate tissue protection through mechanisms of antiapoptosis,anti-oxidative stress and anti-fibrosis as well as tissue regeneration through mechanisms of cell proliferati...Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have abilities to mediate tissue protection through mechanisms of antiapoptosis,anti-oxidative stress and anti-fibrosis as well as tissue regeneration through mechanisms of cell proliferation,differentiation and angiogenesis.These effects by MSCs are mediated by a variety of factors,including growth factors,cytokines and extracellular vesicles(EVs).Among these factors,EVs,containing proteins,mRNA and microRNAs(miRNA),may carry their contents into distant tissues with high stability.Therefore,the treatment with MSC-derived EVs may be promising as‘natural’drug delivery systems(DDS).Especially,the treatment of MSCderived EVs with the manipulation of specific miRNAs expression has been reported to be beneficial under a variety of diseases and tissue injuries.The overexpression of specific miRNAs in the EVs might be through pre-loading method using the gene editing system by plasmid vector or post-loading method to load miRNA mimics into EVs by electroporation or calcium chloride-mediated transfection.Despite current several challenges for clinical use,it should open the next era of regenerative medicine for a variety of diseases.In this article,we highlight the therapeutic potential of MSC-derived EVs as‘natural’DDS and current challenges.展开更多
文摘Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have abilities to mediate tissue protection through mechanisms of antiapoptosis,anti-oxidative stress and anti-fibrosis as well as tissue regeneration through mechanisms of cell proliferation,differentiation and angiogenesis.These effects by MSCs are mediated by a variety of factors,including growth factors,cytokines and extracellular vesicles(EVs).Among these factors,EVs,containing proteins,mRNA and microRNAs(miRNA),may carry their contents into distant tissues with high stability.Therefore,the treatment with MSC-derived EVs may be promising as‘natural’drug delivery systems(DDS).Especially,the treatment of MSCderived EVs with the manipulation of specific miRNAs expression has been reported to be beneficial under a variety of diseases and tissue injuries.The overexpression of specific miRNAs in the EVs might be through pre-loading method using the gene editing system by plasmid vector or post-loading method to load miRNA mimics into EVs by electroporation or calcium chloride-mediated transfection.Despite current several challenges for clinical use,it should open the next era of regenerative medicine for a variety of diseases.In this article,we highlight the therapeutic potential of MSC-derived EVs as‘natural’DDS and current challenges.
