Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is responsible for the current COVID-19 disease pandemic.In some patients,the symptoms are mild,and a fraction of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals develop seve...Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is responsible for the current COVID-19 disease pandemic.In some patients,the symptoms are mild,and a fraction of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals develop severe illness with a high fatality rate due to lung damage and acute respiratory distress syndrome.1 Innate lymphoid cells(ILCs)are a recently identified type of effector immune cells that rapidly sense environmental stimuli and participate in early immune responses by promptly secreting large amounts of cytokines.2 The ILC2 subpopulation was shown to mediate Type 2 responses and to recruit eosinophils during viral lung infections upon the release of alarmins(e.g.,IL-33)by damaged epithelial cells.3,4,5 ILC2s were also shown to participate in the termination of inflammatory responses and tissue repair by amphiregulin secretion.In addition,ILC2s are critical in the early phases of allergic lung inflammation,including that induced by the protease allergen papain.6 Based on the essential function of the papain-like protease PLpro in regulating SARS-CoV-27(Fig.1a)and the severe lung damage caused by this virus,we sought to investigate the potential involvement of ILC2s in immune responses to COVID-19.展开更多
基金We are grateful to the patients for their dedicated collaboration and to the healthy donors for their blood donation.The Jandus laboratory at the University of Geneva is supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation(PRIMA PR00P3_179727)the Swiss Cancer League(KFS-4402-02-2018)+1 种基金the Fondazione San Salvatore and the Helmut Horten FoundationThe UMR1098 RIGHT Laboratory is supported by the Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté,University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté,INSERM and the University Hospital of Besançon.
文摘Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is responsible for the current COVID-19 disease pandemic.In some patients,the symptoms are mild,and a fraction of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals develop severe illness with a high fatality rate due to lung damage and acute respiratory distress syndrome.1 Innate lymphoid cells(ILCs)are a recently identified type of effector immune cells that rapidly sense environmental stimuli and participate in early immune responses by promptly secreting large amounts of cytokines.2 The ILC2 subpopulation was shown to mediate Type 2 responses and to recruit eosinophils during viral lung infections upon the release of alarmins(e.g.,IL-33)by damaged epithelial cells.3,4,5 ILC2s were also shown to participate in the termination of inflammatory responses and tissue repair by amphiregulin secretion.In addition,ILC2s are critical in the early phases of allergic lung inflammation,including that induced by the protease allergen papain.6 Based on the essential function of the papain-like protease PLpro in regulating SARS-CoV-27(Fig.1a)and the severe lung damage caused by this virus,we sought to investigate the potential involvement of ILC2s in immune responses to COVID-19.
