Background Early screening of cognitive function is critical to dementia treatment and care.However,traditional tests require face-to-face administration and are often limited by implementation costs and biases.Aims T...Background Early screening of cognitive function is critical to dementia treatment and care.However,traditional tests require face-to-face administration and are often limited by implementation costs and biases.Aims This study aimed to assess whether the Thoven Cognitive Self-Assessment(TCSA),a novel,innovative two-step touchscreen-based cognition assessment tool,could identify early cognitive impairment due to dementia in older adults.Methods The TCSA was administered to 61 healthy controls(HCs),46 participants with mild cognitive impairment(MCI)and 44 participants diagnosed with dementia recruited from Shanghai.Two outcome measures were generated from the TCSA test:the TCSA_(primary task)score and the TCSA_(secondary task)score.Results The total average scores in the control group for the TCSA_(primary task)and TCSA_(secondary task)were significantly higher than those in the MCI and dementia groups(TCSA_(primary task):HCs vs MCI group vs dementia group,8.58±1.76 vs 5.40±2.67 vs 2.74±2.11,F=75.40,p<0.001;TCSA_(secondary task):HCs vs MCI group vs dementia group,23.02±3.31 vs 17.95±4.93 vs 11.93±5.50,F=76.46,p<0.001).Moreover,receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that a score below 7.5 for the TCSA_(primary task)and a score below 22.5 for the TCSA_(secondary task)were indicators of MCI.Conclusions The TCSA appears to be efficacious for the detection of cognitive impairment in older adults.It demonstrates the potential for large-scale cognition screening in community service settings.展开更多
我国现役超超临界(Ultra-supercritical,USC)火电机组锅炉受热面管系中有大量由铁素体耐热钢与镍基合金/奥氏体耐热钢构成的异种钢焊接接头(Dissimilar metal welded joints,DMWJs)。生产实践表明,大量的DMWJs在服役7万~10万h后发生早...我国现役超超临界(Ultra-supercritical,USC)火电机组锅炉受热面管系中有大量由铁素体耐热钢与镍基合金/奥氏体耐热钢构成的异种钢焊接接头(Dissimilar metal welded joints,DMWJs)。生产实践表明,大量的DMWJs在服役7万~10万h后发生早期失效,使用寿命远低于设计寿命30年或20万h。DMWJs早期开裂事故的频发,不仅对机组的安全运行造成极大危害,而且给发电企业带来了巨大的经济损失和负面的社会影响,同时也反映了当前对异种钢焊接,尤其是DMWJs高温服役性能的认识仍存在不足。为深入解析DMWJs的早期失效原因,回顾并总结了国内外近20年对9-12%Cr钢/镍基合金、9-12%Cr钢/奥氏体耐热钢DMWJs在高温蠕变、高温疲劳等高温力学性能方面的研究结果;分别从环境温度、加载应力、DMWJs的热力学特性、焊接残余应力、微观组织演变等方面,总结了不同因素对DMWJs高温断裂模式和断裂特征的影响,详细阐述了DMWJs在高温蠕变和疲劳条件下的断裂机理,归纳了当前较流行的高温断裂损伤物理模型及其发展应用。最后,本文建议了两种较为有效的可改善接头高温力学性能的方法,并对未来的研究方向进行了建议和展望。展开更多
基金This study was funded by Key R&D Program of China(Grant number:2017YFC1310500)Shanghai Municipal Health Commission project(Grant number:202040500)Shanghai public health projects(Grant number:GWV-9.2)。
文摘Background Early screening of cognitive function is critical to dementia treatment and care.However,traditional tests require face-to-face administration and are often limited by implementation costs and biases.Aims This study aimed to assess whether the Thoven Cognitive Self-Assessment(TCSA),a novel,innovative two-step touchscreen-based cognition assessment tool,could identify early cognitive impairment due to dementia in older adults.Methods The TCSA was administered to 61 healthy controls(HCs),46 participants with mild cognitive impairment(MCI)and 44 participants diagnosed with dementia recruited from Shanghai.Two outcome measures were generated from the TCSA test:the TCSA_(primary task)score and the TCSA_(secondary task)score.Results The total average scores in the control group for the TCSA_(primary task)and TCSA_(secondary task)were significantly higher than those in the MCI and dementia groups(TCSA_(primary task):HCs vs MCI group vs dementia group,8.58±1.76 vs 5.40±2.67 vs 2.74±2.11,F=75.40,p<0.001;TCSA_(secondary task):HCs vs MCI group vs dementia group,23.02±3.31 vs 17.95±4.93 vs 11.93±5.50,F=76.46,p<0.001).Moreover,receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that a score below 7.5 for the TCSA_(primary task)and a score below 22.5 for the TCSA_(secondary task)were indicators of MCI.Conclusions The TCSA appears to be efficacious for the detection of cognitive impairment in older adults.It demonstrates the potential for large-scale cognition screening in community service settings.
文摘我国现役超超临界(Ultra-supercritical,USC)火电机组锅炉受热面管系中有大量由铁素体耐热钢与镍基合金/奥氏体耐热钢构成的异种钢焊接接头(Dissimilar metal welded joints,DMWJs)。生产实践表明,大量的DMWJs在服役7万~10万h后发生早期失效,使用寿命远低于设计寿命30年或20万h。DMWJs早期开裂事故的频发,不仅对机组的安全运行造成极大危害,而且给发电企业带来了巨大的经济损失和负面的社会影响,同时也反映了当前对异种钢焊接,尤其是DMWJs高温服役性能的认识仍存在不足。为深入解析DMWJs的早期失效原因,回顾并总结了国内外近20年对9-12%Cr钢/镍基合金、9-12%Cr钢/奥氏体耐热钢DMWJs在高温蠕变、高温疲劳等高温力学性能方面的研究结果;分别从环境温度、加载应力、DMWJs的热力学特性、焊接残余应力、微观组织演变等方面,总结了不同因素对DMWJs高温断裂模式和断裂特征的影响,详细阐述了DMWJs在高温蠕变和疲劳条件下的断裂机理,归纳了当前较流行的高温断裂损伤物理模型及其发展应用。最后,本文建议了两种较为有效的可改善接头高温力学性能的方法,并对未来的研究方向进行了建议和展望。
