Acute kidney injury:microRNAs and new therapeutic opportunities for natural products

In the past few decades,acute kidney injury(AKI),characterized by an abrupt decrease in kidney filtration rate,has become a public health issue affecting between 1%and 15%of the population,which causes high morbidity and death.There is mounting evidence that miRNAs are noncoding single-stranded RNAs with a short length of about 20 nucleotides and have been highly conserved through evolution.Through targeting mRNAs,miRNA may mediate intercellular communication during AKI’s physiological and pathological processes.It is interesting to note that natural products can improve AKI by regulating miRNA expression,which might represent a potentially innovative therapeutic strategy.This review aims at providing an overview of the new data obtained on miRNAs in the treatment and diagnosis of AKI,summarizing studies on natural products improving AKI through regulating miRNAs’expression;in the same time,it will shed new light on AKI risk biomarkers and therapeutic intervention as well.We summarized the roles of miRNAs involved in AKI progression or protection against renal injury in 32 articles;we found five natural products can improve AKI by regulating miRNA expression,which will potentially provide a reference for clinical treatment.Natural products might represent a potentially innovative therapeutic strategy;in the same time,miRNAs will shed new light on AKI risk biomarkers and therapeutic intervention.

miRNA-30b调控ITGB3表达促进乳腺癌细胞凋亡

目的:探讨微小RNA-30b(microRNA-30b,miRNA-30b)和整合素β3(integrinβ3,ITGB3)在乳腺癌组织中的表达及对乳腺癌细胞生物学行为的影响。方法:选择2016年3月至2019年3月于成都医学院第一附属医院收治的144例包括原位、浸润性和转移性乳腺癌患者的组织标本以及其癌旁组织,同时收集其临床病理资料。采用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-PCR)检测miRNA-30b和ITGB3的表达。构建miRNA-30b高表达的miRNA-30b模拟物和ITGB3高表达的miRNA-30b模拟物-pc DNA3.1-ITGB3,转染乳腺癌MCF-7细胞,同时将转染后的细胞皮下注射至小鼠体内。5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷(BrdU)实验、流式细胞术、Transwell小室侵袭实验检测细胞增殖、凋亡、侵袭,Western blot检测细胞中的ITGB3表达。结果:RT-PCR结果显示,原位、浸润性和转移性乳腺癌组织中的miRNA-30b相对表达量分别为0.75、0.52和0.23,ITGB3 mRNA分别为2.17、3.76和5.43,与正常组织相比,差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。miRNA-30b高表达后,BrdU、流式细胞术、Transwell小室侵袭实验、Western blot检测结果显示,癌细胞的增殖、侵袭能力以及ITGB3表达明显降低,凋亡率升高(均P<0.001)。结论:在乳腺癌组织中miRNA-30b和ITGB3表达异常,miRNA-30b过表达能明显下调ITGB3表达,抑制乳腺癌细胞的增殖、侵袭,并促使其凋亡。

Study on the Relationship between Wine Culture and People s Quality of Life

Taking wine culture and quality of life as the research object,this paper analyzes the relationship between wine culture and quality of life.The research data were collected by questionnaire survey online,and a total of 315 valid questionnaires were collected.And then the software SPSS 21.0 is used for descriptive analysis and regression analysis.The results show that among the 12 hypotheses of the three dimensions of wine culture to the four dimensions of quality of life,9 hypotheses are valid and 3 hypotheses are not.This study is helpful for people to clearly understand the influence and mechanism of wine culture on the quality of life.

Heavy Metal Emission Characteristics of Urban Road Runoff

Pavement runoff sampling points were set up on the main roads of Chengdu city.Six rainfall-runoff events from July to September in 2017 were sampled by synchronous observation of rainfall,runoff and pollution.The concentration changes of copper,lead,zinc,chromium and cadmium in the runoff process were monitored,and the pollution emission regularity and initial scouring effect were studied.The results show that the emission regularity of pavement runoff pollution is closely related to rainfall characteristics and pollutant occurrence,and the concentration of dissolved heavy metals reaches its peak at the initial stage of runoff.The peak time of particulate heavy metal concentration lagged slightly behind that of rainfall intensity.There is a big difference between the strength of initial scouring degree and dissolved heavy metals the stronger the initial scouring degree of total heavy metals,the weaker the dissolved heavy metals.Reducing pavement runoff in the early stage of rainfall is an effective means to control heavy metal pollution.

Discovery and evaluation of a novel 18F-labeled vasopressin 1a receptor PET ligand with peripheral binding specificity

The arginine-vasopressin(AVP)hormone plays a pivotal role in regulating various physiological processes,such as hormone secretion,cardiovascular modulation,and social behavior.Recent studies have highlighted the V1a receptor as a promising therapeutic target.In-depth insights into V1a receptor-related pathologies,attained through in vivo imaging and quantification in both peripheral organs and the central nervous system(CNS),could significantly advance the development of effective V1a inhibitors.To address this need,we develop a novel V1a-targeted positron emission tomography(PET)ligand,[18F]V1A-2303([18F]8),which demonstrates favorable in vitro binding affinity and selectivity for the V1a receptor.Specific tracer binding in peripheral tissues was also confirmed through rigorous cell uptake studies,autoradiography,biodistribution assessments.Furthermore,[18F]8 was employed in PET imaging and arterial blood sampling studies in healthy rhesus monkeys to assess its brain permeability and specificity,whole-body distribution,and kinetic properties.Our research indicated[18F]8 as a valuable tool for noninvasively studying V1a receptors in peripheral organs,and as a foundational element for the development of next-generation,brain-penetrant ligands specifically designed for the CNS.

Ginsenoside Rb1 inhibits oxidative stress-induced ovarian granulosa cell injury through Akt-FoxO1 interaction

Ginsenoside Rb1 shows a strong antioxidant effect and has potential activation effects on Akt.The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of Rb1 on age-related ovarian granulosa cell injury.Ovarian granulosa cells(GCs)were obtained from 50 young women(≤30 years)and 50 aged women(≥38 years)at an IVF center.Young and aged ICR mice were administered with or without Rb1(10 mg kg^(-1),i.p.)for 2 weeks.The protective effects of Rb1 were investigated and the role of Rb1 on the modulation of Akt-FoxO1 interaction was determined with immunofluorescence,Western blotting,immunoprecipitation,si RNA silencing and pharmacological inhibitor.Rb1 effectively decreased LDH and MDA,and reversed the apoptotic-related protein levels in h GL cells from old patients.Similar results were found in mice.In addition,the mitochondrial membrane potential was restored and the overaccumulation of ROS was reversed by Rb1.Rb1 preserved peroxide-impaired Akt activation,to some extent,by increasing phosphorylation at Ser473.Rb1 also facilitated p-Akt binding to FoxO1 and promoted the phosphorylation of FoxO1.Si RNA silencing of Akt,Akt inhibitor LY294002,and FoxO1 inhibitor AS1842856 attenuated the effects of Rb1.Ginsenoside Rb1 inhibits age-related GCs oxidative damage by activating Akt phosphorylation at Ser473 and by further interaction with FoxO1.

RELATIVE LEVELS OF INDOOR AND OUTDOOR PARTICLE NUMBER CONCENTRATIONS IN A RESIDENTIAL BUILDING IN XI'AN

The time series of indoor and outdoor particle number concentrations in a naturally ventilated residential building in Xi＇an were tested simultaneously for 7 days in summer. The relationships between indoor and outdoor concentrations were examined and discussed, and linear regression analysis was employed to correlate the indoor and outdoor concentrations. The diurnal cycles of indoor and outdoor particle concentrations of different particle size ranges all showed positive correlations between indoor and outdoor number concentrations, The I/O ratios of number concentrations varied with the increase of particle size in the range of 0.89 （±0.19） to 0.99 （±0.15）.

Analysis of the factors influencing the airflow behavior in an impinging jet ventilation room

A validated CFD model is employed to predict the airflow behavior in an impinging jet ventilation(IJV)room with cool,isothermal or warm jets.By using the numerical results,the influences of jet discharge height,supply grille shape and room height on the jet flow behavior as well as the draught discomfort are analyzed for IJV operating in heating scenarios.The results indicate that the warm supply jet of IJV rises upward to the ceiling after spreading along the floor for a certain distance due to thermal buoyancy,resulting in a limited dispersion area,while the cool and isothermal jets of IJV always spread along the whole floor.When IJV is used for space heating,the lower the jet discharge height,the farther the supply air spreads along the floor,and the supply grille shape and room height almost have no effect on the air dispersion area.The results also show that the energy-efficient advantage of IJV in its heating mode compared to the mixing ventilation(MV)system is more remarkable in higher rooms.Moreover,there is a risk of draught discomfort in IJV heating rooms and it is recommended to wear socks to avoid this discomfort.

Aerosol transportation in horizontal channels w让h gravitational effects

Aerosol particle deposition in a narrow horizontal channel with gravitational effects is studied in the laminar flow regime. A general explic让 solution for predicting the aerosol transportation in the channel is obtained theoretically. The characteristics of the asymmetric concentratio n profiles and their dependence on gravitational settling are analyzed for different settings of the diffusion and sedimentation parameters. Aerosol deposition on the channel walls, which is influenced by a combination of mechanisms, is also analyzed. The results are compared with those from simplified models obtained in previous studies in which only diffusion or gravity was considered. The analysis reveals that the literature results regarding this aspect may be simplified with the present solution under specific conditions.