Electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) is a promising route to harvest high-purity hydrogen(H_(2)).Efficient and selective energy transformations rely on the development of novel catalytic materials in terms...Electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) is a promising route to harvest high-purity hydrogen(H_(2)).Efficient and selective energy transformations rely on the development of novel catalytic materials in terms of compositions and structures that survive under harsh conditions.This study focuses on a unique nanostructured CoMoS_(3) catalyst for HER under strong acidic and basic electrolyte.The morphologies of the catalysts are fine-tuned by altering reaction times in a hydrothermal reaction.Limited reaction time generates twisted thin-sheet CoMoS_(3)(12 h),which spins into a nanotube with an extended synthetic time(16 h).As the reaction time increases to 20 h,the CoMoS_(3) composite creates open-ended nanotubes,facilitating reactants to penetrate and react actively in the inner space of the nanotubes.Further,prolonged reaction time(24 h) results in the formation of the close-ended CoMoS_(3) nanotubes.We find out that the open-ended structure plays an important role in achieving fast kinetics as well as creating more active sites in HER reaction.The catalyst delivers a profound performance under both acidic and basic conditions,with overpotentials of 93 mV and 115 mV(at a current density of 10 mA/cm^(2)) in the acidic and basic electrolytes,respectively.Moreover,it shows superior long-term durability in both solutions.This work will provide a great foundation for understanding the morphology effect with the same composited catalyst towards energy conversion reactions,not limited to HER.展开更多
Diabetic wound is a great threat to patient’s health and lives.The refractory diabetic wound shows spatial inflammation patterns,in which the early-wound pattern depicts a deprived acute inflammatory response,and the...Diabetic wound is a great threat to patient’s health and lives.The refractory diabetic wound shows spatial inflammation patterns,in which the early-wound pattern depicts a deprived acute inflammatory response,and the long-term non-healing wound pattern delineates an excessive and persistent inflammation due to the delayed immune cell infiltration in a positive feedback loop.In this work,we give points to some strategies to normalize the dysregulated immune process based on the spatial inflammation pattern differences in diabetic wound healing.First of all,inhibiting inflammatory response to avoid subsequent persistent and excessive immune infiltration for the early diabetic wound is proposed.However,diabetic wounds are unperceptive trauma that makes patients miss the best treatment time.Therefore,we also introduce two strategies for the long-term non-healing diabetic wound.One strategy is about changing chronic wounds to acute ones,which aims to rejuvenate M1 macrophages in diabetic wounds and make spontaneous M2 polarization possible.To activate the controllable proinflammatory response,western medicine delivers proinflammatory molecules while traditional Chinese medicine develops“wound-pus promoting granulation tissue growth theory”.Another strategy to solve long-term non-healing wounds is seeking switches that target M1/M2 transition directly.These investigations draw a map that delineates strategies for enhancing diabetic wound healing from the perspective of spatial inflammation patterns systematically.展开更多
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51971197 and 51771164)the National Science Foundation of Hebei Province(E2019203161 and E2018203117)。
文摘Electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) is a promising route to harvest high-purity hydrogen(H_(2)).Efficient and selective energy transformations rely on the development of novel catalytic materials in terms of compositions and structures that survive under harsh conditions.This study focuses on a unique nanostructured CoMoS_(3) catalyst for HER under strong acidic and basic electrolyte.The morphologies of the catalysts are fine-tuned by altering reaction times in a hydrothermal reaction.Limited reaction time generates twisted thin-sheet CoMoS_(3)(12 h),which spins into a nanotube with an extended synthetic time(16 h).As the reaction time increases to 20 h,the CoMoS_(3) composite creates open-ended nanotubes,facilitating reactants to penetrate and react actively in the inner space of the nanotubes.Further,prolonged reaction time(24 h) results in the formation of the close-ended CoMoS_(3) nanotubes.We find out that the open-ended structure plays an important role in achieving fast kinetics as well as creating more active sites in HER reaction.The catalyst delivers a profound performance under both acidic and basic conditions,with overpotentials of 93 mV and 115 mV(at a current density of 10 mA/cm^(2)) in the acidic and basic electrolytes,respectively.Moreover,it shows superior long-term durability in both solutions.This work will provide a great foundation for understanding the morphology effect with the same composited catalyst towards energy conversion reactions,not limited to HER.
基金Support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31922041,11932012,32171341)National key research and development program(2021YFB3800800)+1 种基金the 111 project(B14018)the Science and Technology Innovation Project and Excellent Academic Leader Project of Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(21S31901500,21XD1421100)are acknowledged.
文摘Diabetic wound is a great threat to patient’s health and lives.The refractory diabetic wound shows spatial inflammation patterns,in which the early-wound pattern depicts a deprived acute inflammatory response,and the long-term non-healing wound pattern delineates an excessive and persistent inflammation due to the delayed immune cell infiltration in a positive feedback loop.In this work,we give points to some strategies to normalize the dysregulated immune process based on the spatial inflammation pattern differences in diabetic wound healing.First of all,inhibiting inflammatory response to avoid subsequent persistent and excessive immune infiltration for the early diabetic wound is proposed.However,diabetic wounds are unperceptive trauma that makes patients miss the best treatment time.Therefore,we also introduce two strategies for the long-term non-healing diabetic wound.One strategy is about changing chronic wounds to acute ones,which aims to rejuvenate M1 macrophages in diabetic wounds and make spontaneous M2 polarization possible.To activate the controllable proinflammatory response,western medicine delivers proinflammatory molecules while traditional Chinese medicine develops“wound-pus promoting granulation tissue growth theory”.Another strategy to solve long-term non-healing wounds is seeking switches that target M1/M2 transition directly.These investigations draw a map that delineates strategies for enhancing diabetic wound healing from the perspective of spatial inflammation patterns systematically.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32192462,32192460)the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund(2020RC009)the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University(1201-00109017).