Relationship and improvement strategies between drug nanocarrier characteristics and hemocompatibility:What can we learn from the literature

This article discusses the various blood interactions that may occur with various types of nano drug-loading systems. Nanoparticles enter the blood circulation as foreign objects. On the one hand, they may cause a series of inflammatory reactions and immune reactions, resulting in the rapid elimination of immune cells and the reticuloendothelial system, affecting their durability in the blood circulation. On the other hand, the premise of the drug-carrying system to play a therapeutic role depends on whether they cause coagulation and platelet activation, the absence of hemolysis and the elimination of immune cells. For different forms of nano drug-carrying systems, we can find the characteristics, elements and coping strategies of adverse blood reactions that we can find in previous researches. These adverse reactions may include destruction of blood cells, abnormal coagulation system, abnormal effects of plasma proteins, abnormal blood cell behavior, adverse immune and inflammatory reactions, and excessive vascular stimulation. In order to provide help for future research and formulation work on the blood compatibility of nano drug carriers.

Phospholipid membrane-decorated deep-penetrated nanocatalase relieve tumor hypoxia to enhance chemo-photodynamic therapy

Hypoxia is a serious impediment to current treatments of many malignant tumors.Catalase,an antioxidant enzyme,is capable of decomposing endogenous hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)into oxygen for tumor reoxygenation,but suffered from in vivo instability and limited delivery to deep interior hypoxic regions in tumor.Herein,a deep-penetrated nanocatalase-loading DiIC18(5,DiD)and soravtansine(Cat@PDS)were provided by coating catalase nanoparticles with PEGylated phospholipids membrane,stimulating the structure and function of erythrocytes to relieve tumor hypoxia for enhanced chemophotodynamic therapy.After intravenous administration,Cat@PDS preferentially accumulated at tumor sites,flexibly penetrated into the interior regions of tumor mass and remarkably relieved the hypoxic status in tumor.Notably,the Cat@PDS+laser treatment produced striking inhibition of tumor growth and resulted in a 97.2%suppression of lung metastasis.Thus,the phospholipids membrane-coated nanocatalase system represents an encouraging nanoplatform to relieve tumor hypoxia and synergize the chemophotodynamic cancer therapy.