Study of Resistance to Stress and Burnout among Public Health Professionals: The Case of Nurses and Physicians at Ibn Sina Hospital in Rabat Morocco

Occupational stress presents a major public health problem. It is the subject of many works in Morocco and in the world. Our work focuses on the study of stress resistance among nurses and physicians working in services at Ibn Sina Hospital in Rabat, Morocco. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between resistance status, burnout and level of psychological distress. A self-questionnaire is provided to all respondents. It includes questions about socio-demographic and professional, clinical, also neuropsychological tests such as the stress resistance test (CTRS), the burnout scale (MBI) and the general health questionnaire (GHQ12). This study shows that 42% of nurses and physicians have a high level of emotional exhaustion, high level of depersonalization affects 49% of nurses and physicians and subjects with low professional achievement account for 67% and 54% of nurses and physicians suffer from psychological distress. The stress test reveals that 88% of subjects have a low or moderate level of stress resistance and only 12% have good resistance. Thus, our study sheds new light on the understanding of stress at work by using new measurement and evaluation methods such as TRS, with the aim of reducing or eliminating the impact of occupational stress in hospitals.

Study of Psychological Resilience among Health Care Professionals, in Ibn Sina Hospital/Rabat/Morocco

Psychological resilience is the ability to maintain personal and professional wellbeing in the face of on-going work stress and adversity. The aim is to investigate the state of the psychological resilience of Health Care Professionals (HCP) and the potential risk factors. The study that we conducted carries out a sample of 230 persons (150 nurses and 80 doctors) belonging to the different services of Ibn Sina Hospital of Rabat/Morocco, using two scales. One is a questionnaire containing most of the socio-demographic characteristics, and clinical characteristics. The second is the Dispositional Resilience Scale-15 (DRS15). Otherwise, our results indicate a relatively low rate of resilience of health staff practicing at Ibn Sina Hospital in Rabat/Morocco. 81% of HCP have “low resilience”, 16% have shown “moderate resilience” and only 3% are in the “good resilience” range, based on analyzes of resilience scale results DSR15. The results of the DRS15 validation study indicate a positive correlation between engagement, control and challenge, as well as improved inter and intra-item correlation. Our study also indicates a statistically significant relationship between resilience and socio-economic difficulties of HCP. Sex, marital status, seniority, work schedule and medical history are risk factors. Indeed, women are more resilient than men, single people are more vulnerable than married couples, and new recruits are less resistant than older ones. In addition, the 12/36 continuous work schedule has a protective factor for HCP. These results go in the same direction as those found by some studies. Thus, the results of our study are encouraging and can be used for decision-making in this case.

The Importance of Auditory Discrimination in the Acquisition of Mental Lexicon and Reading Automation in Arabic-Speaking Students in Kenitra (Morocco)

Auditory discrimination is the ability to discriminate between words and sounds. Auditory discrimination can affect reading, spelling and writing. Several studies examined the correlation between auditory discrimination and reading performance. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the importance of auditory discrimination in the acquisition of mental lexicon and consequently the automation of reading in a sample of 101 students in their fourth year of primary education coming from four different schools in Kenitra (Morocco). The results analysis shows that reading scores correlated significantly with the auditory discrimination scores (r = 0.30, p 0.01). This proves that the inability to discriminate words causes a disability to store them in the mental lexicon, which makes it difficult to identify these words at a later encounter. This conclusion is supported by the significant correlation between reading and auditory and visual lexical decision tasks. In this study we were able to emphasize the importance of having good acoustic discrimination capacities for language development. Students who were successful at the auditory discrimination task are more successful at reading. A remediation program based on improving auditory discrimination capacities using the language assessment battery LABBEL could see reading performance improvement in these students.

West Syndrome Secondary to Biotinidase Deficiency about a Case

Biotinidase deficiency is an abnormality of biotin metabolism which is manifested by neurological, cutaneous, ophthalmological and auditory signs. It has been described as a cause of West syndrome, but there are few observations that report an association between these latter two. We report the observation of an 18-month old infant born from a first-degree consanguineous marriage, followed since the age of 2 months and half for West syndrome associated with alopecia, also an eczema and deafness in whom the etiological investigation was in favor of a biotinidase deficiency. Thus treatment with biotin resulted in a marked clinical improvement.

Study of Visual Perception and Working Memory in Moroccan Adolescents Attending School

Visual Perception and working memory are essential neuropsychological skills for any learning. The objective of this research is to study these skills, by analyzing numerical plots, according to gender, age, level of study and the stream by evaluating perceptive and memory deficits in Moroccan adolescents attending school. Our sample contains 146 high school students, including 78 boys and 68 girls participated in this study and we used the numerical version of The Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test (ROCF-A) to assess visual perception and working memory. The results of this study showed that, on the one hand, more than 34% of the subjects examined show signs of perceptual deficit and more 21% show signs of memory deficit and, on the other hand, that the scores of the visual perception are significantly associated with age and that working memory scores are significantly associated with age, level of education, and stream.

Evaluation of the Quality of the Setting up of Early Mother-Born Interactions

The maternity process that has unfolded throughout the pregnancy, undergoes a turning point that occurs most of the time during the stay in diaper: place for installation of early mother-born interactions. The objective of the study is the evaluation of the quality of the establishment of early motherborn interactions as well as the effect of maternal feeling disruption on these interactions. It is a prospective study, focused on a total of 102 maternal-New-born dyads, in the unit of maternity series, at Rabat Children’s Hospital, University Hospital of Ibn Sina. It was based on a scale and an evaluation grid: the Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale MIBQ and an evaluation grid of early mother-child interactions. The results showed that the age of the youth who is dominated at 60% (between 21 and 30 years), and that the primiparity was at 54% and 51% healthy;the correlation analysis between MIBQ and the grid shows that there is a significant correlation of average size with the emotional stability of the mother (p = 0.014 < 0.05), the quality of the attachment of the baby as his mother at the moment breastfeeding (p = 0.011 < 0.05) and the quality of the observed family context (p = 0.017 < 0.05). The installation of the mother-child relationship therefore depends on maternal capacities to recognize her place as a mother and to recognize the needs of their child, but it also depends on the child’s ability to show signs of attachment, his feelings of discomfort and pleasure.