Bacteria play critical roles in regulating soil phosphorus(P) cycling. The effects of interactions between crops and soil P-availability on bacterial communities and the feedback regulation of soil P cycling by the ba...Bacteria play critical roles in regulating soil phosphorus(P) cycling. The effects of interactions between crops and soil P-availability on bacterial communities and the feedback regulation of soil P cycling by the bacterial community modifications are poorly understood. Here, six soybean(Glycine max) genotypes with differences in P efficiency were cultivated in acidic soils with long-term sufficient or deficient P-fertilizer treatments. The acid phosphatase(AcP) activities, organic-P concentrations and associated bacterial community compositions were determined in bulk and rhizosphere soils. The results showed that both soybean plant P content and the soil AcP activity were negatively correlated with soil organic-P concentration in P-deficient acidic soils. Soil P-availability affected the ɑ-diversity of bacteria in both bulk and rhizosphere soils. However, soybean had a stronger effect on the bacterial community composition, as reflected by the similar biomarker bacteria in the rhizosphere soils in both P-treatments. The relative abundance of biomarker bacteria Proteobacteria was strongly correlated with soil organic-P concentration and AcP activity in low-P treatments. Further high-throughput sequencing of the phoC gene revealed an obvious shift in Proteobacteria groups between bulk soils and rhizosphere soils, which was emphasized by the higher relative abundances of Cupriavidus and Klebsiella, and lower relative abundance of Xanthomonas in rhizosphere soils. Among them, Cupriavidus was the dominant phoC bacterial genus, and it was negatively correlated with the soil organic-P concentration. These findings suggest that soybean growth relies on organic-P mineralization in P-deficient acidic soils, which might be partially achieved by recruiting specific phoCharboring bacteria, such as Cupriavidus.展开更多
LiBH_(4) has been considered as one of the most promising energy storage materials with its ultrahigh hydrogen capacity,which can supply hydrogen through hydrolysis process or realize hydrogen-to-electricity conversio...LiBH_(4) has been considered as one of the most promising energy storage materials with its ultrahigh hydrogen capacity,which can supply hydrogen through hydrolysis process or realize hydrogen-to-electricity conversion via anodic oxidation reaction of direct borohydride fuel cells(DBFCs).However,the realization of practical hydrogen applications heavily depends on the effective synthesis of high-purity LiBH_(4) and recycling of the spent fuels(LiBO_(2)·xH_(2)O).The present work demonstrates a convenient and high-efficiency solvent-free strategy for regenerating LiBH_(4) with a maximum yield close to 80%,by retrieving its by-products with MgH_(2) as a reducing agent under ambient conditions.Besides,the hydrogen released from the regeneration course can completely compensate the demand for consumed MgH_(2).The isotopic tracer method reveals that the hydrogen stored in LiBH_(4) comes from both MgH_(2) and coordinated water bound to LiBO_(2).Here,the expensive MgH_(2) can be substituted with the readily available and cost-effective MgH_(2)-Mg mixtures to simplify the regeneration route.Notably,LiBH_(4) catalyzed by CoCl_(2) can stably supply hydrogen to proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC),thus powering a portable prototype vehicle.By combining hydrogen storage,production and utilization in a closed cycle,this work offers new insights into deploying boron-based hydrides for energy applications.展开更多
Objective:Deleted in liver cancer 1(DLC1)is a GTPase-activating protein that is reported as a suppressor in certain human cancers.However,the detailed biological function of DLC1 is still unclear in human prostate can...Objective:Deleted in liver cancer 1(DLC1)is a GTPase-activating protein that is reported as a suppressor in certain human cancers.However,the detailed biological function of DLC1 is still unclear in human prostate cancer(PCa).In the present study,we aimed to explore the function of DLC1 in PCa cells.Methods:Silencing and overexpression of DLC1 were induced in an androgen-sensitive PCa cell line(LNCaP)using RNA interference and lentiviral vector transduction.The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was performed to determine cell proliferation.The cell cycle was examined by performing a propidium iodide staining assay.Results:Our results indicated that DLC1 overexpression markedly suppressed the proliferation and cell cycle progression of LNCaP cells.Moreover,DLC1 expression was negatively correlated with Rho-associated protein kinase(ROCK)expression in LNCaP cells.Importantly,this study showed that the ROCK inhibitor Y27632 restored the function of DLC1 in LNCaP cells and reduced the tumorigenicity of LNCaP cells in vivo.Conclusion:Our results indicated that DLC1 overexpression markedly suppressed the proliferation and cell cycle progression of PCa cells and negatively correlated with ROCK expression in PCa cells and tissue.展开更多
Inspired by the eccentricity design of self-driven disks,we propose a computational model to study the remarkable behavior of this kind of active matter via Langevin dynamics simulations.We pay attention to the effect...Inspired by the eccentricity design of self-driven disks,we propose a computational model to study the remarkable behavior of this kind of active matter via Langevin dynamics simulations.We pay attention to the effect of rotational friction coefficient and rotational noise on the phase behavior.A homogeneous system without rotational noise exhibits a sharp discontinuous transition of orientational order from an isotropic to a polar state with the increase of rotational friction coefficient.When there is rotational noise,the transition becomes continuous.The formation of polar state originates from the effective alignment effect due to the mutual coupling of the positional and orientational degrees of freedom of each disk.The rotational noise could weaken the alignment effect and cause the large spatial density inhomogeneity,while the translational noise homogenizes the system.Our model makes further conceptual progress on how the microscopic interaction among self-driven agents yields effective alignment.展开更多
A partially coherent beam called a radially polarized multi-Gaussian Schell-model power-exponent-phase vortex beam is introduced. Both the analytical formula of the beam propagating through the high-numerical-aperture...A partially coherent beam called a radially polarized multi-Gaussian Schell-model power-exponent-phase vortex beam is introduced. Both the analytical formula of the beam propagating through the high-numerical-aperture objective lens based on the vectorial diffraction theory, and the cross-spectral density matrix of the beam in the focal region are derived. Then,the tight focusing characteristics of the partially coherent radially polarized power-exponent-phase vortex beam are studied numerically, and the intensity distribution, degree of polarization and coherence of the beams in the focusing region with different topological charge, power order, beam index and coherence width are analyzed in detail. The results show that the contour of the spot becomes clearer and smoother with the increase in the beam index, and the focal fields of different structures that include the flattened beam can be obtained by changing the coherence width. In addition, by changing the topological charge and power order, the intensity can gather to a point along the ring. These unique properties will have potential applications in particle capture and manipulation, especially in the manipulation of irregular particles.展开更多
采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和拉伸试验机研究厚度为105 mm 5083铝合金热轧板的显微组织与力学性能,解释厚板力学性能不均匀性中存在的三大特征问题。结果表明:轧板厚度方向力学性能具有不均匀性,从表面到中心强度呈倒"N"形变化...采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和拉伸试验机研究厚度为105 mm 5083铝合金热轧板的显微组织与力学性能,解释厚板力学性能不均匀性中存在的三大特征问题。结果表明:轧板厚度方向力学性能具有不均匀性,从表面到中心强度呈倒"N"形变化,伸长率呈半"U"形变化。在靠近表面的一个特殊层(第2层)上发现若干个由长纤维状晶粒(LFG)和短纤维状晶粒带(SFGB)构成的相似结构单元,这种长纤维状晶粒和短纤维状晶粒带的交替层状分布有利于通过分散集中在两者之间晶界线(BL)上的塑性变形来提高塑性。但是,在热轧过程中两种不同变形能力的晶粒会引起附加应力的交替分布,致使强度降低。越靠近轧板中心,越容易发生回复而非再结晶,这可能是近中心区域(第4层和第5层)强度存在一个不可忽视的差值的原因。展开更多
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF1000500)the Open Competition Program of Ten Major Directions of Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation for the 14th Five-Year Plan of Guangdong Province,China(2022SDZG07)+3 种基金the Key Areas Research and Development Programs of Guangdong Province,China(2022B0202060005)the STICGrantof China(SGDX20210823103535007)the Major Program of Guangdong Basic and Applied Research,China(2019B030302006)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(2021A1515010826and 2020A1515110261).
文摘Bacteria play critical roles in regulating soil phosphorus(P) cycling. The effects of interactions between crops and soil P-availability on bacterial communities and the feedback regulation of soil P cycling by the bacterial community modifications are poorly understood. Here, six soybean(Glycine max) genotypes with differences in P efficiency were cultivated in acidic soils with long-term sufficient or deficient P-fertilizer treatments. The acid phosphatase(AcP) activities, organic-P concentrations and associated bacterial community compositions were determined in bulk and rhizosphere soils. The results showed that both soybean plant P content and the soil AcP activity were negatively correlated with soil organic-P concentration in P-deficient acidic soils. Soil P-availability affected the ɑ-diversity of bacteria in both bulk and rhizosphere soils. However, soybean had a stronger effect on the bacterial community composition, as reflected by the similar biomarker bacteria in the rhizosphere soils in both P-treatments. The relative abundance of biomarker bacteria Proteobacteria was strongly correlated with soil organic-P concentration and AcP activity in low-P treatments. Further high-throughput sequencing of the phoC gene revealed an obvious shift in Proteobacteria groups between bulk soils and rhizosphere soils, which was emphasized by the higher relative abundances of Cupriavidus and Klebsiella, and lower relative abundance of Xanthomonas in rhizosphere soils. Among them, Cupriavidus was the dominant phoC bacterial genus, and it was negatively correlated with the soil organic-P concentration. These findings suggest that soybean growth relies on organic-P mineralization in P-deficient acidic soils, which might be partially achieved by recruiting specific phoCharboring bacteria, such as Cupriavidus.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Projects(Nos.51771075)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFB1502101)+2 种基金the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.NSFC51621001)by the Project Supported by Nat-ural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China(2016A030312011)Shao acknowledges support from Macao Science and Technology Development Fund(FDCT)(Project No.:0062/2018/A2 and 0019/2019/AGJ).
文摘LiBH_(4) has been considered as one of the most promising energy storage materials with its ultrahigh hydrogen capacity,which can supply hydrogen through hydrolysis process or realize hydrogen-to-electricity conversion via anodic oxidation reaction of direct borohydride fuel cells(DBFCs).However,the realization of practical hydrogen applications heavily depends on the effective synthesis of high-purity LiBH_(4) and recycling of the spent fuels(LiBO_(2)·xH_(2)O).The present work demonstrates a convenient and high-efficiency solvent-free strategy for regenerating LiBH_(4) with a maximum yield close to 80%,by retrieving its by-products with MgH_(2) as a reducing agent under ambient conditions.Besides,the hydrogen released from the regeneration course can completely compensate the demand for consumed MgH_(2).The isotopic tracer method reveals that the hydrogen stored in LiBH_(4) comes from both MgH_(2) and coordinated water bound to LiBO_(2).Here,the expensive MgH_(2) can be substituted with the readily available and cost-effective MgH_(2)-Mg mixtures to simplify the regeneration route.Notably,LiBH_(4) catalyzed by CoCl_(2) can stably supply hydrogen to proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC),thus powering a portable prototype vehicle.By combining hydrogen storage,production and utilization in a closed cycle,this work offers new insights into deploying boron-based hydrides for energy applications.
基金This study was supported by the Key Scientific Research Project of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning(No.201640014)the project of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi(No.20171BAB205019)the Special Diseases Program of Pudong New Area Health System(No.PWZzb2017-06).
文摘Objective:Deleted in liver cancer 1(DLC1)is a GTPase-activating protein that is reported as a suppressor in certain human cancers.However,the detailed biological function of DLC1 is still unclear in human prostate cancer(PCa).In the present study,we aimed to explore the function of DLC1 in PCa cells.Methods:Silencing and overexpression of DLC1 were induced in an androgen-sensitive PCa cell line(LNCaP)using RNA interference and lentiviral vector transduction.The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was performed to determine cell proliferation.The cell cycle was examined by performing a propidium iodide staining assay.Results:Our results indicated that DLC1 overexpression markedly suppressed the proliferation and cell cycle progression of LNCaP cells.Moreover,DLC1 expression was negatively correlated with Rho-associated protein kinase(ROCK)expression in LNCaP cells.Importantly,this study showed that the ROCK inhibitor Y27632 restored the function of DLC1 in LNCaP cells and reduced the tumorigenicity of LNCaP cells in vivo.Conclusion:Our results indicated that DLC1 overexpression markedly suppressed the proliferation and cell cycle progression of PCa cells and negatively correlated with ROCK expression in PCa cells and tissue.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.21674078,21774091,and 21574096).
文摘Inspired by the eccentricity design of self-driven disks,we propose a computational model to study the remarkable behavior of this kind of active matter via Langevin dynamics simulations.We pay attention to the effect of rotational friction coefficient and rotational noise on the phase behavior.A homogeneous system without rotational noise exhibits a sharp discontinuous transition of orientational order from an isotropic to a polar state with the increase of rotational friction coefficient.When there is rotational noise,the transition becomes continuous.The formation of polar state originates from the effective alignment effect due to the mutual coupling of the positional and orientational degrees of freedom of each disk.The rotational noise could weaken the alignment effect and cause the large spatial density inhomogeneity,while the translational noise homogenizes the system.Our model makes further conceptual progress on how the microscopic interaction among self-driven agents yields effective alignment.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (Grant No. BK20190953)。
文摘A partially coherent beam called a radially polarized multi-Gaussian Schell-model power-exponent-phase vortex beam is introduced. Both the analytical formula of the beam propagating through the high-numerical-aperture objective lens based on the vectorial diffraction theory, and the cross-spectral density matrix of the beam in the focal region are derived. Then,the tight focusing characteristics of the partially coherent radially polarized power-exponent-phase vortex beam are studied numerically, and the intensity distribution, degree of polarization and coherence of the beams in the focusing region with different topological charge, power order, beam index and coherence width are analyzed in detail. The results show that the contour of the spot becomes clearer and smoother with the increase in the beam index, and the focal fields of different structures that include the flattened beam can be obtained by changing the coherence width. In addition, by changing the topological charge and power order, the intensity can gather to a point along the ring. These unique properties will have potential applications in particle capture and manipulation, especially in the manipulation of irregular particles.
基金Project(2011DFR50950)supported by the International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of ChinaProject(51971183)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0594)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China。
文摘采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和拉伸试验机研究厚度为105 mm 5083铝合金热轧板的显微组织与力学性能,解释厚板力学性能不均匀性中存在的三大特征问题。结果表明:轧板厚度方向力学性能具有不均匀性,从表面到中心强度呈倒"N"形变化,伸长率呈半"U"形变化。在靠近表面的一个特殊层(第2层)上发现若干个由长纤维状晶粒(LFG)和短纤维状晶粒带(SFGB)构成的相似结构单元,这种长纤维状晶粒和短纤维状晶粒带的交替层状分布有利于通过分散集中在两者之间晶界线(BL)上的塑性变形来提高塑性。但是,在热轧过程中两种不同变形能力的晶粒会引起附加应力的交替分布,致使强度降低。越靠近轧板中心,越容易发生回复而非再结晶,这可能是近中心区域(第4层和第5层)强度存在一个不可忽视的差值的原因。
