Boosting the cycling stability of all-solid-state lithium metal batteries through MOF-based polymeric protective layers

Solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)play a pivotal role in advancing next-generation lithium metal battery technology.However,they commonly encounter substantial interfacial resistance and poor stability when interfacing with lithium metal,hindering practical applications.Herein,we introduce a flexible metal-organic framework(MOF:NUS-6)-incorporated polymeric layer,denoted as NP,designed to protect the sodium superionic conductor(NASICON)-type Li_(1.3)Al_(0.3)Ti_(1.7)(PO_(4))_(3)(LATP)electrolyte from Li metal anodes.The NP matrix establishes a soft interface with the LATP surface,effectively reducing voids and gaps that may arise between the LATP electrolyte and Li metal.Moreover,the MOF component in NP enhances ionic conductivity,offers abundant Li^(+)transport sites,and provides hierarchical ion channels,ensuring a homogeneous Li^(+)flow and thus effectively inhibiting Li dendrite formation.Utilizing NP,we fabricate Li symmetrical cells cycled for over 1600 h at 0.2 mA cm^(-2)and all-solid-state LiINP-LATPI LiFePO_(4)batteries,achieving a remarkable 99.3%capacity retention after 200 cycles at 0.2 C.This work outlines a general strategy for designing long-lasting and stable solid-state Li metal batteries.

Research Progress in the Extraction and Application of Flavonoids from Ginkgo biloba Leaves

Ginkgo biloba resources in China are enormous. With the demand of the market, the preparation and application of flavonoids have become a current research hotspot. The main active substances in G. biloba leaves, flavonoids, have various functional activities and are widely used in fields such as food, medicine, cosmetics, feed, etc. In this paper, the introduction, functional activity, extraction methods, and application research of flavonoids from G. biloba leaves are reviewed, and the development prospects of flavonoids from G. biloba leaves are expected.

GbLMI1 over-expression improves cotton aboveground vegetative growth

Leaves are the main organ for photosynthesis and organic synthesis in cotton.Leaf shape has important effects on photosynthetic efficiency and canopy formation,thereby affecting cotton yield.Previous studies have shown that LMI1(LATE MERISTEM IDENTITY1)is the main gene regulating leaf shape.In this study,the LMI1 gene was inserted into the 35S promoter expression vector,and cotton plants overexpressing LMI1(OE)were obtained through genetic transformation.Statistical analysis of the biological traits of the T_(1) and T_(2) populations showed that compared to the wild type(WT),OE plants had significantly larger leaves,thicker stems and significantly greater dry weight.Furthermore,plant sections of the main vein and petiole showed that the numbers of cells in those tissues of OE plants were significantly greater.In addition,RNA-seq analysis revealed the differential expression of genes related to gibberellin synthesis and NAC gene family(genes containing the NAC domain)between the OE and WT plants,suggesting that LMI1 is involved in secondary wall formation and cell proliferation,which promotes stem thickening.Moreover,Gene Ontology(GO)analysis revealed enrichment in the terms of calcium ion binding,and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)analysis showed enrichment in the terms of fatty acid degradation,phosphatidylinositol signal transduction system,and c AMP(cyclic adenosine monophosphate)signal pathway.These results suggested that LMI1 OE plants are responsive to gibberellin hormone signals,and have altered messenger signals(c AMP,Ca^(2+))which amplify this function,to promote stronger aboveground vegetative growth.This study found the LMI1 greatly increased the vegetative growth in cotton,which is the basic requirement for higher yield.

Novel concepts of mechanical technology for gas recovery from marine hydrate reservoir

According to the characteristics of marine natural gas hydrate,China has proposed the solid-state fluidization exploitation technology or natural gas hydrate,with subsea exploitation being key to the commercial recovery of gas.In this paper,two new integrated tools are proposed for breaking and collecting natural gas hydrate,and their working principles and steps are illustrated.Finite element analysis,three-dimensional modeling,and simulations were conducted for both exploitation tools to verify their technological feasibility.The results show that the two exploitation tools can effectively improve the efficiency of hydrate exploitation and ensure the stability of the hydrate reservoir.This provides a reference for further research on the solid-state fluidization exploitation technology of marine gas hydrates.

High-performance photodetector based on an interface engineering-assisted graphene/silicon Schottky junction

Graphene/silicon Schottky junctions have been proven efficient for photodetection,but the existing high dark current seriously restricts applications such as weak signal detection.In this paper,a thin layer of gadolinium iron garnet(Gd3Fe5O12,GdIG)film is introduced to engineer the interface of a graphene/silicon Schottky photodetector.The novel structure shows a significant decrease in dark current by 54 times at a-2 V bias.It also exhibits high performance in a self-powered mode in terms of an Ilight/Idark ratio up to 8.2×10^(6)and a specific detectivity of 1.35×10^(13)Jones at 633 nm,showing appealing potential for weak-light detection.Practical suitability characterizations reveal a broadband absorption covering ultraviolet to near-infrared light and a large linear response with a wide range of light intensities.The device holds an operation speed of 0.15 ms,a stable response for 500 continuous working cycles,and long-term environmental stability after several months.Theoretical analysis shows that the interlayer increases the barrier height and passivates the contact surface so that the dark current is suppressed.This work demonstrates the good capacity of GdIG thin films as interlayer materials and provides a new solution for high-performance photodetectors.

High-performance broadband flexible photodetector based on Gd_(3)Fe_(5)O_(12)-assisted double van der Waals heterojunctions

Flexible photodetectors are fundamental components for developing wearable systems,which can be widely used for medical detection,environmental monitoring and flexible imaging.However,compared with 3D materials,lowdimensional materials have degraded performance,a key challenge for current flexible photodetectors.Here,a highperformance broadband photodetector has been proposed and fabricated.By combining the high mobility of graphene(Gr)with the strong light–matter interactions of single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)and molybdenum disulfide(MoS2),the flexible photodetector exhibits a greatly improved photoresponse covering the visible to near-infrared range.Additionally,a thin layer of gadolinium iron garnet(Gd_(3)Fe_(5)O_(12),GdlG)film is introduced to improve the interface of the double van der Waals heterojunctions to reduce the dark current.The SWCNT/GdIG/Gr/GdIG/MoS2 flexible photodetector exhibits a high photoresponsivity of 47.375 A/W and a high detectivity of 1.952×1012 Jones at 450 nm,a high photoresponsivity of 109.311 A/W and a high detectivity of 4.504×10^(12) Jones at 1080 nm,and good mechanical stability at room temperature.This work demonstrates the good capacity of GdIGassisted double van der Waals heterojunctions on flexible substrates and provides a new solution for constructing high-performance flexible photodetectors.

First identification of kdr allele F1534S in VGSC gene and its association with resistance to pyrethroid insecticides in Aedes albopictus populations from Haikou City,Hainan Island,China

Background:Aedes albopictus is distributed widely in China,as a primary vector of Dengue fever and Chikungunya fever in south of China.Chemical insecticide control is one of the integrated programmes to prevent mosquito-borne diseases.Long-term applications of pyrethroids have resulted in the development of resistance in Ae.albopictus populations in China.However,the susceptibility of Ae.albopictus to pyrethroids in Hainan Island was unclear.Knockdown resistance(kdr),caused by point mutations in the VGSC gene,is one of the mechanisms that confer resistance to DDT and pyrethroids.This study was to investigate the resistance level of Ae.albopictus populations in Haikou City to three pyrethroid insecticides,and elucidate the relationship between the resistant phenotype and kdr mutations.Methods:The Aedes albopictus samples were collected in Xinbu Island(XI),Longtang Town(LT),Shishan Town(ST),Baishamen Park(BP),and Flower Market(FM)from Haikou City,Hainan Island,China.The larval susceptibility to deltamethrin,permethrin and beta-cypermethrin was tested by larval bioassays,and adult susceptibility to deltamethrin and DDT was determined by adult bioassays.The degree of resistance was determined by resistance ratio value(RR50>3)for larvae and by mortality for adult.The kdr alleles at codon 1534 of the VGSC gene were genotyped.The relationship between kdr genotypes and resistant phenotypes was analyzed by Chi-square test.Results:Out of five populations,assessed by larval bioassays,XI was susceptible to deltamethrin and permethrin;LT was susceptible to permethrin and beta-cypermethrin;and ST was susceptible to permithrin.FM and BP both were resistant to all of the three pyrethroids,and FM showed the highest degree of resistance,with RR50 values from 65.17 to 436.36.A total of 493 individuals from the larval bioassays were genotyped for kdr alleles.Five alleles were detected,including two wildtype alleles,TTC(F)(67.04%)and TTT(F)(0.41%),and three mutant alleles,TGC(C)(0.30%),TCC(S)(31.54%)and TTG(L)(0.71%).There was a clear correlation between mutant alleles(or F1534S)and resistant phenotypes(P<0.01).Conclusion:Two novel kdr mutant alleles F1534S and F1534L were detected in the pyrethroid resistant populations of Ae.albopictus in Haikou Hainan,China.For the first time,the mutant F1534S was associated with pyrethroid resistance in Ae.albopictus.

海洋天然气水合物储层拉削开采新方法及可行性分析

针对深水浅层非成岩天然气水合物借鉴刨煤机刨削采煤过程提出一种新的拉削开采方法,参照拉刀结构特点设计了一种集开采、收集和输送为一体的拉削管。建立了拉削开采三维模型,对其工作原理和工作步骤进行了说明。用有限元仿真对采空区和拉削管受力进行了分析。结果表明,岩土力学仿真下采空区开采半径和开采角度的增大都会引起剪切应力的增加,最大剪切应力发生在采空区上部的起始位置和终止位置;在不发生剪切破坏的采空区中选择体积较大者作为理想采空区,估算出拉削开采方法的日产气量为142000 m^3,具有应用潜力;开采工况下,拉削管的最大等效应力小于管材的屈服极限,表明开采过程中拉削管处于弹性形变,满足方法需求。

Ecological niches and blood sources of sand fly in an endemic focus of visceral leishmaniasis in Jiuzhaigou,Sichuan,China

Background:Sand fly Phlebotomus chinensis is a principle vector for the visceral leishmaniasis(VL)in China with a wide geographic distribution.Jiuzhaigou,Sichuan is a mountain type endemic area of VL in China.Long term effective control efforts in the region have successfully reduced VL transmission.To assess the current status of the sand flies and their ecological aspects in the region,a survey was conducted in the summer of 2014 and 2015.Methods:Sand fly specimens were collected by light traps in a village and blood sources were identified by PCR and sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene.Results:In a rock cave,65.2%–79.8%of collected sand flies were male.On a rabbit farm,92.9%–98.8%of specimens were female.In pig pens,61.1%of specimens were female.Some females had visible blood residues.The feeding rate was 49.4%from the pig pens,12.3%from the cave,and only 1.7%from the rabbit farm.Pig,rabbit,chicken,dog,and human blood were detected in the fed specimens.Swine blood,present in all tested samples,was a preferred blood source,while chicken and dog blood were present in a third of the samples.Conclusions:In Jiuzhaigou County,Sichuan Province of China,the considerable sandfly density and the peridomestic feeding behavior all increases the risk of VL transmission,and insecticide spraying in animal sheds could be exploited to reduce sand fly populations in human surroundings.