EVALUATION OF SAND RECLAIMED BY DRY TYPE VIBRATION METHOD

It is customary to evaluate the sand reclamation efficiency by general standardmethod as sieve analysis etc.But the special method also can be used in the casewhere the weight of specimen sand is small and a more accurate result is expected.Inauthors’experiments,the grain-size analysis was carried out by an image analysingcomputer and the Na2O content analysis was done with a modified standard methodof acid consumption.From the results of analyses,it might be recognized that theCO2-sodium silicate bonded sand can be reclaimed by dry type vibration methodeffectively after pretreatment.The size and form of reclaimed sand grain are the sameas those of original new Sand and soda content in the remainder on the surface ofsand grain is about 0.I%.It is assumed that the sieve method may be replaced by theimage analysing computer in sand grain-size analysis in the future.It is also pro-posed that the titration method for measuring Na2O content may be necessary tobe studied further.

Beneficial Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine Fuzheng Huayu on the Occurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Compensated Chronic Hepatitis B Cirrhosis Receiving Entecavir:A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study

Background and Aims:The application of antifibrotic drugs to treat patients with chronic liver diseases who are receiving antiviral therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has not been established.Here,we aimed to assess the impact of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Fuzheng Huayu(FZHY)on the occurrence of HCC in patients with hepatitis B virus-related compensated cirrhosis receiving the antiviral drug entecavir(ETV).Methods:A multicenter retrospective cohort study was performed.Compensated liver cirrhosis patients were divided into the ETV+FZHY group or the ETV group according to treatment.The cumulative incidence of HCC was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests.Propensity score matching was used for confounding factors.Stratified analysis and Cox regression were used to determine the effects of FZHY on the occurrence of HCC and liver function decompensation.Results:Out of 910 chronic hepatitis B patients,458 were in the ETV+FZHY group and 452 were in the ETV group.After propensity score matching,the 5-year cumulative incidence of HCC was 9.8%in the ETV+FZHY group and 21.8%in the ETV group(p<0.01).The adjusted hazard ratio for HCC was 0.216(0.108,0.432)when FZHY treatment was>36 months.Age,diabetes,alanine aminotransferase,γ-glutamyl transpeptidase,albumin,hepatitis B e-antigen,and fibrosis 4 score were associated with the occurrence of HCC.FZHY decreased the risk of HCC in patients aged>45 years with a hepatitis B virus DNA level of≥2,000 IU/l.Conclusion:Adjunctive FZHY treatment reduced HCC occurrence in patients with hepatitis B virus cirrhosis who were treated with ETV,possibly due to the antifibrotic properties of FZHY.

Guidance for the clinical evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine-induced liver injury Issued by China Food and Drug Administration

1. Introduction Drug-induced liver injury (DILI), defined as liver injury caused by a drug and/or its metabolites, is a common clinical adverse drug reaction1–4. This type of injury can cause acute liver failure and even death in severe cases5.

表面在位化学与液相化学反应的关联和差别

作为一门化学与物理交叉的新兴学科,表面在位化学(on-surface chemistry)自诞生以来一直处于表面科学的研究前沿.表面在位化学反应既依托于传统溶液反应,又与传统液相化学反应有着明显的区别.传统溶液反应中的诸多经验、理论在表面在位化学反应中依旧适用,很多经典的溶液反应也能在表面上得以实现.然而,利用表面限域效应可以引发一系列在传统溶液反应中难以实现的,具有高精度、高选择性的化学反应,这使得表面在位化学在功能性大分子设计、合成化学以及新材料制备中显示出十分诱人的潜能.本文总结了一些具有代表性的表面在位化学反应,通过比较其与传统溶液反应路径和产物上的差别,归纳了表面在位化学的特点,并对这种"新型"反应手段未来将会面临到的机遇与挑战做出展望.

Mitochondrial Damage and Drp1 Overexpression in Rifampicin-and Isoniazid-induced Liver Injury Cell Model

Background and Aims:Rifampicin(RFP)and isoniazid(INH)are widely used as anti-tuberculosis agents.However,the mechanisms underlying the involvement of reactive oxygen species and mitochondria in RFP-and INH-related hepatotoxicity have not been established yet.This study aimed to observe the intracellular mechanisms leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and morphological changes in RFP-and INH-induced hepatocyte injury.Methods:Cell injury,changes in mitochondrial function,and expression and activation of dynamin related protein 1(Drp1),known as the main protein for mitochondrial fission,were analyzed in cultured QSG7701 cells exposed to RFP and INH.Results:INH and RFP treatment induced pronounced hepatocyte injury and increased cell death.In the similar context of aspartate aminotransferase elevation and adenosine triphosphate synthesis decrease,changes in mitochondrial membrane permeability and reactive oxygen species in hepatocytes induced by RFP were significantly different from those induced by INH(p<0.05).Particularly,we observed the overactivation and mitochondrial translocation of Drp1 in RFP-induced cell injury,which was not occurred with exposure to INH.Conclusions:RFP-induced hepatotoxicity may be closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction and Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission.

Oxygen-promoted synthesis of armchair graphene nanoribbons on Cu(111)

We report the systematic investigation of the effects of oxygen on the synthesis of 3 p sub-family armchair graphene nanoribbons(3 p-AGNRs),which revealed a strong catalytic effect with a reduction in the reaction temperature by approximately 180 K without degradation of the AGNRs.Poly(para-phenylene)(3-AGNR)was generated through Ullmann-type coupling of4,4’’-dibromo-p-terphenyl on Cu(111),which was then converted into wider 3 p-AGNRs via lateral fusion.Scanning tunneling microscopy(STM)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrated the formation of different ribbons up to 12-AGNR,which contained regions exhibiting increased STM contrast that we attribute to the intercalation of Br atoms during lateral fusion.