High-efficiency electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)offers a promising strategy to address energy and environmental crisis.Platinum is the most effective electrocatalyst for the HER.However,challenging sca...High-efficiency electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)offers a promising strategy to address energy and environmental crisis.Platinum is the most effective electrocatalyst for the HER.However,challenging scarcity,valuableness,and poor electrochemical stability still hinder its wide application.Here,we designed an outstanding HER electrocatalyst,highly dispersed rhodium(Rh)nanoparticles with an average diameter of only 3 nm supported on boron(B)nanosheets.The HER catalytic activity is even comparable to that of commercial platinum catalysts,with an overpotential of only 66 mV in 0.5 M H_(2)SO_(4) and 101 mV in 1 M KOH to reach the current density of 10 mA cm−2.Meanwhile,the catalyst exhibited impressive electrochemical durability during long-term electrochemical processes in acidic and alkaline media,even the simu-lated seawater environment.Theoretical calculations unraveled that the structure-activity relationship between B(104)crystal plane and Rh(111)crystal plane is beneficial to the release of hydrogen,and surface O plays a vital role in the catalysis process.Our work may gain insights into the development of supported metal catalysts with robust catalytic performance through precise engineering of the strong metal-supported interaction effect.展开更多
Spinal cord injury(SCI)often causes severe functional impairment of body,which leads to a huge burden to the patient and the whole society.Many strategies,especially biomaterials,have been employed for SCI repair.Amon...Spinal cord injury(SCI)often causes severe functional impairment of body,which leads to a huge burden to the patient and the whole society.Many strategies,especially biomaterials,have been employed for SCI repair.Among various biomaterials,injectable hydrogels have attracted much attention because of their ability to load functional components and be injected into the lesioned area without surgeries.In this review,we summarize the recent progress in injectable hydrogels for SCI repair.We firstly introduce the pathophysiology of SCI,which reveals the mechanism of clinical manifestations and determines the therapeutic schedule.Then,we describe the original sources of polymers and the crosslinking manners in forming hydrogels.After that,we focus on the in vivo therapeutic strategies and effects of injectable hydrogels.Finally,the recent challenges and future outlook of injectable hydrogel for SCI repair are concluded and discussed.We believe this review can be helpful and inspire the further development of injectable hydrogels for SCI repair.展开更多
基金project was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21901154,21671129)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(No.IRT17R71)。
文摘High-efficiency electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)offers a promising strategy to address energy and environmental crisis.Platinum is the most effective electrocatalyst for the HER.However,challenging scarcity,valuableness,and poor electrochemical stability still hinder its wide application.Here,we designed an outstanding HER electrocatalyst,highly dispersed rhodium(Rh)nanoparticles with an average diameter of only 3 nm supported on boron(B)nanosheets.The HER catalytic activity is even comparable to that of commercial platinum catalysts,with an overpotential of only 66 mV in 0.5 M H_(2)SO_(4) and 101 mV in 1 M KOH to reach the current density of 10 mA cm−2.Meanwhile,the catalyst exhibited impressive electrochemical durability during long-term electrochemical processes in acidic and alkaline media,even the simu-lated seawater environment.Theoretical calculations unraveled that the structure-activity relationship between B(104)crystal plane and Rh(111)crystal plane is beneficial to the release of hydrogen,and surface O plays a vital role in the catalysis process.Our work may gain insights into the development of supported metal catalysts with robust catalytic performance through precise engineering of the strong metal-supported interaction effect.
基金supported by Guangdong Basic and Ap-plied Basic Research Foundation(2021B1515120054 and 2019A1515111155)the Shenzhen Fundamental Research Pro-gram(JCYJ20190808120405672).
文摘Spinal cord injury(SCI)often causes severe functional impairment of body,which leads to a huge burden to the patient and the whole society.Many strategies,especially biomaterials,have been employed for SCI repair.Among various biomaterials,injectable hydrogels have attracted much attention because of their ability to load functional components and be injected into the lesioned area without surgeries.In this review,we summarize the recent progress in injectable hydrogels for SCI repair.We firstly introduce the pathophysiology of SCI,which reveals the mechanism of clinical manifestations and determines the therapeutic schedule.Then,we describe the original sources of polymers and the crosslinking manners in forming hydrogels.After that,we focus on the in vivo therapeutic strategies and effects of injectable hydrogels.Finally,the recent challenges and future outlook of injectable hydrogel for SCI repair are concluded and discussed.We believe this review can be helpful and inspire the further development of injectable hydrogels for SCI repair.
