The effect of two dissolved inorganic salts,cadmium chloride CdCl2 and ammonium chloride NH4Cl,on the excess enthalpy of mixing(HE) of the binary system methanol + benzene measured at 303.15 K using an iso-thermal dis...The effect of two dissolved inorganic salts,cadmium chloride CdCl2 and ammonium chloride NH4Cl,on the excess enthalpy of mixing(HE) of the binary system methanol + benzene measured at 303.15 K using an iso-thermal displacement calorimeter with vapor space is investigated in the present work. Compared to the salt-free system,a decreasing trend in the endothermicity of HE values is significant with the addition of CdCl2 salt but the decrease in the HE values is insignificantly smaller with the addition of NH4Cl salt. The experimental values of the enthalpy of mixing are fitted into a Redlich-Kister equation and the deviations in the values and the parameters are reported. The importance of the solute-solvent interactions and the solvent-solvent interactions are demonstrated from the increasing excess enthalpy of mixing values in the positive direction with the increase of salt concentration.展开更多
Multiple strain sensors are required to identify individual forces/stresses on human joints and recognize how they work together in order to determine the motion’s direction and trajectory.However,current sensors can...Multiple strain sensors are required to identify individual forces/stresses on human joints and recognize how they work together in order to determine the motion’s direction and trajectory.However,current sensors cannot detect and differentiate the individual forces/stresses and their contributions to the motion from the sensors’electrical signals.To address this critical issue,we propose a concept of unimodal tension,bend,shear,and twist strain sensors with piezoelectric poly L-lactic acid films.We then construct an integrated unimodal sensor(i-US)using the unimodal sensors and prove that the i-US can detect and differentiate individual strain modes,such as tensioning,bending,shearing,and twisting in complex motion.To demonstrate the potential impact of unimodal sensors,we design a sleeve and a glove with the i-US that can capture wrist motions and finger movements.Therefore,we expect unimodal strain sensors to provide a turning point in developing motion recognition and control systems.展开更多
基金Supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education,Science and Technology(R11-2005-065)DST-SERC,New Delhi,India(100/IFD/9726/2009-2010 dated 2/2/2010)
文摘The effect of two dissolved inorganic salts,cadmium chloride CdCl2 and ammonium chloride NH4Cl,on the excess enthalpy of mixing(HE) of the binary system methanol + benzene measured at 303.15 K using an iso-thermal displacement calorimeter with vapor space is investigated in the present work. Compared to the salt-free system,a decreasing trend in the endothermicity of HE values is significant with the addition of CdCl2 salt but the decrease in the HE values is insignificantly smaller with the addition of NH4Cl salt. The experimental values of the enthalpy of mixing are fitted into a Redlich-Kister equation and the deviations in the values and the parameters are reported. The importance of the solute-solvent interactions and the solvent-solvent interactions are demonstrated from the increasing excess enthalpy of mixing values in the positive direction with the increase of salt concentration.
基金supported by the EU Horizon 2020 through project ETEXWELD-H2020-MSCA-RISE-2014 (Grant No.644268)the University of Manchester through the UMRI project-Graphene-Smart Textiles E-Healthcare Network (Grant No.AA14512)the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)of UK (Grant EP/V057782/1).
文摘Multiple strain sensors are required to identify individual forces/stresses on human joints and recognize how they work together in order to determine the motion’s direction and trajectory.However,current sensors cannot detect and differentiate the individual forces/stresses and their contributions to the motion from the sensors’electrical signals.To address this critical issue,we propose a concept of unimodal tension,bend,shear,and twist strain sensors with piezoelectric poly L-lactic acid films.We then construct an integrated unimodal sensor(i-US)using the unimodal sensors and prove that the i-US can detect and differentiate individual strain modes,such as tensioning,bending,shearing,and twisting in complex motion.To demonstrate the potential impact of unimodal sensors,we design a sleeve and a glove with the i-US that can capture wrist motions and finger movements.Therefore,we expect unimodal strain sensors to provide a turning point in developing motion recognition and control systems.
