This paper reports the in vitro anti-diabetic profile of certain medicinal plants traditionally used in Eritrea for the management of type 2 diabetes. The crude methanolic extracts and fractions of Meriandra dianthera...This paper reports the in vitro anti-diabetic profile of certain medicinal plants traditionally used in Eritrea for the management of type 2 diabetes. The crude methanolic extracts and fractions of Meriandra dianthera, Aloe camperi, a Polyherb and their fractions were investigated. The in vitro screening of the crude extracts has generally elicited a dose dependent α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition activities. M. dianthera displayed the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50: 0.074 ± 0.032 mg/mL) at the highest concentration tested (0.800 mg/mL) relative to A. camperi, the Polyherb and Acarbose (IC50: 0.37 ± 0.052, 0.56 ± 0.024 and 0.55 ± 0.029 respectively). The α-glucosidase inhibition activities of A. camperi and M. dianthera, except for the Polyherb and Acarbose, were significantly different (P < 0.05) at various ranges of concentrations (0.025 - 0.800 mg/mL). The percentage α-amylase inhibitions of M. dianthera, A. camperi, the Polyherb and Acarbose, at the highest concentrations (0.800 mg/mL), were 78.3%, 15.9%, 16.4%, and 82.9% respectively. A. camperi and the Polyherb displayed lower α-amylase inhibitory activities (IC50: 1.72 ± 0.06 and 2.57 ± 0.07 mg/mL respectively) compared to Acarbose and M. dianthera (IC50: 0.31 ± 0.01 and 0.43 ± 0.02 mg/mL respectively). For the α-amylase inhibition activity, even at lower concentrations (0.025 mg/mL), there were statistically significant differences (P < 0.01) among the values generated for all the extracts. The in vitro anti-diabetic screening of the fractions, at 0.800 mg/ml, displayed characteristic enzyme inhibition activities. Generally, the non-polar fractions showed higher enzyme inhibitory activities compared to the polar fractions. The most bioactive non-polar fractions, thus, were subjected to GC-MS analysis and presented various essential oils, fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) and benzoic acid derivatives in those plants.展开更多
Several studies have been done to isolate probiotic bacteria from different sources. In this present study, an attempt was made to isolate, screen and identify potential probiotic bacteria from cattle farm soil in Dib...Several studies have been done to isolate probiotic bacteria from different sources. In this present study, an attempt was made to isolate, screen and identify potential probiotic bacteria from cattle farm soil in Dibrugarh district, Assam, India. At the level of screening, the result showed the isolates designated as DUA4, DUD3 and DUE2 showed a percent survival rate of 75.36, 69.14 and 52.36 respectively at a pH of 2.5. Similarly survival rate of the same isolates in 0.5% bile salt condition was found to be 117.17%, 144.59% and 118.10% for the isolates DUA4, DUD3 and DUE2 respectively. Antimicrobial activity of the isolates towards the indicator organisms tested showed that DUA4 inhibited gram positive organisms while DUD3 showed activity against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. All the three isolates showed activity against L. monocytogenes. Autoaggregation ability of the isolates DUA4, DUD3 and DUE2 was found to be 44.15%, 54.11% and 9.42% respectively. The adhesion ability of the isolates DUD3, DUA4 and DUE2 to xylene was 61.78%, 45.37% and 14.83% respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility test of the isolates showed that the isolates are in general sensitive to antibiotics tested. Phenotypic and genotypic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the isolates DUA4, DUD3 and DUE2 resulted in the identification and designation of the isolate DUA4 as Bacillus spp., DUD3 as Enterococcus faecium and DUE2 as Enterobacter sp. In conclusion, the study has indicated the possibility of isolating potential probiotic bacterial strains from cattle farm soil.展开更多
文摘This paper reports the in vitro anti-diabetic profile of certain medicinal plants traditionally used in Eritrea for the management of type 2 diabetes. The crude methanolic extracts and fractions of Meriandra dianthera, Aloe camperi, a Polyherb and their fractions were investigated. The in vitro screening of the crude extracts has generally elicited a dose dependent α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition activities. M. dianthera displayed the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50: 0.074 ± 0.032 mg/mL) at the highest concentration tested (0.800 mg/mL) relative to A. camperi, the Polyherb and Acarbose (IC50: 0.37 ± 0.052, 0.56 ± 0.024 and 0.55 ± 0.029 respectively). The α-glucosidase inhibition activities of A. camperi and M. dianthera, except for the Polyherb and Acarbose, were significantly different (P < 0.05) at various ranges of concentrations (0.025 - 0.800 mg/mL). The percentage α-amylase inhibitions of M. dianthera, A. camperi, the Polyherb and Acarbose, at the highest concentrations (0.800 mg/mL), were 78.3%, 15.9%, 16.4%, and 82.9% respectively. A. camperi and the Polyherb displayed lower α-amylase inhibitory activities (IC50: 1.72 ± 0.06 and 2.57 ± 0.07 mg/mL respectively) compared to Acarbose and M. dianthera (IC50: 0.31 ± 0.01 and 0.43 ± 0.02 mg/mL respectively). For the α-amylase inhibition activity, even at lower concentrations (0.025 mg/mL), there were statistically significant differences (P < 0.01) among the values generated for all the extracts. The in vitro anti-diabetic screening of the fractions, at 0.800 mg/ml, displayed characteristic enzyme inhibition activities. Generally, the non-polar fractions showed higher enzyme inhibitory activities compared to the polar fractions. The most bioactive non-polar fractions, thus, were subjected to GC-MS analysis and presented various essential oils, fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) and benzoic acid derivatives in those plants.
文摘Several studies have been done to isolate probiotic bacteria from different sources. In this present study, an attempt was made to isolate, screen and identify potential probiotic bacteria from cattle farm soil in Dibrugarh district, Assam, India. At the level of screening, the result showed the isolates designated as DUA4, DUD3 and DUE2 showed a percent survival rate of 75.36, 69.14 and 52.36 respectively at a pH of 2.5. Similarly survival rate of the same isolates in 0.5% bile salt condition was found to be 117.17%, 144.59% and 118.10% for the isolates DUA4, DUD3 and DUE2 respectively. Antimicrobial activity of the isolates towards the indicator organisms tested showed that DUA4 inhibited gram positive organisms while DUD3 showed activity against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. All the three isolates showed activity against L. monocytogenes. Autoaggregation ability of the isolates DUA4, DUD3 and DUE2 was found to be 44.15%, 54.11% and 9.42% respectively. The adhesion ability of the isolates DUD3, DUA4 and DUE2 to xylene was 61.78%, 45.37% and 14.83% respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility test of the isolates showed that the isolates are in general sensitive to antibiotics tested. Phenotypic and genotypic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the isolates DUA4, DUD3 and DUE2 resulted in the identification and designation of the isolate DUA4 as Bacillus spp., DUD3 as Enterococcus faecium and DUE2 as Enterobacter sp. In conclusion, the study has indicated the possibility of isolating potential probiotic bacterial strains from cattle farm soil.
