城市固废填埋场开挖筛分再利用碳排放评估

本文评估了填埋场开挖筛分再利用的碳排放和碳减排效益,该研究有利于健全我国在城市固废处理领域的碳排放计算体系.首先从流程角度分析,分类整理了每个过程的排放因子和减排因子等参数.其次,选取我国东部某大型城市固废填埋场为研究对象,运用蒙特卡罗模拟进行了分析.结果显示,该填埋场的开挖减排量超过排放量,陈腐垃圾净排放平均值为-235.22kgCO_(2)-eq/t.此外,分析了排放与减排的主要来源,发现轻质物焚烧是排放的主要贡献者,而焚烧产生的电能和热力的回收是减排的主要来源.最后通过参数的敏感性分析,发现能量转化效率和净减排因子对减排结果有显著影响.

调水调沙影响下黄河山东段鱼类群落格局及多样性

文章于2019—2021年调水调沙前后利用多种网具对黄河山东段4个站位开展鱼类资源调查,研究了黄河山东段鱼类群落的种类组成、生态类型、优势种、生物多样性及环境影响因子等。结果表明,山东段共采集鱼类59种,隶属于10目20科,调水前优势种为鲫(Carassius auratus)、鳊(Parabramis pekinensis)、鲤(Cyprinus carpio)、赤眼鳟(Squaliobarbus curriculus)、翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus)、草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)、鲻(Mugil cephalus)、鮻(Liza haematocheilus),调水后优势种为鲫、鳊、鲤、赤眼鳟。多样性指数方面ShannonWiener指数、丰富度指数差异较显著(0.01<P<0.05),均匀度指数差异不显著(P>0.05)。聚类分析表明,调水调沙前后黄河山东段鱼类群落结构在相似水平为45%时可以划分为2组,调水调沙后东阿断面(AH2)与其他断面相比具有较强的差异性;相似水平为60%时可以划分为4组,分别为A组群(AH3、BH3和BH2)、B组群(AH1和BH1)、C组群(AH4和BH4)、D组群(AH2)。SIMPER分析显示,A组群平均相似率为60.66%,特征种包括鳊、翘嘴鲌、赤眼鳟、鮻、似鳊(Pseudobrama simoni)、鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix),B组群平均相似率为66.38%,特征种包括鳊、鲫、鲇(Silurus asotus)、鲤、(Hemiculter leucisculus),C组群平均相似率为68.48%,特征种包括鲤、鲫、翘嘴鲌、鳊、鮻。RDA分析表明径流量、总磷是影响群落结构的主要因子。基于以上结果,研究对比黄河各河段鱼类群落结构特征,分析调水调沙对黄河山东段鱼类群落格局及多样性的影响,发现庞口湾作为鱼类栖息地的重要性并提出保护建议。研究可为黄河山东段渔业资源保护和可持续发展提供理论依据和技术支撑。

Transcriptome analysis suggests broad jejunal alterations in Linghu’s obesity-diarrhea syndrome:A pilot study

BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with a significantly increased risk for chronic diarrhea,which has been proposed as Linghu’s obesity-diarrhea syndrome(ODS);however,its molecular mechanisms are largely unknown.AIM To reveal the transcriptomic changes in the jejunum involved in ODS.METHODS In a cohort of 6 ODS patients(JOD group),6 obese people without diarrhea(JO group),and 6 healthy controls(JC group),high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analyses were performed to identify jejunal mucosal mRNA expression alterations and dysfunctional biological processes.In another cohort of 16 ODS patients(SOD group),16 obese people without diarrhea(SO group),and 16 healthy controls(SC group),serum diamine oxidase(DAO)and D-lactate(DLA)concentrations were detected to assess changes in intestinal barrier function.RESULTS The gene expression profiles of jejunal mucosa in the JO and JC groups were similar,with only 1 differentially expressed gene(DEG).The gene expression profile of the JOD group was significantly changed,with 411 DEGs compared with the JO group and 211 DEGs compared with the JC group,129 of which overlapped.The enrichment analysis of these DEGs showed that the biological processes such as digestion,absorption,and transport of nutrients(especially lipids)tended to be up-regulated in the JOD group,while the biological processes such as rRNA processing,mitochondrial translation,antimicrobial humoral response,DNA replication,and DNA repair tended to be down-regulated in the JOD group.Eight DEGs(CDT1,NHP2,EXOSC5,EPN3,NME1,REG3A,PLA2G2A,and PRSS2)may play a key regulatory role in the pathological process of ODS,and their expression levels were significantly decreased in ODS patients(P<0.001).In the second cohort,compared with healthy controls,the levels of serum intestinal barrier function markers(DAO and D-LA)were significantly increased in all obese individuals(P<0.01),but were higher in the SOD group than in the SO group(P<0.001).CONCLUSION Compared with healthy controls and obese individuals without diarrhea,patients with Linghu’s ODS had extensive transcriptomic changes in the jejunal mucosa,likely affecting intestinal barrier function and thus contributing to the obesity and chronic diarrhea phenotypes.

基于线粒体D-loop区的南四湖和东平湖刀鲚遗传多样性分析

为探讨南四湖(34°26′~35°20′N,116°34′~117°21′E)和东平湖(35°43′~36°7′N,116°2′~116°20′E)刀鲚(Coilia nasus)群体的遗传多样性和系统发育关系,2021年3—5月用刺网采集南四湖(NS)、东平湖(DP)2个湖泊的刀鲚样本,分析两湖刀鲚群体线粒体控制区(D-loop)序列。结果表明:77尾个体共检测到65个变异位点,31个单倍型。南四湖刀鲚群体单倍型多样性为0.8057,核苷酸多样性为0.0059;东平湖刀鲚群体单倍型多样性为0.8193,核苷酸多样性为0.0117。群体总的遗传分化系数Fst(0.1061)和分子方差分析(AMOVA)结果显示,两个群体间遗传分化为中等程度,遗传变异主要来自群体内部。系统发育结果表明,所有单倍型聚为2支,东平湖独有的单倍型Hap2(n=7)、Hap4(n=1)和Hap9(n=1)聚为一支,其他多数个体聚为一支,未显示地理位置与个体间的对应关系。推测东平湖刀鲚群体中少数个体与南四湖群体亲缘关系较远,可能存在其他生态类型。

Bisoprolol reverses down-regulation of potassium channel proteins in ventricular tissues of rabbits with heart failure

Remodeling of ion channels is an important mechanism of arrhythmia induced by heart failure （HF）. We investigated the expression of potassium channel encoding genes in the ventricles of rabbit established by volumeoverload operation followed with pressure-overload. The reversible effect of these changes with bisoprolol was also evaluated. The HF group exhibited left ventricular enlargement, systolic dysfunction, prolongation of corrected QT interval （QTc）, and increased plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels in the HF rabbits. Several potassium channel subunit encoding genes were consistently down-regulated in the HF rabbits. After bisoprolol treatment, heart function was improved significantly and QTc was shortened. Additionally, the mRNA expression of potassium channel subunit genes could be partially reversed. The down-regulated expression of potassium channel subunits Kv4.3, Kv1.4, KvLQT1, minK and Kir 2.1 may contribute to the prolongation of action potential duration in the heart of rabbits induced by volume combined with pressure overload HF. Bisoprolol could partially reverse these down-regulations and improve heart function.

DFF-EDR:An Indoor Fingerprint Location Technology Using Dynamic Fusion Features of Channel State Information and Improved Edit Distance on Real Sequence

Positioning technology based on wireless network signals in indoor environments has developed rapidly in recent years as the demand for locationbased services continues to increase.Channel state information(CSI)can be used as location feature information in fingerprint-based positioning systems because it can reflect the characteristics of the signal on multiple subcarriers.However,the random noise contained in the raw CSI information increases the likelihood of confusion when matching fingerprint data.In this paper,the Dynamic Fusion Feature(DFF)is proposed as a new fingerprint formation method to remove the noise and improve the feature resolution of the system,which combines the pre-processed amplitude and phase data.Then,the improved edit distance on real sequence(IEDR)is used as a similarity metric for fingerprint matching.Based on the above studies,we propose a new indoor fingerprint positioning method,named DFF-EDR,for improving positioning performance.During the experimental stage,data were collected and analyzed in two typical indoor environments.The results show that the proposed localization method in this paper effectively improves the feature resolution of the system in terms of both fingerprint features and similarity measures,has good anti-noise capability,and effectively reduces the localization errors.

酸碱盐胁迫环境下水泥固化重金属污染土的长期性能:现状与展望

土壤和地下水常受到工业、农业、海水和生活污水的影响,存在不同种类的腐蚀性离子。采用水泥基材料固化/稳定化修复重金属污染场地时,这些腐蚀性离子会降低水泥基固化土的性能和重金属的固化效果,长期条件下面临二次污染问题。目前采用水泥基材料的土壤固化研究多集中于新型复合固化剂的研发,对环境胁迫下固化体的耐久性问题需要更多关注。针对环境胁迫下因水泥基固化土劣化引起的工程特性和淋滤特性问题,总结国内外研究现状,系统阐述土—水泥—重金属—胁迫环境之间的相互作用机理,明晰基于酸/碱、盐环境胁迫下水泥基固化土性能演化规律及机制,为重金属污染土壤固化修复效果及耐久性提升的研究提供参考。

Stability and permanent displacements analysis of wasteland during earthquakes

According to the results of experiments on the municipal solid waste (MSW), a series of formula are deduced to calculate the leachate free-faced headline curve. By means of static and dynamic finite element method (FEM), the stability of a wasteland during earthquakes is analyzed. It is demonstrated that the positions of the most dangerous sliding surfaces during earthquakes are fairly stable. Based on the above findings, this paper developed the New-mark method by increasing the precision to reckon the permanent deformation of wastelands during earthquakes. The method presented in the paper is not only of great importance to instruct the anti-seismic design of wasteland, but also valuable to the design of ordinary dams and embankments.

“对口援疆”政策如何促进新疆经济高质量发展?——基于复杂网络视角

“对口援疆”对缩小新疆区域内经济差异、助力脱贫攻坚发挥了重要作用。文章以统计对比和复杂网络分析为方法,探讨“对口援疆”背景下新疆经济高质量发展变化,以社团划分方式刻画各地州市发展相似性,并在此基础上进行回归分析。研究发现,“对口援疆”政策不同程度地促进了新疆各地州市经济高质量发展,但存在区域间联系紧密程度不足、区域发展集聚与扩散能力尚需提升、工业化发展仍处于较低阶段等问题。因此,在“对口援疆”政策实施过程中,应建立促进经济高质量发展的长效机制,探索“对口援疆”新机遇,从“脱贫攻坚”向经济高质量发展转变,共同发挥南疆和北疆各地区经济增长极的辐射能力,提升生产要素的利用效率,为促进新疆经济高质量发展培育新动能。

Repeat peroral endoscopic myotomy with simultaneous submucosal and muscle dissection as a salvage option for recurrent achalasia

BACKGROUND For recurrent achalasia after initial peroral endoscopic myotomy(POEM)failure,repeat POEM(Re-POEM)has been reported as a treatment option.However,severe esophageal interlayer adhesions caused by previous procedures impede the successful establishment of a submucosal tunnel and lead to aborted Re-POEM procedures.Our team previously described POEM with simultaneous submucosal and muscle dissection(POEM-SSMD)as a feasible solution for achalasia with severe interlayer adhesions.AIM To investigate the effectiveness and safety of Re-POEM with simultaneous submucosal and muscle dissection(Re-POEM-SSMD).METHODS A total of 1049 patients with achalasia who underwent successful endoscopic myotomy at the Digestive Endoscopic Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from December 2014 to May 2022 were reviewed.Patients with recurrent achalasia who experienced initial POEM clinical failure were retrospectively included in this study.The primary endpoint was retreatment clinical success,defined as an Eckardt score≤3 during the postretreatment follow-up and no need for additional treatment.Procedure-related adverse events,changes in manometric lower esophageal sphincter(LES)pressure and reflux complications,as well as procedure-related parameters,were recorded.RESULTS Sixteen patients underwent Re-POEM(9 patients)or Re-POEM-SSMD(7 patients)successfully at a median of 45.5 mo(range,4-95 mo)after initial POEM.During a median followup period of 31 mo(range,7-96 mo),clinical success(Eckardt score≤3)was achieved in 8(88.9%)and 6(85.7%)patients after Re-POEM and Re-POEM-SSMD,respectively(P=0.849).The median Eckardt score dropped from 4(range,3-8)at preretreatment to 1(range,0-5)at postretreatment in the Re-POEM group(P=0.025)and from 5(range,2-8)to 2(range,0-4)in the Re-POEM-SSMD group(P<0.001).The mean manometric LES pressure decreased from 23.78±9.04 mmHg to 11.45±5.37 mmHg after Re-POEM(P<0.001)and from 26.80±7.48 mmHg to 11.05±4.38 mmHg after Re-POEM-SSMD(P<0.001).No serious adverse events were recorded in both groups.CONCLUSION In conclusion,Re-POEM-SSMD appears to be a safe and effective salvage therapy for recurrent achalasia with severe interlayer adhesions.

Flare Forecast Model Based on DS-SMOTE and SVM with Optimized Regular Term

The research of flare forecast based on the machine learning algorithm is an important content of space science.In order to improve the reliability of the data-driven model and weaken the impact of imbalanced data set on its forecast performance,we proposes a resampling method suitable for flare forecasting and a Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)-based Support Vector Machine(SVM)regular term optimization method.Considering the problem of intra-class imbalance and inter-class imbalance in flare samples,we adopt the density clustering method combined with the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique(SMOTE)oversampling method,and performs the interpolation operation based on Euclidean distance on the basis of analyzing the clustering space in the minority class.At the same time,for the problem that the objective function used for strong classification in SVM cannot adapt to the sample noise,In this research,on the basis of adding regularization parameters,the PSO algorithm is used to optimize the hyperparameters,which can maximize the performance of the classifier.Finally,through a comprehensive comparison test,it is proved that the method designed can be well applied to the flare forecast problem,and the effectiveness of the method is proved.

Research Progress on Solar Flare Forecast Methods Based on Data-driven Models

Eruption of solar flares is a complex nonlinear process,and the rays and high-energy particles generated by such an eruption are detrimental to the reliability of space-based or ground-based systems.So far,there are not reliable physical models to accurately account for the flare outburst mechanism,but a lot of data-driven models have been built to study a solar flare and forecast it.In the paper,the status of solar-flare forecasting is reviewed,with emphasis on the machine learning methods and data-processing techniques used in the models.At first,the essential forecast factors strongly relevant to solar flare outbursts,such as classification information of the sunspots and evolution pattern of the magnetic field,are reviewed and analyzed.Subsequently,methods of resampling for data preprocessing are introduced to solve the problems of class imbalance in the solar flare samples.Afterwards,typical model structures adopted for flare forecasting are reviewed from the aspects of the single and fusion models,and the forecast performances of the different models are analyzed.Finally,we herein summarize the current research on solar flare forecasting and outline its development trends.

南四湖夏秋季鱼类群落结构特征研究

2020年7月和11月,在淮河流域的南四湖即南阳湖、独山湖、昭阳湖和微山湖(34°60'~35°14'N,116°68'~117°23'E)的上级湖(鲁桥)、湖中(二级坝)和下级湖(韩庄)设置3个采样点,用多网目复合刺网、地笼网、网箔、拦网采集鱼类样本,并定期走访采样点附近的渔船码头、跟随采样点附近的捕捞渔船等现场补充调查,分析和研究该水域鱼类群落的种类组成、生物量、优势种以及生物多样性,为填补南四湖鱼类研究的空白,完善南四湖生态保护内容和渔业持续发展提供基础数据。结果表明,夏秋季该水域共发现鱼类45种,隶属于7目14科34属,包括鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)、鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)、鲫(Carassius auratus)、鲤(Cyprinus carpio)、刀鲚(Coilia nasus)、翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus)等主要经济种类,鲫为绝对优势种,其他优势种类因网具选择性而差异较大。二级坝附近水域多样性指数最高,鲁桥次之,韩庄最低。区域因子多重比较结果显示,二级坝湖区多样性指数显著高于其他湖区(P<0.05)。各网具渔获物总量看,二级坝与其他2个湖区差异显著(P<0.05);韩庄和鲁桥差异不显著(P>0.05)。7月CPUE高于11月,差异不显著(P>0.05)。根据主要物种的生物量聚类,南四湖鱼类群落可划分为2组,A组群(二级坝调查点)、B组群(鲁桥、韩庄调查点),这二个组群的平均相似率较高,达77.13%,刀鲚的差异贡献率较高。

中国数字贸易发展水平测算与动态演进分析

文章从网络基础设施、技术水平、贸易方式、贸易能力和贸易潜力五个维度构建数字贸易发展评价指标体系,基于2013—2020年31个省份的面板数据,采用熵权法测算数字贸易发展水平,并运用Dagum基尼系数、核密度估计和空间Markov链对中国数字贸易发展的区域差异及分布动态进行研究。结果显示:(1)中国数字贸易发展水平整体偏低,可提升空间较大,中国数字贸易发展呈现沿海地区水平偏高、内陆次之、沿边地区水平较低的非均衡态势。(2)区域间差异是中国数字贸易发展水平差异的主要来源。(3)三大地区数字贸易发展目前均存在一定程度的梯度效应和极化问题。(4)数字贸易发展类型的动态转移在地理上并非孤岛,存在一定的“极化效应”和“涓滴效应”。

制度环境与金融集聚——基于“丝绸之路经济带”沿线九省区的经验数据

在厘清金融集聚内涵的基础之上,根据现代金融业的四大支柱——银行业、证券业、保险业和信托业来梳理金融集聚能力的测度逻辑并构建评价指标体系,采用相关系数法、变异系数法、熵权法和CRITIC法组合赋权,测算了2007—2018年“丝绸之路经济带”沿线省份金融集聚能力总指数和银行业、证券业、保险业、信托业集聚能力分指数,进而分析其演化特征。基于测度结果,运用面板模型探讨了制度环境对“丝绸之路经济带”沿线省份金融集聚能力的影响。研究发现:(1)沿线九省份金融集聚能力普遍偏低,四川和陕西的金融集聚能力相对较高,甘肃、宁夏和青海则一直处于沿线省份平均水平之下;(2)四川的银行业、证券业、保险业和信托业集聚指数均遥遥领先,陕西的银行业集聚指数和信托业集聚指数排名第二,云南的证券业集聚指数排名第二,重庆的保险业集聚指数排名第二;(3)同理论分析一致,制度环境显著促进了金融集聚水平的提高,且制度环境对金融集聚的影响存在地区异质性。

竖井抽水下垃圾填埋场渗滤液运移规律研究

城市固废由于组成成分的多样性及分层填埋等原因,导致渗滤液运移存在明显的优先流及各向异性现象。在成都某填埋场开展多口竖井抽水及水位恢复试验,同时结合高密度电法技术（ERT）现场大尺度研究渗滤液分布及运移规律。多口竖井水位恢复试验显示填埋体内渗滤液运移具有明显的不均质性,表现为同一填埋场不同位置的竖井抽排性能差异较大,竖井周围垃圾渗透系数值分布范围为2.35×10-5-3.90×10-4 cm/s。竖井抽水下周围监测井的水位异常变化表明渗滤液补给存在明显优先流特征。ERT监测渗滤液抽水及回灌过程中堆体内电阻率变化,进一步揭示了现场渗流存在显著的各向异性和优先流特征,主要渗流路径与水平向呈0-30°。

陈垃圾滚筒筛运动模式与筛分效率优化

推导陈垃圾在滚筒筛中的运动方程并求数值解,按最大位置角将陈垃圾运动模式划分成滚落、抛落、圆周运动,给出不同筛筒转速、半径、动摩擦因数下的运动模式判别云图.滚筒筛试验结果显示,陈垃圾运动的最大位置角随转速的升高先增大后不变,转速超过50 r/min后垃圾进行圆周运动.陈垃圾滚筒筛的筛分效率随转速增大呈先升后降的趋势,随抛落差的增大呈持续上升的趋势,随着原料水的质量分数的增加呈下降的趋势.基于试验结果,给出滚筒筛最优转速取值云图,在实际工程中可根据垃圾动摩擦因数及滚筒半径选择最优转速,同时减小水的质量分数以提高筛分效率.

垃圾填埋场生化降解指标测试及液气产量评估

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