Xylooligosaccharides(XOS)are mainly derived from lignocellulosic materials,such as rice husk,corn cobs,straw,wheat bran,wheat straw and other grain by-products.XOS have become one of the functional oligosaccharides of...Xylooligosaccharides(XOS)are mainly derived from lignocellulosic materials,such as rice husk,corn cobs,straw,wheat bran,wheat straw and other grain by-products.XOS have become one of the functional oligosaccharides of great concern at home and abroad due to their beneficial functional properties,such as low calorie,high stability,poor digestibility and high performance in proliferating probiotics.At present,the XOS extraction methods from grain byproducts mainly include autohydrolysis,acidolysis and enzymolysis.Among them,autohydrolysis has high requirements for equipment for achieving higher extraction rate and higher purity of products;and acidolysis can cause environmental pollution due to the usage of harmful reagents.Enzymolysis is the most common method for the production of XOS because of its high convenience,high efficiency and no pollution;and the widely used enzyme is the xylanase from Aspergillus niger.Current researches have showed that XOS can be utilized by probiotics such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus to exert prebiotic effects,such as optimizing intestinal flora,promoting intestinal health,improving intestinal barrier,enhancing immune function,improving antioxidant capacity and so on.However,XOS extracted from the grain byproducts contain a large amount of impurities,which limits their industrial application and makes it dif-ficult to control the product quality.Therefore,XOS refining,separation and purification has become the key to their subsequent industrial application.This paper reviewed the current status of XOS extraction technologies from various grain by-products,and also summarized the prebiotic effect of XOS to provide reference for industrial production of XOS and its wide application in prebiotics market,thereby facilitating utilization and development of grain byproducts.展开更多
Previous quasi-static cyclic tests of shear walls,which routinely used an incremental lateral displacement test protocol with a constant axial load,failed to reflect the character of moment-shear force interaction of ...Previous quasi-static cyclic tests of shear walls,which routinely used an incremental lateral displacement test protocol with a constant axial load,failed to reflect the character of moment-shear force interaction of prototype buildings.To study the effect of the moment-shear force interaction on the seismic performance of shear walls,three identical 2-story shear wall specimens with different loading patterns were constructed at 1/2 scale,to represent the lower portion of an 11-story high-rise building,and were tested under reversed cyclic loads.The axial force,shear force and bending moment were simultaneously applied to simulate the effects of gravity loads and earthquake excitations on the prototype.The axial force and bending moment delivered from the upper structure were applied to the top of the specimens by two vertical actuators,and the shear force was applied to the specimens by two horizontal actuators.A mixed force-displacement control test program was adopted to ensure that the bending moment and the lateral shear were increased proportionally.The experimental results show that the moment-shear force interaction had a significant effect on the failure pattern,hysteretic characteristics,ductility and energy dissipation of the specimens.It is recommended that moment-shear force interaction should be considered in the loading condition of RC shear wall substructures cyclic tests.展开更多
Objective:To compare the clinical effects of minimally invasive esophageal cancer radical resection and traditional esophageal cancer radical resection.Methods:200 cases of esophageal cancer radical resection were per...Objective:To compare the clinical effects of minimally invasive esophageal cancer radical resection and traditional esophageal cancer radical resection.Methods:200 cases of esophageal cancer radical resection were performed from July 2014 to July 2017 in our hospital.The cases were divided into experimental group and control group,82 cases in the experimental group and 118 cases in the control group.The experimental group was treated with minimally invasive esophageal cancer radical surgery,and the control group was treated with conventional thoracotomy.Record the comparison between the two groups:(1)surgical conditions,including the time of surgery,intraoperative blood loss,hospitalization time;(2)the number of lymph nodes cleaned;(3)the postoperative control group used conventional thoracotomy,including lung lesions,anastomotic fistula/narrow.Results:The parameters of operation time,intraoperative blood loss,hospitalization time,and number of lymph nodes cleaned in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).In addition to pulmonary infection(p<0.05),there was no significant difference in the incidence of other complications between the experimental group and the control group(p>0.05).Conclusion:Minimally invasive esophageal cancer radical resection and conventional thoracotomy have good clinical effects in the treatment of esophageal cancer.Minimally invasive esophageal cancer radical surgery can effectively reduce intraoperative trauma and postoperative reaction,which is worthy of popularization and application.展开更多
Eukaryotic organisms constantly face a wide range of internal and external factors that cause damage to their DNA.Failure to accurately and efficiently repair these DNA lesions can result in genomic instability and th...Eukaryotic organisms constantly face a wide range of internal and external factors that cause damage to their DNA.Failure to accurately and efficiently repair these DNA lesions can result in genomic instability and the development of tumors(Canela et al.,2017).Among the various forms of DNA damage,DNA doublestrand breaks(DSBs)are particularly harmful.Two major pathways,non-homologous end joining(NHEJ)and homologous recombination(HR),are primarily responsible for repairing DSBs(Katsuki et al.,2020;Li and Yuan,2021;Zhang and Gong,2021;Xiang et al.,2023).NHEJ is an error-prone repair mechanism that simply joins the broken ends together(Blunt et al.,1995;Hartley et al.,1995).展开更多
A well-ordered and spherical LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode material was successfully synthesized from Ni and Mn concentration-gradient precursors via co-precipitation. The crystal structure, morphology and electrochemic...A well-ordered and spherical LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode material was successfully synthesized from Ni and Mn concentration-gradient precursors via co-precipitation. The crystal structure, morphology and electrochemical properties of LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and charge-discharge tests. The material delivered an initial discharge capacity of 174.3 mAh/g at 180 mA/g （1 C rate） between 2.8 and 4.3 V and more than 93.1% of that was retained after 100 cycles. In addition, it also exhibited excellent rate capability, high cut-off voltage and temperature performance.展开更多
Due to its ability of optical sectioning and low phototoxicity,z-stacking light-sheet microscopy has been the tool of choice for in vivo imaging of the zebrafish brain.To image the zebrafish brain with a large field o...Due to its ability of optical sectioning and low phototoxicity,z-stacking light-sheet microscopy has been the tool of choice for in vivo imaging of the zebrafish brain.To image the zebrafish brain with a large field of view,the thickness of the Gaussian beam inevitably becomes several times greater than the system depth of field(DOF),where the fluorescence distributions outside the DOF will also be collected,blurring the image.In this paper,we propose a 3D deblurring method,aiming to redistribute the measured intensity of each pixel in a light-sheet image to in situ voxels by 3D deconvolution.By introducing a Hessian regularization term to maintain the continuity of the neuron dis-tribution and using a modified stripe removal algorithm,the reconstructed z stack images exhibit high contrast and a high signal-to-noise ratio.These performance characteristics can facilitate subsequent processing,such as 3D neuron registration,segmentation,and recognition.展开更多
基金the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2018YFD0401000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31701636).
文摘Xylooligosaccharides(XOS)are mainly derived from lignocellulosic materials,such as rice husk,corn cobs,straw,wheat bran,wheat straw and other grain by-products.XOS have become one of the functional oligosaccharides of great concern at home and abroad due to their beneficial functional properties,such as low calorie,high stability,poor digestibility and high performance in proliferating probiotics.At present,the XOS extraction methods from grain byproducts mainly include autohydrolysis,acidolysis and enzymolysis.Among them,autohydrolysis has high requirements for equipment for achieving higher extraction rate and higher purity of products;and acidolysis can cause environmental pollution due to the usage of harmful reagents.Enzymolysis is the most common method for the production of XOS because of its high convenience,high efficiency and no pollution;and the widely used enzyme is the xylanase from Aspergillus niger.Current researches have showed that XOS can be utilized by probiotics such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus to exert prebiotic effects,such as optimizing intestinal flora,promoting intestinal health,improving intestinal barrier,enhancing immune function,improving antioxidant capacity and so on.However,XOS extracted from the grain byproducts contain a large amount of impurities,which limits their industrial application and makes it dif-ficult to control the product quality.Therefore,XOS refining,separation and purification has become the key to their subsequent industrial application.This paper reviewed the current status of XOS extraction technologies from various grain by-products,and also summarized the prebiotic effect of XOS to provide reference for industrial production of XOS and its wide application in prebiotics market,thereby facilitating utilization and development of grain byproducts.
基金Scientific Research Fund of Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration under Grant No.2019B05the Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.LH2019E098,the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.51878631 and 51678544the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant Nos.2017YFC1500605 and 2018YFC1504602-01。
文摘Previous quasi-static cyclic tests of shear walls,which routinely used an incremental lateral displacement test protocol with a constant axial load,failed to reflect the character of moment-shear force interaction of prototype buildings.To study the effect of the moment-shear force interaction on the seismic performance of shear walls,three identical 2-story shear wall specimens with different loading patterns were constructed at 1/2 scale,to represent the lower portion of an 11-story high-rise building,and were tested under reversed cyclic loads.The axial force,shear force and bending moment were simultaneously applied to simulate the effects of gravity loads and earthquake excitations on the prototype.The axial force and bending moment delivered from the upper structure were applied to the top of the specimens by two vertical actuators,and the shear force was applied to the specimens by two horizontal actuators.A mixed force-displacement control test program was adopted to ensure that the bending moment and the lateral shear were increased proportionally.The experimental results show that the moment-shear force interaction had a significant effect on the failure pattern,hysteretic characteristics,ductility and energy dissipation of the specimens.It is recommended that moment-shear force interaction should be considered in the loading condition of RC shear wall substructures cyclic tests.
文摘Objective:To compare the clinical effects of minimally invasive esophageal cancer radical resection and traditional esophageal cancer radical resection.Methods:200 cases of esophageal cancer radical resection were performed from July 2014 to July 2017 in our hospital.The cases were divided into experimental group and control group,82 cases in the experimental group and 118 cases in the control group.The experimental group was treated with minimally invasive esophageal cancer radical surgery,and the control group was treated with conventional thoracotomy.Record the comparison between the two groups:(1)surgical conditions,including the time of surgery,intraoperative blood loss,hospitalization time;(2)the number of lymph nodes cleaned;(3)the postoperative control group used conventional thoracotomy,including lung lesions,anastomotic fistula/narrow.Results:The parameters of operation time,intraoperative blood loss,hospitalization time,and number of lymph nodes cleaned in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).In addition to pulmonary infection(p<0.05),there was no significant difference in the incidence of other complications between the experimental group and the control group(p>0.05).Conclusion:Minimally invasive esophageal cancer radical resection and conventional thoracotomy have good clinical effects in the treatment of esophageal cancer.Minimally invasive esophageal cancer radical surgery can effectively reduce intraoperative trauma and postoperative reaction,which is worthy of popularization and application.
基金supported by the National Key Research ar d Development Program of China(Nos.2022YFA 1302800 and 2021 YFA 1101000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31961160725,31730021,31971220,32270769,and 32170730)+4 种基金the Fok Ying Tung Education Foundation,the Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities of Zhejiang(No.2021XZZX039)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(No.2023-JC-QN-0942)the Research Fund of Xi'an Jiaotong University(No.YXJLRH2022098)the Research Fund of the Second A filiated Hospital of Xi an Jiaotong University(Nos.2020YJ(ZY TS)546-10Y J(QN)202014),China.
文摘Eukaryotic organisms constantly face a wide range of internal and external factors that cause damage to their DNA.Failure to accurately and efficiently repair these DNA lesions can result in genomic instability and the development of tumors(Canela et al.,2017).Among the various forms of DNA damage,DNA doublestrand breaks(DSBs)are particularly harmful.Two major pathways,non-homologous end joining(NHEJ)and homologous recombination(HR),are primarily responsible for repairing DSBs(Katsuki et al.,2020;Li and Yuan,2021;Zhang and Gong,2021;Xiang et al.,2023).NHEJ is an error-prone repair mechanism that simply joins the broken ends together(Blunt et al.,1995;Hartley et al.,1995).
文摘A well-ordered and spherical LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode material was successfully synthesized from Ni and Mn concentration-gradient precursors via co-precipitation. The crystal structure, morphology and electrochemical properties of LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and charge-discharge tests. The material delivered an initial discharge capacity of 174.3 mAh/g at 180 mA/g （1 C rate） between 2.8 and 4.3 V and more than 93.1% of that was retained after 100 cycles. In addition, it also exhibited excellent rate capability, high cut-off voltage and temperature performance.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(21927813,31570839,31771147,61520106004,61671311,81827809,917502003,91854112)Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(5194026,L172003)National Major Science and Technology Projects of China(2016YFA0500400).
文摘Due to its ability of optical sectioning and low phototoxicity,z-stacking light-sheet microscopy has been the tool of choice for in vivo imaging of the zebrafish brain.To image the zebrafish brain with a large field of view,the thickness of the Gaussian beam inevitably becomes several times greater than the system depth of field(DOF),where the fluorescence distributions outside the DOF will also be collected,blurring the image.In this paper,we propose a 3D deblurring method,aiming to redistribute the measured intensity of each pixel in a light-sheet image to in situ voxels by 3D deconvolution.By introducing a Hessian regularization term to maintain the continuity of the neuron dis-tribution and using a modified stripe removal algorithm,the reconstructed z stack images exhibit high contrast and a high signal-to-noise ratio.These performance characteristics can facilitate subsequent processing,such as 3D neuron registration,segmentation,and recognition.
