Screening proteins that interact with mutant superoxide dismutase 1 from familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using a yeast two-hybrid system

The present study screened a human fetal brain cDNA library to find the proteins that interact with mutant superoxide dismutase 1 （SOD1） using a yeast two-hybrid system. Using BLAST software, 15 real proteins which interacted with mutant SOD1 were obtained, including 8 known proteins （protein tyrosine-phosphatase non-receptor type 2, TBCl D4, protein kinase family, splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 2, SRC protein tyrosine kinase Fyn, β-sarcoglycan; glycine receptor a2, microtubule associated protein/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 1, ferritin H chain）, and 7 unknown proteins. Results demonstrated interaction of mutant SOD1 with microtubule associated protein/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 1 and β-sarcoglycan.

The efficacy and safety of endovascular recanalization of occluded large cerebral arteries during the subacute phase of cerebral infarction:a case series report

background Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator with or without mechanical thrombectomy during the acute phase are approved therapies for ischaemic stroke.Due to the short treatment time window(<6 hours)and often treatment failure,these patients would still have an intracranial arterial occlusion(IAO).It is unclear whether these patients can benefit from subsequent interventional recanalizationof their occluded artery in the subacute phase.In this retrospective study,we have examined the efficacy and safety in patients who have received either percutaneous transluminal angioplasty(PTA)or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting(PTAS)for IAO in the subacute phase of their stroke.Methods Patients with subacute symptomatic ischaemic stroke caused by IAO were assessed to identify the responsible artery and low perfusion areas by CT angiography,MR angiography or digital subtraction angiography.In eligible patients,a PTA or PTAS was performed to reopen the occluded artery.Regular antithrombotic therapy,use of statins,control of risk factors and rehabilitation therapy were prescribed after the procedure.All patients had regular follow-up up to 12 months.results PTA or PTAS was performed in 16 patients with cerebral infarction caused by IAO in the subacute phase.After the procedure,12 cases were recanalized,two were partially recanalized and two failed to open.One patient with left C6 segment occlusion of the carotid artery had a central retinal artery embolism after PTAS.The perioperative adverse events were 6.25%.At 3 months,the distribution of modified Rankin scale scores was 0(seven cases),1(three cases),2(five cases)and 3(one case).conclusion Selective PTA or PTAS could be performed in ischaemic stroke patients with a small infarct size and large area of hypoperfusion from an occluded large cerebral artery after the acute phase.It may improve neurological dysfunction and reduce the incidence of disability.

Stenting for symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis in China:1-year outcome of a multicentre registry study

background and purpose A multicentre prospective registry study of individually tailored stenting for a patient with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis(ICAS)combined with poor collaterals in China showed that the short-term safety and efficacy of stenting was acceptable.However,it remained uncertain whether the low event rate could be of a long term.We reported the 1-year outcome of this registry study to evaluate the long-term efficacy of individually tailored stenting for patients with severe symptomatic ICAS combined with poor collaterals.Methods Patients with symptomatic ICAS caused by 70%-99% stenosis located at the intracranial internal carotid,middle cerebral,intracranial vertebral or basilar arteries combined with poor collaterals were enrolled.Balloon-mounted stent or balloon plus self-expanding stent were selected based on the ease of vascular access and lesion morphology determined by the operators.The primary outcome was the rate of 30-day stroke,transient ischaemic attack and death,and 12-month ischaemic stroke within the same vascular territory,haemorrhagic stroke and vascular death after stenting.results From September 2013 to January 2015,300 patients(ages 58.3±9.78 years)were recruited.Among them,159 patients were treated with balloon-mounted stent and 141 with balloon plus self-expanding stent.During the 1-year follow-up,25 patients had a primary end point event.The probability of primary outcome at 1 year was 8.1%(95% CI 5.3% to 11.7%).In 76 patients with digital subtraction angiography follow-up,27.6%(21/76)had re-stenosis≥50% and 18.4%(14/76)had re-stenosis≥70%.No baseline characteristic was associated with the primary outcome.Conclusion The event rate remains low over 1 year of individually tailored stenting for patients with severe symptomatic ICAS combined with poor collaterals.Further randomised trial of comparing individually tailored stenting with best medical therapy is needed.

Endovascular therapy for Acute ischemic Stroke Trial (EAST): study protocol for a prospective, multicentre control trial in China

Background and purpose:5 recent trials have shown the benefit of endovascular treatment for acute ischaemic stroke(AIS)due to large vessel occlusion of the anterior circulation.This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Solitaire thrombectomy in patients with moderate-to-severe stroke in the Chinese population,which has a high prevalence of intracranial atherosclerosis.Methods and analysis:This multicentre prospective control study will involve 17 stroke centres in China,and plans to recruit 150 patients in the intervention group,and 150 patients in the medical group,in which patients meet enrolment criteria but refuse intervention.Patients with AIS due to large vessel occlusion indicated for treatment with Solitaire stent retriever within 12 hours of symptom onset,and who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria,will be enrolled in this study.The primary efficacy endpoint is functional independence as defined by a modified Rankin Scale(mRS)score≤2 at 90 days or by functional improvement as defined by mRS,using shift analysis.The procedural efficacy endpoint is arterial recanalisation of the occluded target vessel measured by a modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction(mTICI)score equal or superior to 2b right following the use of the study device.The primary safety endpoint is symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage(sICH)within 24±3 hours postprocedure.Ethics and dissemination:The protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee at the coordinating centre and by the local Institutional Review Board of each participating centre.Trial registration number:NCT02350283.