A-site assisted perovskite crystallization via ion-exchange MOFs for high efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

Here,a novel strategy is proposed targeting the volatility of A-site cations and the disordered arrangement of perovskite grains through employing Cs~+contained metal-organic frameworks In-aip(Cs)obtained by ion-exchange and crystalline transform.Interatomic forces between Cs-O atoms split the pore channels of the pristine In-aip,endowing In-aip(Cs)with multidimensional charge transport channels,In addition,the partially freed Cs~+in the interlayer compensates for the vacancy of A-site cations during the perovskite preparation process.The In-aip(Cs)modified perovskite films have a flat morphology,large grains and excellent optoelectronic properties.Benefiting from the high-quality perovskite films and faster charge extraction,the In-aip(Cs)-modified PSCs achieved a champion PCE of 23.03%,superior to the In-aip-modified(22.29%)and control device(21.13%),More importantly,the unencapsulated PSCs modified with In-aip(Cs)exhibited outstanding humidity and thermal stability.Over a period of almost 1000 h,the unencapsulated In-aip(Cs)-modified device retained 85%of its initial PCE after storing in a glove box at 85℃,and retained 87%of the primary PCE upon storage in ambient condition at 25℃under a humidity of 40%.

二维材料复合光纤调制器件研究进展

随着通信技术的快速发展和广泛应用,光纤通信以其高容量和低损耗的优势,已成为现代信息通信的基础。在光纤通信系统中,光调制器是实现光信号调制的关键器件之一,通常基于块状晶体的电学和光电子学器件。然而,这类器件会影响光在高密度传输过程中的质量,限制了光纤通信实现高速和高容量性能的潜力。为了解决这个问题,研究人员一直致力于开发全光纤器件,可以在不中断光纤传输过程的情况下对光信号进行调制、放大和检测。近年来,设计和制造了许多具有不同结构的新型光纤。其中,二维材料在光调制领域引起了人们的广泛关注,因为它们具有可以增强光与物质之间相互作用的独特性质。基于二维材料复合光纤的光纤型调制器有望为光纤通信带来新的机遇。在本文中,我们将介绍将二维材料与不同结构的光纤进行复合的各种方法,例如光纤端面复合、孔内壁复合、拉锥复合和侧剖复合。这些方法可以有效地整合二维材料和光纤的优势,创造出具有高性能和功能性的新型光调制器。我们还将举例介绍一些基于二维材料复合光纤的光调制器,例如基于MoS_(2)的全光波长调制器、基于石墨烯的电光吸收调制器和基于MXene的热光相位调制器。这些器件可以通过利用二维材料的光学、电学或热学性质来调制光信号的波长、强度或相位。这些器件可以通过改变二维材料折射率的实部和虚部来实现对光信号的调制。此外,我们还将总结二维材料复合光纤调制器在不同领域(如全光、电光和热光)的调制原理、过程和应用。我们将与基于块状晶体器件的传统光调制器进行优缺点比较,并讨论它们在提高光纤通信系统性能和效率方面的潜力。最后,我们将讨论二维材料复合光纤领域所面临的机遇和挑战,并提出未来研究方向和发展前景。

Heat diffusion optimization in high performance perovskite solar cells integrated with zeolite

Heat accumulation inside perovskite solar cells causes the decomposition of the perovskite layer and hole transport materials(HTMs)under working conditions,yielding a decrease in long-term stability.Here,we present a zeolite-assisted heat conduction strategy by introducing economic zeolite crystals(e.g.,NaX,NaY,and ZSM-5)as a cooling filter to induce heat diffusion.The fitted thermal diffusion kinetic equation from real-time infrared thermal imaging technology reveals the zeolite skeleton assisted thermal co nduction mechanism of internal lattice vibration.Additionally,the nearly twofold improved conductivity of the modified HTM film is benefited from Na^(+)hopping on the supercages of the zeolite,therefore,the best-performed device with a rapid heat diffusion and defect inhibition obtains a remarkable power conversion efficiency of 23.42%.Both of NaX modified sprio-OMeTAD and PTAA based devices exhibit excellent operational stability after heating 1000 h at 85℃under N_(2)condition.This work demonstrates the potential application of economical porous zeolite materials in improving the thermal stability of PSCs.

Mesoporous TiO_2/Carbon Beads: One-Pot Preparation and Their Application in Visible-Light-Induced Photodegradation

Mesoporous Ti O2/Carbon beads have been prepared via a facile impregnation-carbonization approach, in which a porous anion-exchange resin and K2 Ti O(C2O4)2were used as hard carbon and titanium source, respectively.Characterization results reveal that the self-assembled composites have disordered mesostructure, uniform mesopores,large pore volumes, and high surface areas. The mesopore walls are composed of amorphous carbon, well-dispersed and confined anatase or rutile nanoparticles. Some anatase phase of Ti O2 was transformed to rutile phase via an increase of carbonization temperature or repeated impregnation of the resin with Ti O(C2O4)22-species. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen element analysis, and thermal gravity analysis results indicate the doping of carbon into the Ti O2 lattice and strong interaction between carbon and Ti O2 nanoparticles. A synergy effect by carbon and Ti O2 in the composites has been discussed herein on the degradation of methyl orange under visible light. The dye removal process involves adsorption of the dye from water by the mesopores in the composites, followed by photodegradation on the separated dye-loaded catalysts. Mesopores allow full access of the dye molecules to the surface of Ti O2 nanoparticles.Importantly, the bead format of such composite enables their straightforward separation from the reaction mixture in their application as a liquid-phase heterogeneous photodegradation catalyst.

In Situ Preparation and Analysis of Bimetal Co?doped Mesoporous Graphitic Carbon Nitride with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity

A novel photocatalyst of mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_3N_4) co-doped with Co and Mo(Co/Mo-MCN) has been one-pot synthesized via a simple template-free method; cobalt chloride and molybdenum disulfide were used as the Co and Mo sources, respectively. The characterization results evidently indicate that molybdenum disulfide functions as Mo sources to incorporate Mo atoms in the framework of g-C_3N_4 and as a catalyst for promoting the decomposition of g-C_3N_4, resulting in the creation of mesopores. The obtained Co/Mo-MCN exhibited a significant enhancement of the photocatalytic activity in H_2 evolution(8.6 times) and Rhodamine B degradation(10.1 times) under visible light irradiation compared to pristine g-C_3N_4. Furthermore, density functional theory calculations were applied to further understand the photocatalytic enhancement mechanism of the optical absorption properties at the atomic level after Co-or Mo-doping. Finite-di erence time-domain simulations were performed to evaluate the e ect of the mesopore structures on the light absorption capability. The results revealed that both the bimetal doping and the mesoporous architectures resulted in an enhanced optical absorption; this phenomenon was considered to have played a critical role in the improvement in the photocatalytic performance of Co/Mo-MCN.

Benzothiophene and benzosulfone fused pyrazino[2,3-g]quinoxaline:Synthesis and semiconducting properties

A novel air-stable n-type benzothiaphene endcapped azaarene(BTPQ) and its sulfonated derivative(BSPQ) were prepared via two pathways and characterized by NMR, UV–vis, fluorescence and cyclic voltammetry spectroscopy. Symmetrically introducing four nitrogen atoms into acenes, the semiconductor properties could be changed from p-type to n-type detected through the space charge limited current(SCLC) method. After sulfonation of BTPQ, BSPQ is with deeper frontier orbital energy levels and enhanced the electron mobility.