Efficacy of ripasudil in reducing intraocular pressure and medication score for ocular hypertension with inflammation and corticosteroid

·AIM:To investigate the efficacy of ripasudil,a Rho kinase inhibitor,in reducing intraocular pressure(IOP)and medication scores of anti-glaucoma drugs in patients with ocular hypertension with inflammation and corticosteroid.·METHODS:The study included 11 patients diagnosed with ocular hypertension with inflammation and corticosteroid,all of whom were prescribed ripasudil eye drops and followed up for at least 2y after the initiation of treatment.IOP was measured using a non-contact tonometer before enrollment and at each follow-up visit.The medication score of glaucoma eye drops was calculated for each patient.·RESULTS:The mean IOP(26.4±2.9 mm Hg before treatment)significantly decreased after ripasudil therapy(13.7±3.3 mm Hg at 3mo)and remained stable in the low-teens during the 2-year follow-up period(P<0.0001).A significant decrease in the medication score was observed at 12mo or later after the initiation of ripasudil therapy(P<0.05).Both baseline medication scores and glaucomatous optic disc change rates were significantly higher in the five eyes that required glaucoma surgery during the 2-year observation period than the 10 eyes that did not require surgery.·CONCLUSION:Our results demonstrate the efficacy of ripasudil,in reducing IOP and the medication score over a 2-year treatment period in patients with ocular hypertension with inflammation and corticosteroid.Our findings also suggest that ripasudil could reduce the IOP in uveitic glaucoma patients with both lower baseline medication score and lower glaucomatous optic disc change rate.

使用光学ISL的双层倾斜轨道星座的全球卫星通信网

推荐了光学ISL（卫星间通信链路）链接的未来全球卫星通信网用的双层星座。星座由用于移动和个人卫星通信的较低层卫星及大容量固定卫星通信和馈送链路的较高层卫星构成。光学ISL能够与小型终端进行高容量通信，它被用于所有卫星间数据传送，虽然极轨星座有网络结构简单的优点，但倾斜轨道星座通过选择最合适的轨道倾角，有减少所需卫星数、改善链路性能和对中低高度覆盖的潜力。对使用倾斜轨道的星座的光学ISL特性、覆盖特性和所需要的卫星数进行了评估，并与极轨星座进行了比较。假定每层中3种星座类型均可完成连续双覆盖。对每种星座检查了这些性质的关系和轨道的倾角。也给出了使用倾斜轨道的星座中光学ISL的基本参数。

碳钼钢蠕变石墨化的研究

由于碳钢中的石墨化会导致材料性能的退化,因此应避免碳钢中的石墨化。安全管理标准规定,碳钢和碳钼钢的石墨化发生在698K,但也有一些标准规定,碳钼钢的石墨化发生在738 K以上。然而,最近发现,在673 K时,0.3C钢的蠕变断裂发生了石墨化。在此,我们研究了0.3C、0.2C和0.5Mo钢的蠕变断裂的石墨化行为。结果表明,0.3C和0.2C钢的石墨化发生在指定温度673K以下,0.5Mo钢的石墨化发生在指定温度723K以下。此外,还得到了所有钢的石墨化的时间-温度-析出图(TTP图)。在0.3C和0.5Mo钢中,石墨被证实为细长石墨和球状石墨,而在0.2C钢中,石墨被证实为球状石墨。这表明,细长石墨和球状石墨的形成机理是不同的。高碳含量、高钼含量和高应力有利于长形石墨的形成,而高钼含量对球形石墨的形成有抑制作用。此外,为了准确评估石墨化的风险,必须考虑时间和温度以及应力水平和两种类型石墨的形成机制。