Bioinspired directional structures for inhibiting wetting on super-melt-philic surfaces above 1200°C

Over the past two decades,superhydrophobic surfaces that are easily created have aroused considerable attention for their superior performances in various applications at room temperature.Nowadays,there is a growing demand in special fields for the development of surfaces that can resist wetting by high-temperature molten droplets(>1200°C)using facile design and fabrication strategies.Herein,bioinspired directional structures(BDSs)were prepared on Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2(YSZ)surfaces using femtosecond laser ablation.Benefiting from the anisotropic energy barriers,the BDSs featured with no additional modifiers showed a remarkable increase from 9.2°to 60°in the contact angle of CaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2(CMAS)melt and a 70.1%reduction in the spreading area of CMAS at 1250°C,compared with polished super-CMAS-melt-philic YSZ surfaces.Moreover,the BDSs demonstrated exceptional wetting inhibition even at 1400°C,with an increase from 3.3°to 31.3°in contact angle and a 67.9%decrease in spreading area.This work provides valuable insight and a facile preparation strategy for effectively inhibiting the wetting of molten droplets on super-melt-philic surfaces at extremely high temperatures.

Prospective evaluation of magnetic resonance cholangiography in patients with suspected common bile duct stones before laparoscopic cholecystectomy

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the predictive value of magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC) in selected patients before laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). METHODS: Patients with risk factors for common bile duct (CBD) stones scheduled for elective LC from March 1999 to May 2001, underwent MRC followed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) to detect the stones and the accuracy of MRC. Selection of suspected patients was based on clinical, ultrasonographic, and laboratory criteria. RESULTS: During a 26-month period, a total of 267 patients were studied. Seventy-eight MRC identified patients were found to have CBD stones by ERC or laparoscopic cholangiography in the study. Seven of 78 patients were misdiagnosed as having CBD stones by MRC. In this study, MRC had a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 96.3%, a positive predictive value of 91.8%, and a negative predictive value of 100% for the detection of common bile duct stones. CONCLUSIONS: With the use of LC, ERC is frequently performed before LC to detect CBD stones; but it is invasive with a well-documented complication rate. MRC is a simple non-invasive method for preoperative screening for CBD stones in at-risk patients. In this study if ERC had been limited to patients with a positive MRC, it would have reduced the need for ERC by 68.2%, and the complications of preoperative examination would be minimized significantly.

Femtosecond Laser Thermal Accumulation-Triggered Micro-/Nanostructures with Patternable and Controllable Wettability Towards Liquid Manipulating

Versatile liquid manipulating surfaces combining patternable and controllable wettability have recently motivated considerable attention owing to their significant advantages in droplet-solid impacting behaviors,microdroplet self-removal,and liquid–liquid interface reaction applications.However,developing a facile and efficient method to fabricate these versatile surfaces remains an enormous challenge.In this paper,a strategy for the fabrication of liquid manipulating surfaces with patternable and controllable wettability on Polyimide(PI)film based on femtosecond laser thermal accumulation engineering is proposed.Because of its controllable micro-/nanostructures and chemical composition through adjusting the local thermal accumulation,the wettability of PI film can be tuned from superhydrophilicity(~3.6°)to superhydrophobicity(~151.6°).Furthermore,three diverse surfaces with patternable and heterogeneous wettability were constructed and various applications were successfully realized,including water transport,droplet arrays,and liquid wells.This work may provide a facile strategy for achieving patternable and controllable wettability efficiently and developing multifunctional liquid steering surfaces.

A Study on the Reform and Further Development of "Chongzhou Mode" Based on the Perspective of Modern Enterprise Management

At present,the domestic agriculture is facing challenges.Farmers' income is relatively low,and more and more rural young workers are divorced from the countryside to work in the relatively developed areas,which makes agricultural development caught in a vicious circle,so it is difficult to rationally allocate resources and increase industrial vitality.However,the new agricultural system of " Chongzhou Mode" has emerged to indicate a macro direction of agricultural development.In this paper,with " Chongzhou Mode" as the object of study,from the perspective of modern enterprise management,we elaborate some features of this mode such as corporate governance,land transfer cost internalization and human-based management,and explore the role of this mode in promoting employment,Internet +,and reducing market information asymmetry.Finally,we set forth the corresponding

Hydrogen and nitrogen absorption properties of Ce-added Zr_(2)(Fe_(1-x)Ni_(x)) alloys

To improve the nitriding resistance of Zr_(2)Fe alloy,the Ce-added Zr_(2)(Fe_(1-x)Ni_(x))(x=0,0.15,0.3,0.5)alloys were prepared by magnetic levitation melting method.The effects of Ni substitution for Fe on the phase structure,hydrogen and nitrogen absorption properties of the alloys were investigated by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and p-c isotherm measurements.The experimental results show that Ni substitution can effectively inhibit the formation of both α-Zr and ZrFe_(2) phases and promote the formation of C16 structure Zr_(2)(Fe,Ni)phase,causing Ni-substituted alloys to exhibit low nitrogen absorption rate and capacity.At 623 K under 0.5 MPa nitrogen pressure,the nitrogen absorption capacity of Ce-added Zr_(2)(Fe_(0.5)Ni_(0.5))alloy reaches to 0.8 mL/g,much lower than that of Zr_(2)Fe alloy(1.5 mL/g).Ni substitution decreases the crystal cell volume of the C_(16)Zr_(2)(Fe,Ni)phase,resulting in an increase in the hydrogen absorption equilibrium pressure.At 623 K under 0.05 MPa hydrogen pressure,the hydrogen absorption capacity decreases from 1.46 wt%of Zr_(2)Fe alloy to 1.41 wt%of Ce-added Zr_(2)(Fe_(0.5)Ni_(0.5))alloy.

A novel method for calculating broadband electrical performance of high-speed aircraft radome under thermo-mechanical-electrical coupling

The electrical performance of radomes on high-speed aircraft can be influenced by the thermal and mechanical loads produced during high-speed flight,which can affect the detection dis-tance and accuracy of the guidance system.This paper presents a new method that uses the Finite Difference Time Domain(FDTD)method to calculate the electrical performance of radomes under Thermo-Mechanical-Electrical(TME)coupling.This method can accurately characterize the effects of material dielectric temperature drift and structural deformation on the electrical performance of the radome under flight conditions,enabling high-precision full-wave calculations of the broadband electrical performance of the radome.The method initiates by utilizing a Finite Element Grid Model(FE-GM)of the radome to sequentially acquire the radome's response temperature field and structural deformation field through thermal and mechanical simulations.Subsequently,spatial mapping techniques are developed to accurately incorporate the dielectric temperature drift and structural deformation of the radome into its Yee grid Electromagnetic(EM)simulation model.A verification case was designed to test the proposed method,and the results confirmed its high computational accuracy.Additionally,the effectiveness and necessity of the method were further demonstrated by analyzing the electrical performance of a fused silica ceramic radome used on a high-speed aircraft.

生成与弥散——德勒兹电影理论中的情动观念

有别于已经成型的西方情动理论,吉尔·德勒兹的情动―影像观念旨在描述电影影像从情感过渡至行动中而产生的临界状态。它不具有实体特征,不从属于任何个体,具有即时生成并四处弥散的特质。电影影像破解了情动的“难以表达性”。正是特写镜头所表现的面孔将情动以可见或者可感受的状态呈现在了银幕上,面孔在此是情动向情感过渡中的临界点—它已经有了特殊的表达但却还未进入动作的状态。电影中的情感―影像具有表达情动的功能,这是德勒兹情动观念的核心之所在。本文依托德勒兹《电影1:运动―影像》中有关情感―影像的章节,尝试从情动的生成入手,分析其内在构成和运作模式,并由此出发,结合电影实例,引介一系列与之相关的理论概念,如性质―力量和任意空间,并为其在二战后电影美学和创作方法的演化发展中起到的关键作用,做出总结性评述。

“非姿态化”的行动:德勒兹的大形式概念与方法派电影表演

在《电影1:运动-影像》中,吉尔·德勒兹以“大形式”流程开启了对行动-影像的论述,它渗透了好莱坞电影从创作到制作的各个环节,包括占据绝对主导地位的方法派表演体系。方法派诠释角色的过程包含内在化和外在化两个阶段,并与知觉驱动的运作紧密联系。在方法派表演之外,德勒兹以人物的姿态作为身体的时间性外延,它成为挑战大形式和行动-影像固有模式的“武器”之一,并将德勒兹的电影理论引向了时间-影像的方向。

Influence of imidazolium ionic liquids as organic filler dispersant on electrical properties of chitin/epoxy composites

Ionic liquid(IL)as the dispersant can help disperse the organic nanofillers to improve the performance of epoxy resin remarkably.However,the effect of IL on the electrical properties of epoxy composites is not well documented.This comprehensive study consists of the preparation,material characterisation and systematical investigation of electrical properties of 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate-modified chitin fibre/epoxy composites.The findings show that introducing IL into a chitin/epoxy composite can minimise porosity defects and improve the compatibility between filler and matrix.However,a high concentration of IL induces severe charge injection into chitin/epoxy composites and internal electric field distortion.The addition of 0.75%–1.5%mass fraction IL results in maximum enhancement in the AC breakdown strength of the chitin/epoxy composite(by~71%)compared with the non-IL composites.The nonlinear conductivity and non-uniform charge injection phenomena of IL-modified composites can be attributed to the movement of radicals and anions due to the decomposition of IL.Through this study,it is highly expected that the organic filler dispersion in the epoxy matrix can be optimised by tuning IL to improve the insulation properties.

旋肩胛动脉穿支皮瓣在烧伤后重度腋窝瘢痕挛缩畸形整形修复治疗中的应用

目的:总结旋肩胛动脉穿支皮瓣在烧伤后重度腋窝瘢痕挛缩畸形功能重建中的应用经验。方法:2015年1月至2023年6月,首都医科大学附属北京积水潭医院烧伤科收治烧伤后重度腋窝瘢痕挛缩畸形患者38例,其中男25例,女13例,年龄5~48岁。术前患肢肩关节外展角度为20°~70°。29例为单侧腋窝瘢痕挛缩,9例为双侧腋窝瘢痕挛缩。对患者进行手术瘢痕松解,并采用旋肩胛动脉穿支皮瓣进行功能重建修复治疗。其中旋肩胛动脉横支供血的肩胛皮瓣1个,降支供血的肩胛旁皮瓣34个,含横支和降支的肩胛双叶皮瓣12个。采用Constant-Murley评分和Neer评分评估术前、术后2周及术后6个月患者肩关节活动范围及功能。结果:38例患者术后肩关节活动范围及功能均明显改善。术前、术后2周及术后6个月Constant-Murley评分分别为(14.28±8.15)分、(41.17±9.17)分、(39.37±11.47)分,Neer评分分别为(12.58±7.25)分、(39.67±9.87)分、(37.39±12.48)分。术后随访6个月~3年,肩关节活动功能良好,外展角度均大于90°,均未再次出现腋窝瘢痕挛缩。结论:采用旋肩胛动脉穿支皮瓣进行腋窝瘢痕挛缩畸形的功能修复,供区损伤小,修复效果良好。

Sensing as the key to the safety and sustainability of new energy storage devices

New energy storage devices such as batteries and supercapacitors are widely used in various fields because of their irreplaceable excellent characteristics.Because there are relatively few monitoring parameters and limited under-standing of their operation,they present problems in accurately predicting their state and controlling operation,such as state of charge,state of health,and early failure indicators.Poor monitoring can seriously affect the performance of energy storage devices.Therefore,to maximize the efficiency of new energy storage devices without damaging the equipment,it is important to make full use of sensing systems to accurately monitor important parameters such as voltage,current,temperature,and strain.These are highly related to their states.Hence,this paper reviews the sensing methods and divides them into two categories:embedded and non-embedded sensors.A variety of measurement methods used to measure the above parameters of various new energy storage devices such as batteries and super-capacitors are systematically summarized.The methods with different innovative points are listed,their advantages and disadvantages are summarized,and the application of optical fiber sensors is emphasized.Finally,the challenges and prospects for these studies are described.The intent is to encourage researchers in relevant fields to study the early warning of safety accidents from the root causes.

Genetic Algorithm‑Based SOTIF Scenario Construction for Complex Traffic Flow

The Safety of The Intended Functionality(SOTIF)challenge represents the triggering condition by elements of a specific scenario and exposes the function limitation of an autonomous vehicle(AV),which leads to hazards.As for operationcontent-related features,the scenario is similar to AVs’SOTIF research and development.Therefore,scenario generation is a significant topic for SOTIF verification and validation procedure,especially in the simulation testing of AVs.Thus,in this paper,a well-designed scenario architecture is first defined,with comprehensive scenario elements,to present SOTIF trigger conditions.Then,considering complex traffic disturbance as trigger conditions,a novel SOTIF scenario generation method is developed.An indicator,also known as Scenario Potential Risk,is defined as the combination of the safety control intensity and the prior collision probability.This indicator helps identify critical scenarios in the proposed method.In addition,the corresponding vehicle motion models are established for general straight roads,curved roads,and safety assessment areas.As for the traffic participants’motion model,it is designed to construct the key dynamic events.To efficiently search for critical scenarios with the trigger of complex traffic flow,this scenario is encoded as genes and it is regenerated through selection,mutation,and crossover iteration processes,known as the Genetic Algorithm(GA).Experimental results show that the GA-based method could efficiently construct diverse and critical traffic scenarios,contributing to the construction of the SOTIF scenario library.

任意瞬间中的电影影像本体性

当罗兰·巴特在《明室》中探讨刺点时,他将摄影的特性指向了超脱拍摄者控制的偶然性。这种偶然因不为主观意志转移的失控而具有了时间永恒流逝特质。刺点在德勒兹的《电影1:运动—影像》中被发展为任意瞬间,但后者将概念源头上溯到了柏格森关于运动的论述。刺点演化为在哲学观念中可理解但在古典时代无法捕获的任意瞬间。从电影本体出发,出现在银幕上的刺点便是姿态。正是在永恒运动的偶然性中,银幕上身体、动作、表情都具有了姿态化的电影本体性。

广告媒介、事后监管与经济增长——基于双重差分的实证分析

对广告事后监管的作用进行评价,并对广告违法重灾区进行准确定位,是保障我国广告业优质高速发展的重要研究问题。本文利用2004—2011年中国31个省份的广告相关数据,通过实证检验考察了广告事后监管对经济增长的影响机制。研究得出以下结论:第一,广告事后监管对经济增长具有显著的正效应,加强广告事后监管有利于促进经济增长;第二,在各类广告发布媒介中,电视广告违法案件与印刷品广告违法案件越多,对经济增长的抑制效应就越强,因此,对广告媒体进行整顿十分必要。基于此,本文针对研究内容,为进一步规范广告行业良性发展提出相应建议,并为今后相关研究提供理论基础。

Hedgehog signaling in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis and the gastrointestinal tumor microenvironment

The Hedgehog(HH) signaling pathway plays important roles in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis and the gastrointestinal tumor microenvironment(TME). Aberrant HH signaling activation may accelerate the growth of gastrointestinal tumors and lead to tumor immune tolerance and drug resistance.The interaction between HH signaling and the TME is intimately involved in these processes, for example, tumor growth, tumor immune tolerance, inflammation, and drug resistance. Evidence indicates that inflammatory factors in the TME, such as interleukin 6(IL-6) and interferon-g(IFN-g), macrophages, and T cell-dependent immune responses, play a vital role in tumor growth by affecting the HH signaling pathway. Moreover, inhibition of proliferating cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs) and inflammatory factors can normalize the TME by suppressing HH signaling. Furthermore, aberrant HH signaling activation is favorable to both the proliferation of cancer stem cells(CSCs) and the drug resistance of gastrointestinal tumors. This review discusses the current understanding of the role and mechanism of aberrant HH signaling activation in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis, the gastrointestinal TME,tumor immune tolerance and drug resistance and highlights the underlying therapeutic opportunities.

miR-181b functions as an oncomiR in colorectal cancer by targeting PDCDZ

Programmed cell death 4 （PDCD4） is a RNA-binding protein that acts as a tumor suppressor in many cancer types, including colorectal cancer （CRC）. During CRC carcinogenesis, PDCD4 protein levels remarkably decrease, but the underlying molecular mechanism for decreased PDCD4 expression is not fully understood. In this study, we performed bioinformatics analysis to identify miRNAs that potentially target PDCD4. We demonstrated miR-181b as a direct regulator of PDCD4. We further showed that activation of IL6/STAT3 signaling pathway increased miR-181b expression and conse- quently resulted in downregulation of PDCD4 in CRC cells. In addition, we investigated the biological effects of PDCD4 inhibition by miR-181b both in vitro and in vivo and found that miR-181b could promote cell proliferation and migration and suppress apoptosis in CRC cells and accelerate tumor growth in xenograft mice, potentially through targeting PDCD4. Taken toge- ther, this study highlights an oncomiR role for miR-181b in regulating PDCD4 in CRC and suggests that miR-181b may be a novel molecular therapeutic target for CRC.

Integrated energy storage system based on triboelectric nanogenerator in electronic devices

The emergence of electronic devices has brought earth-shaking changes to people's life.However,an extemal power source may become indispensable to the electronie devices due to the limited capacity of batteries.As one of the possible solutions for the extermal power sources,the triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)provides a novel idea to the increasing mumber of personal electronic devices.TENG is a new type of energy ollector,which has become a hot spot in the field of nanotechnology.It is widely used at the acquisition and conversion of mechan-ical enegy to electrice energy through the principle of electrostatic induction.On this basis,the TENG could be integrated with the energy stonage system into a self-powered system,W hich can supply power to the electronic devices and make them work continuously.In this review,TENG's basic structure as well as its working process and working mode are firstly discussed.The integration method of TENGs with enegy storage systems and the related research status are then introduced in detail.At the end of this paper,we put forward some problems and discuss the prospect in the future.

Femtosecond laser textured porous nanowire structured glass for enhanced thermal imaging

Infrared(IR)thermal imaging has aroused great interest due to its wide application in medical,scientific,and military fields.Most reported approaches for regulating thermal radiation are aimed to realize IR camouflage and are not applicable to enhance thermal imaging.Here,we introduce a simple and effective method to process porous glass by femtosecond laser scanning,where distributed nanocavities and nanowires were produced,which caused improvement of the treated glass emissivity.The as-prepared sample possessed better IR thermal radiation performance but lower transmittance to visible light.We also demonstrated its applicability by placing it in different backgrounds,where the IR image temperature of laser-treated glass was closer to the actual environment,and this strategy may provide a new vision for enhanced thermal imaging.

迟滞的影像:生命物质与现代性的对峙

从法国哲学家亨利·柏格森于19世纪末提出的生命思想,到一个世纪后吉尔·德勒兹归纳的知觉驱动模式,可以清晰地看到在现代工业化资本主义制度下呈对峙状态的双方——生命物质和现代性——之间的巨大鸿沟。20世纪初美国现代文学的发展和第二次世界大战后意大利新现实主义、法国新浪潮以及美国新好莱坞运动在创作方法论和美学观念上的革新,体现了在这种对峙状态中,迟滞的影像对于现代性量化原则主导下的知觉驱动模式的阻断和消解。

记忆回路中的电影时间观

法国哲学家亨利·柏格森的著作《物质与记忆》是吉尔·德勒兹电影理论的基石。本文尝试从柏格森的记忆回路理论入手,在其提出的习惯性认知和专注认知概念基础上,以德勒兹"时间—影像"观念作为引导,以奥逊·威尔斯、阿伦·雷乃、克里斯托弗·诺兰和洪常秀等电影导演的作品为例,分析和阐述记忆与时间观念在电影影像构成中所起到的关键指导性作用。它有助于理解德勒兹电影理论的内在建构意图,并辨析哲学观念与电影创作之间的联通互动关系。