Protists are one of the most diverse and dominant microbial groups and they play critical roles in the soil ecosystem.Although nitrogen fertilizers have a profound impact on protist communities,still less is known abo...Protists are one of the most diverse and dominant microbial groups and they play critical roles in the soil ecosystem.Although nitrogen fertilizers have a profound impact on protist communities,still less is known about how different nitrogen fertilizer types affect protist community composition in different soil types.Here we investigated the effects of six inorganic nitrogen fertilizers(urea,ammonium nitrate,ammonium sulfate,potassium nitrate,ammonium chloride,and diammonium hydrogen phosphate)and an organic fertilizer(a mixture of rice husk and cow manure)on protist community composition in three paddy field soils using a high-throughput sequencing method.The effect of the fertilizers on the functional groups of protists,namely consumers(predators and decomposers),photoautotrophs,and parasites(plant pathogens and animal parasites)was also analyzed.The results showed that nitrogen fertilizers had distinctive effects on the beta diversity of the protists,while we also observed that the same fertilizer had slightly different effects depending on the soil type.Amoebozoa and Rhizaria were the most affected protist taxonomical groups,while predatory protists were the main functional groups that were affected by nitrogen fertilizers.Random forest analysis showed that most of the fertilizer-affected protists were predators,among which Cercozoa was the most affected taxa.In conclusion,our results provide important insights into the impact of nitrogen fertilizers on soil protist communities.展开更多
基金funded by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS)to Asiloglu Rasit(JP22K14804).
文摘Protists are one of the most diverse and dominant microbial groups and they play critical roles in the soil ecosystem.Although nitrogen fertilizers have a profound impact on protist communities,still less is known about how different nitrogen fertilizer types affect protist community composition in different soil types.Here we investigated the effects of six inorganic nitrogen fertilizers(urea,ammonium nitrate,ammonium sulfate,potassium nitrate,ammonium chloride,and diammonium hydrogen phosphate)and an organic fertilizer(a mixture of rice husk and cow manure)on protist community composition in three paddy field soils using a high-throughput sequencing method.The effect of the fertilizers on the functional groups of protists,namely consumers(predators and decomposers),photoautotrophs,and parasites(plant pathogens and animal parasites)was also analyzed.The results showed that nitrogen fertilizers had distinctive effects on the beta diversity of the protists,while we also observed that the same fertilizer had slightly different effects depending on the soil type.Amoebozoa and Rhizaria were the most affected protist taxonomical groups,while predatory protists were the main functional groups that were affected by nitrogen fertilizers.Random forest analysis showed that most of the fertilizer-affected protists were predators,among which Cercozoa was the most affected taxa.In conclusion,our results provide important insights into the impact of nitrogen fertilizers on soil protist communities.
